working commit

2026-03-13 19:02:42 +02:00
parent bebbf79c7a
commit 5c1da77f4c
1329 changed files with 314708 additions and 39 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+package fileoper
+
+const (
+	defaultContentType = "application/octet-stream"
+	hcMediaType        = "application/vnd.cncf.helm.chart.content.v1.tar+gzip"
+)
@@ -12,10 +12,18 @@ package fileoper
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"path"
 	"strconv"
+
+	"mstore/pkg/auxtool"
+	"mstore/pkg/terms"
+
+	yaml "go.yaml.in/yaml/v4"
+	chart "helm.sh/helm/v4/pkg/chart/v2"
+	repo "helm.sh/helm/v4/pkg/repo/v1"
 )

 // GetFile
@@ -79,12 +87,37 @@ func (oper *Operator) GetFile(ctx context.Context, operatorID string, params *Ge
 		code := http.StatusOK
 		return code, res, err
 	}
-	// TODO: actual chart index
-	reader := io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(nil))
+	fileDescrs, err := oper.mdb.ListFilesByCollection(ctx, collection)
+	index := repo.NewIndexFile()
+	for _, descr := range fileDescrs {
+		if descr.Type == hcMediaType {
+			meta := &chart.Metadata{}
+			oper.logg.Debugf("=== %s", descr.HelmMeta)
+			err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(descr.HelmMeta), meta)
+			if err != nil {
+				code := http.StatusInternalServerError
+				return code, res, err
+			}
+			index.MustAdd(meta, descr.Name, "aaa", descr.HelmHash)
+		}
+	}
+
+	indexdata, err := yaml.Marshal(index)
+	if err != nil {
+		code := http.StatusInternalServerError
+		return code, res, err
+	}
+	reader := io.NopCloser(bytes.NewReader(indexdata))
+	now := auxtool.TimeNow()
+	size := int64(len(indexdata))
 	res = &GetFileResult{
-		ContentSize: strconv.FormatInt(0, 10),
-		ContentType: hcMimeType,
-		Source:      reader,
+		ContentSize:      strconv.FormatInt(size, 10),
+		ContentType:      "application/yaml",
+		Source:           reader,
+		ContentCreatedAt: now,
+		ContentCreatedBy: terms.ServerID,
+		ContentUpdatedAt: now,
+		ContentUpdatedBy: terms.ServerID,
 	}
 	code := http.StatusOK
 	return code, res, err
@@ -31,11 +31,6 @@ type PutFileParams struct {
 }
 type PutFileResult struct{}

-const (
-	defaultContentType = "application/octet-stream"
-	hcMimeType         = "application/vnd.cncf.helm.chart.content.v1.tar+gzip"
-)
-
 // TODO: checking catalog and file names conflict
 func (oper *Operator) PutFile(ctx context.Context, operatorID string, params *PutFileParams) (int, *PutFileResult, error) {
 	var err error
@@ -76,8 +71,8 @@ func (oper *Operator) PutFile(ctx context.Context, operatorID string, params *Pu
 	}
 	var helmHash string
 	var helmMeta string
-	if contentType == hcMimeType {
-		helmHash, helmMeta, err = oper.store.HelmMeta(tmpname)
+	if contentType == hcMediaType {
+		helmMeta, helmHash, err = oper.store.HelmMeta(tmpname)
 		if err != nil {
 			code := http.StatusInternalServerError
 			return code, res, err
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func (oper *Operator) GetManifest(ctx context.Context, params *GetManifestParams
 		res.Payload = manDescr.Payload

 	} else {
-		// Create index of manifests
+		// Create index of manifests. Or not.
 		exists, manDescrs, err := oper.mdb.GetManifestsByReference(ctx, params.Name, params.Reference)
 		if err != nil {
 			return res, http.StatusInternalServerError, err
@@ -74,16 +74,24 @@ func (oper *Operator) GetManifest(ctx context.Context, params *GetManifestParams
 		if !exists {
 			return res, http.StatusNotFound, err
 		}
-		_, indexdata, err := indexFromManigestDescrs(manDescrs)
-		if err != nil {
-			return res, http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+		if len(manDescrs) == 1 {
+			res.DockerContentDigest = manDescr.Digest
+			size := int64(len(manDescr.Payload))
+			res.ContentLength = strconv.FormatInt(size, 10)
+			res.ContentType = manDescr.ContentType
+			res.Payload = manDescr.Payload
+		} else {
+			_, indexdata, err := indexFromManigestDescrs(manDescrs)
+			if err != nil {
+				return res, http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+			}
+			digobj := ocidigest.SHA256.FromBytes(indexdata)
+			res.DockerContentDigest = digobj.String()
+			size := int64(len(indexdata))
+			res.ContentLength = strconv.FormatInt(size, 10)
+			res.ContentType = oiiMediaType
+			res.Payload = string(indexdata)
 		}
-		digobj := ocidigest.SHA256.FromBytes(indexdata)
-		res.DockerContentDigest = digobj.String()
-		size := int64(len(indexdata))
-		res.ContentLength = strconv.FormatInt(size, 10)
-		res.ContentType = oiiMediaType
-		res.Payload = string(indexdata)
 	}
 	return res, http.StatusOK, err
 }
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ package filecmd

 import (
 	"context"
+	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"time"
@@ -38,17 +39,20 @@ type GetFileResult struct{}
 func (util *FileUtil) getFile(common *CommonFileParams, params *GetFileParams) (*GetFileResult, error) {
 	var err error
 	res := &GetFileResult{}
-
-	err = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(params.Dest), 0750)
-	if err != nil {
-		return res, err
+	var file io.Writer
+	if params.Dest == "-" {
+		file = os.Stdout
+	} else {
+		err = os.MkdirAll(filepath.Dir(params.Dest), 0750)
+		if err != nil {
+			return res, err
+		}
+		file, err := os.OpenFile(params.Dest, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0640)
+		if err != nil {
+			return res, err
+		}
+		defer file.Close()
 	}
-	file, err := os.OpenFile(params.Dest, os.O_WRONLY|os.O_CREATE, 0640)
-	if err != nil {
-		return res, err
-	}
-	defer file.Close()
-
 	timeout := time.Duration(common.Timeout) * time.Second
 	ctx, _ := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), timeout)
 	ref, err := filecli.ParsePath(params.Source)
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ package filecmd
 import (
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
@@ -58,7 +57,6 @@ func (util *FileUtil) listFiles(common *CommonFileParams, params *ListFilesParam
 	if err != nil {
 		return res, err
 	}
-	fmt.Printf("====%s\n", list)
 	files := descr.NewFiles()
 	err = json.Unmarshal(list, files.ArrayPtr())
 	if err != nil {
@@ -18,8 +18,12 @@ require (
 )

 require (
+	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c // indirect
+	github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/blang/semver/v4 v4.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/chai2010/gettext-go v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.3 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.18.2 // indirect
 	github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.7 // indirect
@@ -27,25 +31,42 @@ require (
 	github.com/docker/cli v29.2.1+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.9.3 // indirect
+	github.com/dylibso/observe-sdk/go v0.0.0-20240819160327-2d926c5d788a // indirect
 	github.com/emicklei/go-restful/v3 v3.12.2 // indirect
+	github.com/evanphx/json-patch/v5 v5.9.11 // indirect
+	github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath v0.0.0-20210407135951-1de76d718b3f // indirect
+	github.com/extism/go-sdk v1.7.1 // indirect
+	github.com/fluxcd/cli-utils v0.37.2-flux.1 // indirect
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fxamacker/cbor/v2 v2.9.0 // indirect
+	github.com/go-errors/errors v1.5.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-logr/logr v1.4.3 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/jsonpointer v0.21.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/jsonreference v0.21.0 // indirect
 	github.com/go-openapi/swag v0.23.1 // indirect
 	github.com/go-viper/mapstructure/v2 v2.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gobwas/glob v0.2.3 // indirect
+	github.com/gofrs/flock v0.13.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/btree v1.1.3 // indirect
 	github.com/google/gnostic-models v0.7.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0 // indirect
+	github.com/gregjones/httpcache v0.0.0-20190611155906-901d90724c79 // indirect
+	github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle v0.0.0-20240805132620-81f5be970eca // indirect
 	github.com/inconshreveable/mousetrap v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/josharian/intern v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.18.4 // indirect
+	github.com/liggitt/tabwriter v0.0.0-20181228230101-89fcab3d43de // indirect
 	github.com/mailru/easyjson v0.9.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/go-homedir v1.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mitchellh/go-wordwrap v1.0.1 // indirect
+	github.com/moby/term v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.3-0.20250322232337-35a7c28c31ee // indirect
+	github.com/monochromegane/go-gitignore v0.0.0-20200626010858-205db1a8cc00 // indirect
 	github.com/munnerz/goautoneg v0.0.0-20191010083416-a7dc8b61c822 // indirect
 	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.2.4 // indirect
+	github.com/peterbourgon/diskv v2.0.1+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.1-0.20181226105442-5d4384ee4fb2 // indirect
 	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/sagikazarmark/locafero v0.11.0 // indirect
@@ -55,8 +76,12 @@ require (
 	github.com/spf13/cast v1.10.0 // indirect
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.10 // indirect
 	github.com/subosito/gotenv v1.6.0 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wabin v0.0.0-20230304001439-f6f874872834 // indirect
+	github.com/tetratelabs/wazero v1.11.0 // indirect
 	github.com/vbatts/tar-split v0.12.2 // indirect
 	github.com/x448/float16 v0.8.4 // indirect
+	github.com/xlab/treeprint v1.2.0 // indirect
+	go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp v1.9.0 // indirect
 	go.yaml.in/yaml/v2 v2.4.3 // indirect
 	go.yaml.in/yaml/v3 v3.0.4 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/crypto v0.47.0 // indirect
@@ -74,11 +99,18 @@ require (
 	k8s.io/api v0.35.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver v0.35.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/apimachinery v0.35.1 // indirect
+	k8s.io/cli-runtime v0.35.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/client-go v0.35.1 // indirect
+	k8s.io/component-base v0.35.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.130.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20250910181357-589584f1c912 // indirect
+	k8s.io/kubectl v0.35.1 // indirect
 	k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20251002143259-bc988d571ff4 // indirect
+	oras.land/oras-go/v2 v2.6.0 // indirect
+	sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime v0.23.1 // indirect
 	sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20250730193827-2d320260d730 // indirect
+	sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api v0.21.1 // indirect
+	sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/kyaml v0.21.1 // indirect
 	sigs.k8s.io/randfill v1.0.0 // indirect
 	sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v6 v6.3.2-0.20260122202528-d9cc6641c482 // indirect
 )
@@ -2,37 +2,87 @@ filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0 h1:FNf4tywRC1HmFuKW5xopWpigGjJKiJSV0Cqo0cJWDaA=
 filippo.io/edwards25519 v1.1.0/go.mod h1:BxyFTGdWcka3PhytdK4V28tE5sGfRvvvRV7EaN4VDT4=
 github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20230811130428-ced1acdcaa24 h1:bvDV9vkmnHYOMsOr4WLk+Vo07yKIzd94sVoIqshQ4bU=
 github.com/AdaLogics/go-fuzz-headers v0.0.0-20230811130428-ced1acdcaa24/go.mod h1:8o94RPi1/7XTJvwPpRSzSUedZrtlirdB3r9Z20bi2f8=
+github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c h1:udKWzYgxTojEKWjV8V+WSxDXJ4NFATAsZjh8iIbsQIg=
+github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20250102033503-faa5f7b0171c/go.mod h1:xomTg63KZ2rFqZQzSB4Vz2SUXa1BpHTVz9L5PTmPC4E=
+github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc v1.0.0 h1:cXCdzVdstXyiTqTvfqk9SDHpKNjxuom+DOlyEeQ4pzQ=
+github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc v1.0.0/go.mod h1:mG5amYoWBHf8vpLOuehzbGGw0EHxpZZ6lCpQ4fNJ8LE=
 github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0 h1:Zog+i5UMtVoCU8oKka5P7i9q9HgrJeGzI9SA1Xbatp0=
 github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.4.0/go.mod h1:4V+yj/TJE1HU9XfppCwVMZq3I84lprf4nC11bSS5beM=
 github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0 h1:ILq8+Sf5If5DCpHQp4PbZdS1J7HDFRXz/+xKBiRGFrw=
 github.com/ProtonMail/go-crypto v1.3.0/go.mod h1:9whxjD8Rbs29b4XWbB8irEcE8KHMqaR2e7GWU1R+/PE=
+github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1 h1:VlbKKnNfV8bJzeqoa4cOKqO6bYr3WgKZxO8Z16+hsOM=
+github.com/beorn7/perks v1.0.1/go.mod h1:G2ZrVWU2WbWT9wwq4/hrbKbnv/1ERSJQ0ibhJ6rlkpw=
+github.com/blang/semver/v4 v4.0.0 h1:1PFHFE6yCCTv8C1TeyNNarDzntLi7wMI5i/pzqYIsAM=
+github.com/blang/semver/v4 v4.0.0/go.mod h1:IbckMUScFkM3pff0VJDNKRiT6TG/YpiHIM2yvyW5YoQ=
+github.com/bshuster-repo/logrus-logstash-hook v1.0.0 h1:e+C0SB5R1pu//O4MQ3f9cFuPGoOVeF2fE4Og9otCc70=
+github.com/bshuster-repo/logrus-logstash-hook v1.0.0/go.mod h1:zsTqEiSzDgAa/8GZR7E1qaXrhYNDKBYy5/dWPTIflbk=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3 h1:ZN+IMa753KfX5hd8vVaMixjnqRZ3y8CuJKRKj1xcsSM=
+github.com/cenkalti/backoff/v5 v5.0.3/go.mod h1:rkhZdG3JZukswDf7f0cwqPNk4K0sa+F97BxZthm/crw=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0 h1:UL815xU9SqsFlibzuggzjXhog7bL6oX9BbNZnL2UFvs=
+github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.3.0/go.mod h1:VGX0DQ3Q6kWi7AoAeZDth3/j3BFtOZR5XLFGgcrjCOs=
+github.com/chai2010/gettext-go v1.0.2 h1:1Lwwip6Q2QGsAdl/ZKPCwTe9fe0CjlUbqj5bFNSjIRk=
+github.com/chai2010/gettext-go v1.0.2/go.mod h1:y+wnP2cHYaVj19NZhYKAwEMH2CI1gNHeQQ+5AjwawxA=
 github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.3 h1:9GPOhQGF9MCYUeXyMYlqTR6a5gTrgR/fBLXvUgtVcg8=
 github.com/cloudflare/circl v1.6.3/go.mod h1:2eXP6Qfat4O/Yhh8BznvKnJ+uzEoTQ6jVKJRn81BiS4=
 github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.18.2 h1:yXkZFYIzz3eoLwlTUZKz2iQ4MrckBxJjkmD16ynUTrw=
 github.com/containerd/stargz-snapshotter/estargz v0.18.2/go.mod h1:XyVU5tcJ3PRpkA9XS2T5us6Eg35yM0214Y+wvrZTBrY=
+github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0 h1:RrqgGjYQKalulkV8NGVIfkXQf6YYmOyiJKk8iXXhfZs=
+github.com/coreos/go-systemd/v22 v22.5.0/go.mod h1:Y58oyj3AT4RCenI/lSvhwexgC+NSVTIJ3seZv2GcEnc=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.6/go.mod h1:oOW0eioCTA6cOiMLiUPZOpcVxMig6NIQQ7OS05n1F4g=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.7 h1:zbFlGlXEAKlwXpmvle3d8Oe3YnkKIK4xSRTd3sHPnBo=
 github.com/cpuguy83/go-md2man/v2 v2.0.7/go.mod h1:oOW0eioCTA6cOiMLiUPZOpcVxMig6NIQQ7OS05n1F4g=
+github.com/creack/pty v1.1.18 h1:n56/Zwd5o6whRC5PMGretI4IdRLlmBXYNjScPaBgsbY=
+github.com/creack/pty v1.1.18/go.mod h1:MOBLtS5ELjhRRrroQr9kyvTxUAFNvYEK993ew/Vr4O4=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc h1:U9qPSI2PIWSS1VwoXQT9A3Wy9MM3WgvqSxFWenqJduM=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.2-0.20180830191138-d8f796af33cc/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/dgryski/go-rendezvous v0.0.0-20200823014737-9f7001d12a5f h1:lO4WD4F/rVNCu3HqELle0jiPLLBs70cWOduZpkS1E78=
+github.com/dgryski/go-rendezvous v0.0.0-20200823014737-9f7001d12a5f/go.mod h1:cuUVRXasLTGF7a8hSLbxyZXjz+1KgoB3wDUb6vlszIc=
+github.com/distribution/distribution/v3 v3.0.0 h1:q4R8wemdRQDClzoNNStftB2ZAfqOiN6UX90KJc4HjyM=
+github.com/distribution/distribution/v3 v3.0.0/go.mod h1:tRNuFoZsUdyRVegq8xGNeds4KLjwLCRin/tTo6i1DhU=
+github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0 h1:0IXCQ5g4/QMHHkarYzh5l+u8T3t73zM5QvfrDyIgxBk=
+github.com/distribution/reference v0.6.0/go.mod h1:BbU0aIcezP1/5jX/8MP0YiH4SdvB5Y4f/wlDRiLyi3E=
 github.com/docker/cli v29.2.1+incompatible h1:n3Jt0QVCN65eiVBoUTZQM9mcQICCJt3akW4pKAbKdJg=
 github.com/docker/cli v29.2.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:JLrzqnKDaYBop7H2jaqPtU4hHvMKP+vjCwu2uszcLI8=
 github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible h1:AtKxIZ36LoNK51+Z6RpzLpddBirtxJnzDrHLEKxTAYk=
 github.com/docker/distribution v2.8.3+incompatible/go.mod h1:J2gT2udsDAN96Uj4KfcMRqY0/ypR+oyYUYmja8H+y+w=
 github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.9.3 h1:gAm/VtF9wgqJMoxzT3Gj5p4AqIjCBS4wrsOh9yRqcz8=
 github.com/docker/docker-credential-helpers v0.9.3/go.mod h1:x+4Gbw9aGmChi3qTLZj8Dfn0TD20M/fuWy0E5+WDeCo=
+github.com/docker/go-events v0.0.0-20190806004212-e31b211e4f1c h1:+pKlWGMw7gf6bQ+oDZB4KHQFypsfjYlq/C4rfL7D3g8=
+github.com/docker/go-events v0.0.0-20190806004212-e31b211e4f1c/go.mod h1:Uw6UezgYA44ePAFQYUehOuCzmy5zmg/+nl2ZfMWGkpA=
+github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1 h1:AgB/0SvBxihN0X8OR4SjsblXkbMvalQ8cjmtKQ2rQV8=
+github.com/docker/go-metrics v0.0.1/go.mod h1:cG1hvH2utMXtqgqqYE9plW6lDxS3/5ayHzueweSI3Vw=
+github.com/dylibso/observe-sdk/go v0.0.0-20240819160327-2d926c5d788a h1:UwSIFv5g5lIvbGgtf3tVwC7Ky9rmMFBp0RMs+6f6YqE=
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@@ -52,10 +108,24 @@ github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0/go.mod h1:pXiqmnSA92OHEEa9HXL2W4E7lf9JzCmGVUdgjX
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@@ -152,6 +311,7 @@ golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.35.0 h1:Mv2mzuHuZuY2+bkyWXIHMfhNdJAdwW3FuWeCPYN5GVQ=
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@@ -163,6 +323,12 @@ golang.org/x/time v0.12.0 h1:ScB/8o8olJvc+CQPWrK3fPZNfh7qgwCrY0zJmoEQLSE=
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@@ -172,6 +338,8 @@ gopkg.in/evanphx/json-patch.v4 v4.13.0 h1:czT3CmqEaQ1aanPc5SdlgQrrEIb8w/wwCvWWnf
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@@ -185,16 +353,30 @@ k8s.io/apiextensions-apiserver v0.35.1 h1:p5vvALkknlOcAqARwjS20kJffgzHqwyQRM8vHL
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+k8s.io/component-base v0.35.1 h1:XgvpRf4srp037QWfGBLFsYMUQJkE5yMa94UsJU7pmcE=
+k8s.io/component-base v0.35.1/go.mod h1:HI/6jXlwkiOL5zL9bqA3en1Ygv60F03oEpnuU1G56Bs=
 k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.130.1 h1:n9Xl7H1Xvksem4KFG4PYbdQCQxqc/tTUyrgXaOhHSzk=
 k8s.io/klog/v2 v2.130.1/go.mod h1:3Jpz1GvMt720eyJH1ckRHK1EDfpxISzJ7I9OYgaDtPE=
 k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20250910181357-589584f1c912 h1:Y3gxNAuB0OBLImH611+UDZcmKS3g6CthxToOb37KgwE=
 k8s.io/kube-openapi v0.0.0-20250910181357-589584f1c912/go.mod h1:kdmbQkyfwUagLfXIad1y2TdrjPFWp2Q89B3qkRwf/pQ=
+k8s.io/kubectl v0.35.1 h1:zP3Er8C5i1dcAFUMh9Eva0kVvZHptXIn/+8NtRWMxwg=
+k8s.io/kubectl v0.35.1/go.mod h1:cQ2uAPs5IO/kx8R5s5J3Ihv3VCYwrx0obCXum0CvnXo=
 k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20251002143259-bc988d571ff4 h1:SjGebBtkBqHFOli+05xYbK8YF1Dzkbzn+gDM4X9T4Ck=
 k8s.io/utils v0.0.0-20251002143259-bc988d571ff4/go.mod h1:OLgZIPagt7ERELqWJFomSt595RzquPNLL48iOWgYOg0=
+oras.land/oras-go/v2 v2.6.0 h1:X4ELRsiGkrbeox69+9tzTu492FMUu7zJQW6eJU+I2oc=
+oras.land/oras-go/v2 v2.6.0/go.mod h1:magiQDfG6H1O9APp+rOsvCPcW1GD2MM7vgnKY0Y+u1o=
+sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime v0.23.1 h1:TjJSM80Nf43Mg21+RCy3J70aj/W6KyvDtOlpKf+PupE=
+sigs.k8s.io/controller-runtime v0.23.1/go.mod h1:B6COOxKptp+YaUT5q4l6LqUJTRpizbgf9KSRNdQGns0=
 sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20250730193827-2d320260d730 h1:IpInykpT6ceI+QxKBbEflcR5EXP7sU1kvOlxwZh5txg=
 sigs.k8s.io/json v0.0.0-20250730193827-2d320260d730/go.mod h1:mdzfpAEoE6DHQEN0uh9ZbOCuHbLK5wOm7dK4ctXE9Tg=
+sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api v0.21.1 h1:lzqbzvz2CSvsjIUZUBNFKtIMsEw7hVLJp0JeSIVmuJs=
+sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/api v0.21.1/go.mod h1:f3wkKByTrgpgltLgySCntrYoq5d3q7aaxveSagwTlwI=
+sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/kyaml v0.21.1 h1:IVlbmhC076nf6foyL6Taw4BkrLuEsXUXNpsE+ScX7fI=
+sigs.k8s.io/kustomize/kyaml v0.21.1/go.mod h1:hmxADesM3yUN2vbA5z1/YTBnzLJ1dajdqpQonwBL1FQ=
 sigs.k8s.io/randfill v1.0.0 h1:JfjMILfT8A6RbawdsK2JXGBR5AQVfd+9TbzrlneTyrU=
 sigs.k8s.io/randfill v1.0.0/go.mod h1:XeLlZ/jmk4i1HRopwe7/aU3H5n1zNUcX6TM94b3QxOY=
 sigs.k8s.io/structured-merge-diff/v6 v6.3.2-0.20260122202528-d9cc6641c482 h1:2WOzJpHUBVrrkDjU4KBT8n5LDcj824eX0I5UKcgeRUs=
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@ type File struct {
 	UpdatedAt  string `db:"updated_at"  json:"updatedAt,omitempty"  yaml:"updatedAt,omitempty"`
 	CreatedBy  string `db:"created_by"  json:"createdBy,omitempty"  yaml:"createdBy,omitempty"`
 	UpdatedBy  string `db:"updated_by"  json:"updatedBy,omitempty"  yaml:"updatedBy,omitempty"`
-	HelmHash   string `db:"helm_hash"   json:"helmHash,omitempty"   yaml:"helmHash,omitempty"`
 	HelmMeta   string `db:"helm_meta"   json:"helmMeta,omitempty"   yaml:"helmMeta,omitempty"`
+	HelmHash   string `db:"helm_hash"   json:"helmHash,omitempty"   yaml:"helmHash,omitempty"`
 }

 type Files struct {
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015 Microsoft Corporation
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# go-ansiterm
+
+This is a cross platform Ansi Terminal Emulation library.  It reads a stream of Ansi characters and produces the appropriate function calls.  The results of the function calls are platform dependent.
+
+For example the parser might receive "ESC, [, A" as a stream of three characters.  This is the code for Cursor Up (http://www.vt100.net/docs/vt510-rm/CUU).  The parser then calls the cursor up function (CUU()) on an event handler.  The event handler determines what platform specific work must be done to cause the cursor to move up one position.
+
+The parser (parser.go) is a partial implementation of this state machine (http://vt100.net/emu/vt500_parser.png).  There are also two event handler implementations, one for tests (test_event_handler.go) to validate that the expected events are being produced and called, the other is a Windows implementation (winterm/win_event_handler.go).
+
+See parser_test.go for examples exercising the state machine and generating appropriate function calls.
+
+-----
+This project has adopted the [Microsoft Open Source Code of Conduct](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/). For more information see the [Code of Conduct FAQ](https://opensource.microsoft.com/codeofconduct/faq/) or contact [opencode@microsoft.com](mailto:opencode@microsoft.com) with any additional questions or comments.
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<!-- BEGIN MICROSOFT SECURITY.MD V0.0.8 BLOCK -->
+
+## Security
+
+Microsoft takes the security of our software products and services seriously, which includes all source code repositories managed through our GitHub organizations, which include [Microsoft](https://github.com/microsoft), [Azure](https://github.com/Azure), [DotNet](https://github.com/dotnet), [AspNet](https://github.com/aspnet), [Xamarin](https://github.com/xamarin), and [our GitHub organizations](https://opensource.microsoft.com/).
+
+If you believe you have found a security vulnerability in any Microsoft-owned repository that meets [Microsoft's definition of a security vulnerability](https://aka.ms/opensource/security/definition), please report it to us as described below.
+
+## Reporting Security Issues
+
+**Please do not report security vulnerabilities through public GitHub issues.**
+
+Instead, please report them to the Microsoft Security Response Center (MSRC) at [https://msrc.microsoft.com/create-report](https://aka.ms/opensource/security/create-report).
+
+If you prefer to submit without logging in, send email to [secure@microsoft.com](mailto:secure@microsoft.com).  If possible, encrypt your message with our PGP key; please download it from the [Microsoft Security Response Center PGP Key page](https://aka.ms/opensource/security/pgpkey).
+
+You should receive a response within 24 hours. If for some reason you do not, please follow up via email to ensure we received your original message. Additional information can be found at [microsoft.com/msrc](https://aka.ms/opensource/security/msrc). 
+
+Please include the requested information listed below (as much as you can provide) to help us better understand the nature and scope of the possible issue:
+
+  * Type of issue (e.g. buffer overflow, SQL injection, cross-site scripting, etc.)
+  * Full paths of source file(s) related to the manifestation of the issue
+  * The location of the affected source code (tag/branch/commit or direct URL)
+  * Any special configuration required to reproduce the issue
+  * Step-by-step instructions to reproduce the issue
+  * Proof-of-concept or exploit code (if possible)
+  * Impact of the issue, including how an attacker might exploit the issue
+
+This information will help us triage your report more quickly.
+
+If you are reporting for a bug bounty, more complete reports can contribute to a higher bounty award. Please visit our [Microsoft Bug Bounty Program](https://aka.ms/opensource/security/bounty) page for more details about our active programs.
+
+## Preferred Languages
+
+We prefer all communications to be in English.
+
+## Policy
+
+Microsoft follows the principle of [Coordinated Vulnerability Disclosure](https://aka.ms/opensource/security/cvd).
+
+<!-- END MICROSOFT SECURITY.MD BLOCK -->
@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+const LogEnv = "DEBUG_TERMINAL"
+
+// ANSI constants
+// References:
+// -- http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-048.htm
+// -- http://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man4/console_codes.4.html
+// -- http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/intrepid/man4/console_codes.4.html
+// -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code
+// -- http://vt100.net/emu/dec_ansi_parser
+// -- http://vt100.net/emu/vt500_parser.svg
+// -- http://invisible-island.net/xterm/ctlseqs/ctlseqs.html
+// -- http://www.inwap.com/pdp10/ansicode.txt
+const (
+	// ECMA-48 Set Graphics Rendition
+	// Note:
+	// -- Constants leading with an underscore (e.g., _ANSI_xxx) are unsupported or reserved
+	// -- Fonts could possibly be supported via SetCurrentConsoleFontEx
+	// -- Windows does not expose the per-window cursor (i.e., caret) blink times
+	ANSI_SGR_RESET              = 0
+	ANSI_SGR_BOLD               = 1
+	ANSI_SGR_DIM                = 2
+	_ANSI_SGR_ITALIC            = 3
+	ANSI_SGR_UNDERLINE          = 4
+	_ANSI_SGR_BLINKSLOW         = 5
+	_ANSI_SGR_BLINKFAST         = 6
+	ANSI_SGR_REVERSE            = 7
+	_ANSI_SGR_INVISIBLE         = 8
+	_ANSI_SGR_LINETHROUGH       = 9
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_00           = 10
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_01           = 11
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_02           = 12
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_03           = 13
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_04           = 14
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_05           = 15
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_06           = 16
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_07           = 17
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_08           = 18
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_09           = 19
+	_ANSI_SGR_FONT_10           = 20
+	_ANSI_SGR_DOUBLEUNDERLINE   = 21
+	ANSI_SGR_BOLD_DIM_OFF       = 22
+	_ANSI_SGR_ITALIC_OFF        = 23
+	ANSI_SGR_UNDERLINE_OFF      = 24
+	_ANSI_SGR_BLINK_OFF         = 25
+	_ANSI_SGR_RESERVED_00       = 26
+	ANSI_SGR_REVERSE_OFF        = 27
+	_ANSI_SGR_INVISIBLE_OFF     = 28
+	_ANSI_SGR_LINETHROUGH_OFF   = 29
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_BLACK   = 30
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_RED     = 31
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_GREEN   = 32
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_YELLOW  = 33
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_BLUE    = 34
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_MAGENTA = 35
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_CYAN    = 36
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_WHITE   = 37
+	_ANSI_SGR_RESERVED_01       = 38
+	ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_DEFAULT = 39
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_BLACK   = 40
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_RED     = 41
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_GREEN   = 42
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_YELLOW  = 43
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_BLUE    = 44
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_MAGENTA = 45
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_CYAN    = 46
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_WHITE   = 47
+	_ANSI_SGR_RESERVED_02       = 48
+	ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_DEFAULT = 49
+	// 50 - 65: Unsupported
+
+	ANSI_MAX_CMD_LENGTH = 4096
+
+	MAX_INPUT_EVENTS = 128
+	DEFAULT_WIDTH    = 80
+	DEFAULT_HEIGHT   = 24
+
+	ANSI_BEL              = 0x07
+	ANSI_BACKSPACE        = 0x08
+	ANSI_TAB              = 0x09
+	ANSI_LINE_FEED        = 0x0A
+	ANSI_VERTICAL_TAB     = 0x0B
+	ANSI_FORM_FEED        = 0x0C
+	ANSI_CARRIAGE_RETURN  = 0x0D
+	ANSI_ESCAPE_PRIMARY   = 0x1B
+	ANSI_ESCAPE_SECONDARY = 0x5B
+	ANSI_OSC_STRING_ENTRY = 0x5D
+	ANSI_COMMAND_FIRST    = 0x40
+	ANSI_COMMAND_LAST     = 0x7E
+	DCS_ENTRY             = 0x90
+	CSI_ENTRY             = 0x9B
+	OSC_STRING            = 0x9D
+	ANSI_PARAMETER_SEP    = ";"
+	ANSI_CMD_G0           = '('
+	ANSI_CMD_G1           = ')'
+	ANSI_CMD_G2           = '*'
+	ANSI_CMD_G3           = '+'
+	ANSI_CMD_DECPNM       = '>'
+	ANSI_CMD_DECPAM       = '='
+	ANSI_CMD_OSC          = ']'
+	ANSI_CMD_STR_TERM     = '\\'
+
+	KEY_CONTROL_PARAM_2 = ";2"
+	KEY_CONTROL_PARAM_3 = ";3"
+	KEY_CONTROL_PARAM_4 = ";4"
+	KEY_CONTROL_PARAM_5 = ";5"
+	KEY_CONTROL_PARAM_6 = ";6"
+	KEY_CONTROL_PARAM_7 = ";7"
+	KEY_CONTROL_PARAM_8 = ";8"
+	KEY_ESC_CSI         = "\x1B["
+	KEY_ESC_N           = "\x1BN"
+	KEY_ESC_O           = "\x1BO"
+
+	FILL_CHARACTER = ' '
+)
+
+func getByteRange(start byte, end byte) []byte {
+	bytes := make([]byte, 0, 32)
+	for i := start; i <= end; i++ {
+		bytes = append(bytes, byte(i))
+	}
+
+	return bytes
+}
+
+var toGroundBytes = getToGroundBytes()
+var executors = getExecuteBytes()
+
+// SPACE		  20+A0 hex  Always and everywhere a blank space
+// Intermediate	  20-2F hex   !"#$%&'()*+,-./
+var intermeds = getByteRange(0x20, 0x2F)
+
+// Parameters	  30-3F hex  0123456789:;<=>?
+// CSI Parameters 30-39, 3B hex 0123456789;
+var csiParams = getByteRange(0x30, 0x3F)
+
+var csiCollectables = append(getByteRange(0x30, 0x39), getByteRange(0x3B, 0x3F)...)
+
+// Uppercase	  40-5F hex  @ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_
+var upperCase = getByteRange(0x40, 0x5F)
+
+// Lowercase	  60-7E hex  `abcdefghijlkmnopqrstuvwxyz{|}~
+var lowerCase = getByteRange(0x60, 0x7E)
+
+// Alphabetics	  40-7E hex  (all of upper and lower case)
+var alphabetics = append(upperCase, lowerCase...)
+
+var printables = getByteRange(0x20, 0x7F)
+
+var escapeIntermediateToGroundBytes = getByteRange(0x30, 0x7E)
+var escapeToGroundBytes = getEscapeToGroundBytes()
+
+// See http://www.vt100.net/emu/vt500_parser.png for description of the complex
+// byte ranges below
+
+func getEscapeToGroundBytes() []byte {
+	escapeToGroundBytes := getByteRange(0x30, 0x4F)
+	escapeToGroundBytes = append(escapeToGroundBytes, getByteRange(0x51, 0x57)...)
+	escapeToGroundBytes = append(escapeToGroundBytes, 0x59)
+	escapeToGroundBytes = append(escapeToGroundBytes, 0x5A)
+	escapeToGroundBytes = append(escapeToGroundBytes, 0x5C)
+	escapeToGroundBytes = append(escapeToGroundBytes, getByteRange(0x60, 0x7E)...)
+	return escapeToGroundBytes
+}
+
+func getExecuteBytes() []byte {
+	executeBytes := getByteRange(0x00, 0x17)
+	executeBytes = append(executeBytes, 0x19)
+	executeBytes = append(executeBytes, getByteRange(0x1C, 0x1F)...)
+	return executeBytes
+}
+
+func getToGroundBytes() []byte {
+	groundBytes := []byte{0x18}
+	groundBytes = append(groundBytes, 0x1A)
+	groundBytes = append(groundBytes, getByteRange(0x80, 0x8F)...)
+	groundBytes = append(groundBytes, getByteRange(0x91, 0x97)...)
+	groundBytes = append(groundBytes, 0x99)
+	groundBytes = append(groundBytes, 0x9A)
+	groundBytes = append(groundBytes, 0x9C)
+	return groundBytes
+}
+
+// Delete		     7F hex  Always and everywhere ignored
+// C1 Control	  80-9F hex  32 additional control characters
+// G1 Displayable A1-FE hex  94 additional displayable characters
+// Special		  A0+FF hex  Same as SPACE and DELETE
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type ansiContext struct {
+	currentChar byte
+	paramBuffer []byte
+	interBuffer []byte
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type csiEntryState struct {
+	baseState
+}
+
+func (csiState csiEntryState) Handle(b byte) (s state, e error) {
+	csiState.parser.logf("CsiEntry::Handle %#x", b)
+
+	nextState, err := csiState.baseState.Handle(b)
+	if nextState != nil || err != nil {
+		return nextState, err
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case sliceContains(alphabetics, b):
+		return csiState.parser.ground, nil
+	case sliceContains(csiCollectables, b):
+		return csiState.parser.csiParam, nil
+	case sliceContains(executors, b):
+		return csiState, csiState.parser.execute()
+	}
+
+	return csiState, nil
+}
+
+func (csiState csiEntryState) Transition(s state) error {
+	csiState.parser.logf("CsiEntry::Transition %s --> %s", csiState.Name(), s.Name())
+	csiState.baseState.Transition(s)
+
+	switch s {
+	case csiState.parser.ground:
+		return csiState.parser.csiDispatch()
+	case csiState.parser.csiParam:
+		switch {
+		case sliceContains(csiParams, csiState.parser.context.currentChar):
+			csiState.parser.collectParam()
+		case sliceContains(intermeds, csiState.parser.context.currentChar):
+			csiState.parser.collectInter()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (csiState csiEntryState) Enter() error {
+	csiState.parser.clear()
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type csiParamState struct {
+	baseState
+}
+
+func (csiState csiParamState) Handle(b byte) (s state, e error) {
+	csiState.parser.logf("CsiParam::Handle %#x", b)
+
+	nextState, err := csiState.baseState.Handle(b)
+	if nextState != nil || err != nil {
+		return nextState, err
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case sliceContains(alphabetics, b):
+		return csiState.parser.ground, nil
+	case sliceContains(csiCollectables, b):
+		csiState.parser.collectParam()
+		return csiState, nil
+	case sliceContains(executors, b):
+		return csiState, csiState.parser.execute()
+	}
+
+	return csiState, nil
+}
+
+func (csiState csiParamState) Transition(s state) error {
+	csiState.parser.logf("CsiParam::Transition %s --> %s", csiState.Name(), s.Name())
+	csiState.baseState.Transition(s)
+
+	switch s {
+	case csiState.parser.ground:
+		return csiState.parser.csiDispatch()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type escapeIntermediateState struct {
+	baseState
+}
+
+func (escState escapeIntermediateState) Handle(b byte) (s state, e error) {
+	escState.parser.logf("escapeIntermediateState::Handle %#x", b)
+	nextState, err := escState.baseState.Handle(b)
+	if nextState != nil || err != nil {
+		return nextState, err
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case sliceContains(intermeds, b):
+		return escState, escState.parser.collectInter()
+	case sliceContains(executors, b):
+		return escState, escState.parser.execute()
+	case sliceContains(escapeIntermediateToGroundBytes, b):
+		return escState.parser.ground, nil
+	}
+
+	return escState, nil
+}
+
+func (escState escapeIntermediateState) Transition(s state) error {
+	escState.parser.logf("escapeIntermediateState::Transition %s --> %s", escState.Name(), s.Name())
+	escState.baseState.Transition(s)
+
+	switch s {
+	case escState.parser.ground:
+		return escState.parser.escDispatch()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type escapeState struct {
+	baseState
+}
+
+func (escState escapeState) Handle(b byte) (s state, e error) {
+	escState.parser.logf("escapeState::Handle %#x", b)
+	nextState, err := escState.baseState.Handle(b)
+	if nextState != nil || err != nil {
+		return nextState, err
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case b == ANSI_ESCAPE_SECONDARY:
+		return escState.parser.csiEntry, nil
+	case b == ANSI_OSC_STRING_ENTRY:
+		return escState.parser.oscString, nil
+	case sliceContains(executors, b):
+		return escState, escState.parser.execute()
+	case sliceContains(escapeToGroundBytes, b):
+		return escState.parser.ground, nil
+	case sliceContains(intermeds, b):
+		return escState.parser.escapeIntermediate, nil
+	}
+
+	return escState, nil
+}
+
+func (escState escapeState) Transition(s state) error {
+	escState.parser.logf("Escape::Transition %s --> %s", escState.Name(), s.Name())
+	escState.baseState.Transition(s)
+
+	switch s {
+	case escState.parser.ground:
+		return escState.parser.escDispatch()
+	case escState.parser.escapeIntermediate:
+		return escState.parser.collectInter()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (escState escapeState) Enter() error {
+	escState.parser.clear()
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type AnsiEventHandler interface {
+	// Print
+	Print(b byte) error
+
+	// Execute C0 commands
+	Execute(b byte) error
+
+	// CUrsor Up
+	CUU(int) error
+
+	// CUrsor Down
+	CUD(int) error
+
+	// CUrsor Forward
+	CUF(int) error
+
+	// CUrsor Backward
+	CUB(int) error
+
+	// Cursor to Next Line
+	CNL(int) error
+
+	// Cursor to Previous Line
+	CPL(int) error
+
+	// Cursor Horizontal position Absolute
+	CHA(int) error
+
+	// Vertical line Position Absolute
+	VPA(int) error
+
+	// CUrsor Position
+	CUP(int, int) error
+
+	// Horizontal and Vertical Position (depends on PUM)
+	HVP(int, int) error
+
+	// Text Cursor Enable Mode
+	DECTCEM(bool) error
+
+	// Origin Mode
+	DECOM(bool) error
+
+	// 132 Column Mode
+	DECCOLM(bool) error
+
+	// Erase in Display
+	ED(int) error
+
+	// Erase in Line
+	EL(int) error
+
+	// Insert Line
+	IL(int) error
+
+	// Delete Line
+	DL(int) error
+
+	// Insert Character
+	ICH(int) error
+
+	// Delete Character
+	DCH(int) error
+
+	// Set Graphics Rendition
+	SGR([]int) error
+
+	// Pan Down
+	SU(int) error
+
+	// Pan Up
+	SD(int) error
+
+	// Device Attributes
+	DA([]string) error
+
+	// Set Top and Bottom Margins
+	DECSTBM(int, int) error
+
+	// Index
+	IND() error
+
+	// Reverse Index
+	RI() error
+
+	// Flush updates from previous commands
+	Flush() error
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type groundState struct {
+	baseState
+}
+
+func (gs groundState) Handle(b byte) (s state, e error) {
+	gs.parser.context.currentChar = b
+
+	nextState, err := gs.baseState.Handle(b)
+	if nextState != nil || err != nil {
+		return nextState, err
+	}
+
+	switch {
+	case sliceContains(printables, b):
+		return gs, gs.parser.print()
+
+	case sliceContains(executors, b):
+		return gs, gs.parser.execute()
+	}
+
+	return gs, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type oscStringState struct {
+	baseState
+}
+
+func (oscState oscStringState) Handle(b byte) (s state, e error) {
+	oscState.parser.logf("OscString::Handle %#x", b)
+	nextState, err := oscState.baseState.Handle(b)
+	if nextState != nil || err != nil {
+		return nextState, err
+	}
+
+	// There are several control characters and sequences which can
+	// terminate an OSC string. Most of them are handled by the baseState
+	// handler. The ANSI_BEL character is a special case which behaves as a
+	// terminator only for an OSC string.
+	if b == ANSI_BEL {
+		return oscState.parser.ground, nil
+	}
+
+	return oscState, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+)
+
+type AnsiParser struct {
+	currState          state
+	eventHandler       AnsiEventHandler
+	context            *ansiContext
+	csiEntry           state
+	csiParam           state
+	dcsEntry           state
+	escape             state
+	escapeIntermediate state
+	error              state
+	ground             state
+	oscString          state
+	stateMap           []state
+
+	logf func(string, ...interface{})
+}
+
+type Option func(*AnsiParser)
+
+func WithLogf(f func(string, ...interface{})) Option {
+	return func(ap *AnsiParser) {
+		ap.logf = f
+	}
+}
+
+func CreateParser(initialState string, evtHandler AnsiEventHandler, opts ...Option) *AnsiParser {
+	ap := &AnsiParser{
+		eventHandler: evtHandler,
+		context:      &ansiContext{},
+	}
+	for _, o := range opts {
+		o(ap)
+	}
+
+	if isDebugEnv := os.Getenv(LogEnv); isDebugEnv == "1" {
+		logFile, _ := os.Create("ansiParser.log")
+		logger := log.New(logFile, "", log.LstdFlags)
+		if ap.logf != nil {
+			l := ap.logf
+			ap.logf = func(s string, v ...interface{}) {
+				l(s, v...)
+				logger.Printf(s, v...)
+			}
+		} else {
+			ap.logf = logger.Printf
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ap.logf == nil {
+		ap.logf = func(string, ...interface{}) {}
+	}
+
+	ap.csiEntry = csiEntryState{baseState{name: "CsiEntry", parser: ap}}
+	ap.csiParam = csiParamState{baseState{name: "CsiParam", parser: ap}}
+	ap.dcsEntry = dcsEntryState{baseState{name: "DcsEntry", parser: ap}}
+	ap.escape = escapeState{baseState{name: "Escape", parser: ap}}
+	ap.escapeIntermediate = escapeIntermediateState{baseState{name: "EscapeIntermediate", parser: ap}}
+	ap.error = errorState{baseState{name: "Error", parser: ap}}
+	ap.ground = groundState{baseState{name: "Ground", parser: ap}}
+	ap.oscString = oscStringState{baseState{name: "OscString", parser: ap}}
+
+	ap.stateMap = []state{
+		ap.csiEntry,
+		ap.csiParam,
+		ap.dcsEntry,
+		ap.escape,
+		ap.escapeIntermediate,
+		ap.error,
+		ap.ground,
+		ap.oscString,
+	}
+
+	ap.currState = getState(initialState, ap.stateMap)
+
+	ap.logf("CreateParser: parser %p", ap)
+	return ap
+}
+
+func getState(name string, states []state) state {
+	for _, el := range states {
+		if el.Name() == name {
+			return el
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) Parse(bytes []byte) (int, error) {
+	for i, b := range bytes {
+		if err := ap.handle(b); err != nil {
+			return i, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return len(bytes), ap.eventHandler.Flush()
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) handle(b byte) error {
+	ap.context.currentChar = b
+	newState, err := ap.currState.Handle(b)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if newState == nil {
+		ap.logf("WARNING: newState is nil")
+		return errors.New("New state of 'nil' is invalid.")
+	}
+
+	if newState != ap.currState {
+		if err := ap.changeState(newState); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) changeState(newState state) error {
+	ap.logf("ChangeState %s --> %s", ap.currState.Name(), newState.Name())
+
+	// Exit old state
+	if err := ap.currState.Exit(); err != nil {
+		ap.logf("Exit state '%s' failed with : '%v'", ap.currState.Name(), err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Perform transition action
+	if err := ap.currState.Transition(newState); err != nil {
+		ap.logf("Transition from '%s' to '%s' failed with: '%v'", ap.currState.Name(), newState.Name, err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Enter new state
+	if err := newState.Enter(); err != nil {
+		ap.logf("Enter state '%s' failed with: '%v'", newState.Name(), err)
+		return err
+	}
+
+	ap.currState = newState
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+func parseParams(bytes []byte) ([]string, error) {
+	paramBuff := make([]byte, 0, 0)
+	params := []string{}
+
+	for _, v := range bytes {
+		if v == ';' {
+			if len(paramBuff) > 0 {
+				// Completed parameter, append it to the list
+				s := string(paramBuff)
+				params = append(params, s)
+				paramBuff = make([]byte, 0, 0)
+			}
+		} else {
+			paramBuff = append(paramBuff, v)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Last parameter may not be terminated with ';'
+	if len(paramBuff) > 0 {
+		s := string(paramBuff)
+		params = append(params, s)
+	}
+
+	return params, nil
+}
+
+func parseCmd(context ansiContext) (string, error) {
+	return string(context.currentChar), nil
+}
+
+func getInt(params []string, dflt int) int {
+	i := getInts(params, 1, dflt)[0]
+	return i
+}
+
+func getInts(params []string, minCount int, dflt int) []int {
+	ints := []int{}
+
+	for _, v := range params {
+		i, _ := strconv.Atoi(v)
+		// Zero is mapped to the default value in VT100.
+		if i == 0 {
+			i = dflt
+		}
+		ints = append(ints, i)
+	}
+
+	if len(ints) < minCount {
+		remaining := minCount - len(ints)
+		for i := 0; i < remaining; i++ {
+			ints = append(ints, dflt)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return ints
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) modeDispatch(param string, set bool) error {
+	switch param {
+	case "?3":
+		return ap.eventHandler.DECCOLM(set)
+	case "?6":
+		return ap.eventHandler.DECOM(set)
+	case "?25":
+		return ap.eventHandler.DECTCEM(set)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) hDispatch(params []string) error {
+	if len(params) == 1 {
+		return ap.modeDispatch(params[0], true)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) lDispatch(params []string) error {
+	if len(params) == 1 {
+		return ap.modeDispatch(params[0], false)
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func getEraseParam(params []string) int {
+	param := getInt(params, 0)
+	if param < 0 || 3 < param {
+		param = 0
+	}
+
+	return param
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) collectParam() error {
+	currChar := ap.context.currentChar
+	ap.logf("collectParam %#x", currChar)
+	ap.context.paramBuffer = append(ap.context.paramBuffer, currChar)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) collectInter() error {
+	currChar := ap.context.currentChar
+	ap.logf("collectInter %#x", currChar)
+	ap.context.paramBuffer = append(ap.context.interBuffer, currChar)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) escDispatch() error {
+	cmd, _ := parseCmd(*ap.context)
+	intermeds := ap.context.interBuffer
+	ap.logf("escDispatch currentChar: %#x", ap.context.currentChar)
+	ap.logf("escDispatch: %v(%v)", cmd, intermeds)
+
+	switch cmd {
+	case "D": // IND
+		return ap.eventHandler.IND()
+	case "E": // NEL, equivalent to CRLF
+		err := ap.eventHandler.Execute(ANSI_CARRIAGE_RETURN)
+		if err == nil {
+			err = ap.eventHandler.Execute(ANSI_LINE_FEED)
+		}
+		return err
+	case "M": // RI
+		return ap.eventHandler.RI()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) csiDispatch() error {
+	cmd, _ := parseCmd(*ap.context)
+	params, _ := parseParams(ap.context.paramBuffer)
+	ap.logf("Parsed params: %v with length: %d", params, len(params))
+
+	ap.logf("csiDispatch: %v(%v)", cmd, params)
+
+	switch cmd {
+	case "@":
+		return ap.eventHandler.ICH(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "A":
+		return ap.eventHandler.CUU(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "B":
+		return ap.eventHandler.CUD(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "C":
+		return ap.eventHandler.CUF(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "D":
+		return ap.eventHandler.CUB(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "E":
+		return ap.eventHandler.CNL(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "F":
+		return ap.eventHandler.CPL(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "G":
+		return ap.eventHandler.CHA(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "H":
+		ints := getInts(params, 2, 1)
+		x, y := ints[0], ints[1]
+		return ap.eventHandler.CUP(x, y)
+	case "J":
+		param := getEraseParam(params)
+		return ap.eventHandler.ED(param)
+	case "K":
+		param := getEraseParam(params)
+		return ap.eventHandler.EL(param)
+	case "L":
+		return ap.eventHandler.IL(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "M":
+		return ap.eventHandler.DL(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "P":
+		return ap.eventHandler.DCH(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "S":
+		return ap.eventHandler.SU(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "T":
+		return ap.eventHandler.SD(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "c":
+		return ap.eventHandler.DA(params)
+	case "d":
+		return ap.eventHandler.VPA(getInt(params, 1))
+	case "f":
+		ints := getInts(params, 2, 1)
+		x, y := ints[0], ints[1]
+		return ap.eventHandler.HVP(x, y)
+	case "h":
+		return ap.hDispatch(params)
+	case "l":
+		return ap.lDispatch(params)
+	case "m":
+		return ap.eventHandler.SGR(getInts(params, 1, 0))
+	case "r":
+		ints := getInts(params, 2, 1)
+		top, bottom := ints[0], ints[1]
+		return ap.eventHandler.DECSTBM(top, bottom)
+	default:
+		ap.logf("ERROR: Unsupported CSI command: '%s', with full context:  %v", cmd, ap.context)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) print() error {
+	return ap.eventHandler.Print(ap.context.currentChar)
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) clear() error {
+	ap.context = &ansiContext{}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (ap *AnsiParser) execute() error {
+	return ap.eventHandler.Execute(ap.context.currentChar)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+type stateID int
+
+type state interface {
+	Enter() error
+	Exit() error
+	Handle(byte) (state, error)
+	Name() string
+	Transition(state) error
+}
+
+type baseState struct {
+	name   string
+	parser *AnsiParser
+}
+
+func (base baseState) Enter() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (base baseState) Exit() error {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (base baseState) Handle(b byte) (s state, e error) {
+
+	switch {
+	case b == CSI_ENTRY:
+		return base.parser.csiEntry, nil
+	case b == DCS_ENTRY:
+		return base.parser.dcsEntry, nil
+	case b == ANSI_ESCAPE_PRIMARY:
+		return base.parser.escape, nil
+	case b == OSC_STRING:
+		return base.parser.oscString, nil
+	case sliceContains(toGroundBytes, b):
+		return base.parser.ground, nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func (base baseState) Name() string {
+	return base.name
+}
+
+func (base baseState) Transition(s state) error {
+	if s == base.parser.ground {
+		execBytes := []byte{0x18}
+		execBytes = append(execBytes, 0x1A)
+		execBytes = append(execBytes, getByteRange(0x80, 0x8F)...)
+		execBytes = append(execBytes, getByteRange(0x91, 0x97)...)
+		execBytes = append(execBytes, 0x99)
+		execBytes = append(execBytes, 0x9A)
+
+		if sliceContains(execBytes, base.parser.context.currentChar) {
+			return base.parser.execute()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+type dcsEntryState struct {
+	baseState
+}
+
+type errorState struct {
+	baseState
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+package ansiterm
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+)
+
+func sliceContains(bytes []byte, b byte) bool {
+	for _, v := range bytes {
+		if v == b {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+
+	return false
+}
+
+func convertBytesToInteger(bytes []byte) int {
+	s := string(bytes)
+	i, _ := strconv.Atoi(s)
+	return i
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+
+	"github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm"
+	windows "golang.org/x/sys/windows"
+)
+
+// Windows keyboard constants
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd375731(v=vs.85).aspx.
+const (
+	VK_PRIOR    = 0x21 // PAGE UP key
+	VK_NEXT     = 0x22 // PAGE DOWN key
+	VK_END      = 0x23 // END key
+	VK_HOME     = 0x24 // HOME key
+	VK_LEFT     = 0x25 // LEFT ARROW key
+	VK_UP       = 0x26 // UP ARROW key
+	VK_RIGHT    = 0x27 // RIGHT ARROW key
+	VK_DOWN     = 0x28 // DOWN ARROW key
+	VK_SELECT   = 0x29 // SELECT key
+	VK_PRINT    = 0x2A // PRINT key
+	VK_EXECUTE  = 0x2B // EXECUTE key
+	VK_SNAPSHOT = 0x2C // PRINT SCREEN key
+	VK_INSERT   = 0x2D // INS key
+	VK_DELETE   = 0x2E // DEL key
+	VK_HELP     = 0x2F // HELP key
+	VK_F1       = 0x70 // F1 key
+	VK_F2       = 0x71 // F2 key
+	VK_F3       = 0x72 // F3 key
+	VK_F4       = 0x73 // F4 key
+	VK_F5       = 0x74 // F5 key
+	VK_F6       = 0x75 // F6 key
+	VK_F7       = 0x76 // F7 key
+	VK_F8       = 0x77 // F8 key
+	VK_F9       = 0x78 // F9 key
+	VK_F10      = 0x79 // F10 key
+	VK_F11      = 0x7A // F11 key
+	VK_F12      = 0x7B // F12 key
+
+	RIGHT_ALT_PRESSED  = 0x0001
+	LEFT_ALT_PRESSED   = 0x0002
+	RIGHT_CTRL_PRESSED = 0x0004
+	LEFT_CTRL_PRESSED  = 0x0008
+	SHIFT_PRESSED      = 0x0010
+	NUMLOCK_ON         = 0x0020
+	SCROLLLOCK_ON      = 0x0040
+	CAPSLOCK_ON        = 0x0080
+	ENHANCED_KEY       = 0x0100
+)
+
+type ansiCommand struct {
+	CommandBytes []byte
+	Command      string
+	Parameters   []string
+	IsSpecial    bool
+}
+
+func newAnsiCommand(command []byte) *ansiCommand {
+
+	if isCharacterSelectionCmdChar(command[1]) {
+		// Is Character Set Selection commands
+		return &ansiCommand{
+			CommandBytes: command,
+			Command:      string(command),
+			IsSpecial:    true,
+		}
+	}
+
+	// last char is command character
+	lastCharIndex := len(command) - 1
+
+	ac := &ansiCommand{
+		CommandBytes: command,
+		Command:      string(command[lastCharIndex]),
+		IsSpecial:    false,
+	}
+
+	// more than a single escape
+	if lastCharIndex != 0 {
+		start := 1
+		// skip if double char escape sequence
+		if command[0] == ansiterm.ANSI_ESCAPE_PRIMARY && command[1] == ansiterm.ANSI_ESCAPE_SECONDARY {
+			start++
+		}
+		// convert this to GetNextParam method
+		ac.Parameters = strings.Split(string(command[start:lastCharIndex]), ansiterm.ANSI_PARAMETER_SEP)
+	}
+
+	return ac
+}
+
+func (ac *ansiCommand) paramAsSHORT(index int, defaultValue int16) int16 {
+	if index < 0 || index >= len(ac.Parameters) {
+		return defaultValue
+	}
+
+	param, err := strconv.ParseInt(ac.Parameters[index], 10, 16)
+	if err != nil {
+		return defaultValue
+	}
+
+	return int16(param)
+}
+
+func (ac *ansiCommand) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("0x%v \"%v\" (\"%v\")",
+		bytesToHex(ac.CommandBytes),
+		ac.Command,
+		strings.Join(ac.Parameters, "\",\""))
+}
+
+// isAnsiCommandChar returns true if the passed byte falls within the range of ANSI commands.
+// See http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/intrepid/man4/console_codes.4.html.
+func isAnsiCommandChar(b byte) bool {
+	switch {
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_COMMAND_FIRST <= b && b <= ansiterm.ANSI_COMMAND_LAST && b != ansiterm.ANSI_ESCAPE_SECONDARY:
+		return true
+	case b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_G1 || b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_OSC || b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_DECPAM || b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_DECPNM:
+		// non-CSI escape sequence terminator
+		return true
+	case b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_STR_TERM || b == ansiterm.ANSI_BEL:
+		// String escape sequence terminator
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func isXtermOscSequence(command []byte, current byte) bool {
+	return (len(command) >= 2 && command[0] == ansiterm.ANSI_ESCAPE_PRIMARY && command[1] == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_OSC && current != ansiterm.ANSI_BEL)
+}
+
+func isCharacterSelectionCmdChar(b byte) bool {
+	return (b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_G0 || b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_G1 || b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_G2 || b == ansiterm.ANSI_CMD_G3)
+}
+
+// bytesToHex converts a slice of bytes to a human-readable string.
+func bytesToHex(b []byte) string {
+	hex := make([]string, len(b))
+	for i, ch := range b {
+		hex[i] = fmt.Sprintf("%X", ch)
+	}
+	return strings.Join(hex, "")
+}
+
+// ensureInRange adjusts the passed value, if necessary, to ensure it is within
+// the passed min / max range.
+func ensureInRange(n int16, min int16, max int16) int16 {
+	if n < min {
+		return min
+	} else if n > max {
+		return max
+	} else {
+		return n
+	}
+}
+
+func GetStdFile(nFile int) (*os.File, uintptr) {
+	var file *os.File
+
+	// syscall uses negative numbers
+	// windows package uses very big uint32
+	// Keep these switches split so we don't have to convert ints too much.
+	switch uint32(nFile) {
+	case windows.STD_INPUT_HANDLE:
+		file = os.Stdin
+	case windows.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE:
+		file = os.Stdout
+	case windows.STD_ERROR_HANDLE:
+		file = os.Stderr
+	default:
+		switch nFile {
+		case syscall.STD_INPUT_HANDLE:
+			file = os.Stdin
+		case syscall.STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE:
+			file = os.Stdout
+		case syscall.STD_ERROR_HANDLE:
+			file = os.Stderr
+		default:
+			panic(fmt.Errorf("Invalid standard handle identifier: %v", nFile))
+		}
+	}
+
+	fd, err := syscall.GetStdHandle(nFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("Invalid standard handle identifier: %v -- %v", nFile, err))
+	}
+
+	return file, uintptr(fd)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"syscall"
+	"unsafe"
+)
+
+//===========================================================================================================
+// IMPORTANT NOTE:
+//
+//	The methods below make extensive use of the "unsafe" package to obtain the required pointers.
+//	Beginning in Go 1.3, the garbage collector may release local variables (e.g., incoming arguments, stack
+//	variables) the pointers reference *before* the API completes.
+//
+//  As a result, in those cases, the code must hint that the variables remain in active by invoking the
+//	dummy method "use" (see below). Newer versions of Go are planned to change the mechanism to no longer
+//	require unsafe pointers.
+//
+//	If you add or modify methods, ENSURE protection of local variables through the "use" builtin to inform
+//	the garbage collector the variables remain in use if:
+//
+//	-- The value is not a pointer (e.g., int32, struct)
+//	-- The value is not referenced by the method after passing the pointer to Windows
+//
+//	See http://golang.org/doc/go1.3.
+//===========================================================================================================
+
+var (
+	kernel32DLL = syscall.NewLazyDLL("kernel32.dll")
+
+	getConsoleCursorInfoProc       = kernel32DLL.NewProc("GetConsoleCursorInfo")
+	setConsoleCursorInfoProc       = kernel32DLL.NewProc("SetConsoleCursorInfo")
+	setConsoleCursorPositionProc   = kernel32DLL.NewProc("SetConsoleCursorPosition")
+	setConsoleModeProc             = kernel32DLL.NewProc("SetConsoleMode")
+	getConsoleScreenBufferInfoProc = kernel32DLL.NewProc("GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo")
+	setConsoleScreenBufferSizeProc = kernel32DLL.NewProc("SetConsoleScreenBufferSize")
+	scrollConsoleScreenBufferProc  = kernel32DLL.NewProc("ScrollConsoleScreenBufferA")
+	setConsoleTextAttributeProc    = kernel32DLL.NewProc("SetConsoleTextAttribute")
+	setConsoleWindowInfoProc       = kernel32DLL.NewProc("SetConsoleWindowInfo")
+	writeConsoleOutputProc         = kernel32DLL.NewProc("WriteConsoleOutputW")
+	readConsoleInputProc           = kernel32DLL.NewProc("ReadConsoleInputW")
+	waitForSingleObjectProc        = kernel32DLL.NewProc("WaitForSingleObject")
+)
+
+// Windows Console constants
+const (
+	// Console modes
+	// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686033(v=vs.85).aspx.
+	ENABLE_PROCESSED_INPUT        = 0x0001
+	ENABLE_LINE_INPUT             = 0x0002
+	ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT             = 0x0004
+	ENABLE_WINDOW_INPUT           = 0x0008
+	ENABLE_MOUSE_INPUT            = 0x0010
+	ENABLE_INSERT_MODE            = 0x0020
+	ENABLE_QUICK_EDIT_MODE        = 0x0040
+	ENABLE_EXTENDED_FLAGS         = 0x0080
+	ENABLE_AUTO_POSITION          = 0x0100
+	ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_INPUT = 0x0200
+
+	ENABLE_PROCESSED_OUTPUT            = 0x0001
+	ENABLE_WRAP_AT_EOL_OUTPUT          = 0x0002
+	ENABLE_VIRTUAL_TERMINAL_PROCESSING = 0x0004
+	DISABLE_NEWLINE_AUTO_RETURN        = 0x0008
+	ENABLE_LVB_GRID_WORLDWIDE          = 0x0010
+
+	// Character attributes
+	// Note:
+	// -- The attributes are combined to produce various colors (e.g., Blue + Green will create Cyan).
+	//    Clearing all foreground or background colors results in black; setting all creates white.
+	// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms682088(v=vs.85).aspx#_win32_character_attributes.
+	FOREGROUND_BLUE      uint16 = 0x0001
+	FOREGROUND_GREEN     uint16 = 0x0002
+	FOREGROUND_RED       uint16 = 0x0004
+	FOREGROUND_INTENSITY uint16 = 0x0008
+	FOREGROUND_MASK      uint16 = 0x000F
+
+	BACKGROUND_BLUE      uint16 = 0x0010
+	BACKGROUND_GREEN     uint16 = 0x0020
+	BACKGROUND_RED       uint16 = 0x0040
+	BACKGROUND_INTENSITY uint16 = 0x0080
+	BACKGROUND_MASK      uint16 = 0x00F0
+
+	COMMON_LVB_MASK          uint16 = 0xFF00
+	COMMON_LVB_REVERSE_VIDEO uint16 = 0x4000
+	COMMON_LVB_UNDERSCORE    uint16 = 0x8000
+
+	// Input event types
+	// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms683499(v=vs.85).aspx.
+	KEY_EVENT                = 0x0001
+	MOUSE_EVENT              = 0x0002
+	WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE_EVENT = 0x0004
+	MENU_EVENT               = 0x0008
+	FOCUS_EVENT              = 0x0010
+
+	// WaitForSingleObject return codes
+	WAIT_ABANDONED = 0x00000080
+	WAIT_FAILED    = 0xFFFFFFFF
+	WAIT_SIGNALED  = 0x0000000
+	WAIT_TIMEOUT   = 0x00000102
+
+	// WaitForSingleObject wait duration
+	WAIT_INFINITE       = 0xFFFFFFFF
+	WAIT_ONE_SECOND     = 1000
+	WAIT_HALF_SECOND    = 500
+	WAIT_QUARTER_SECOND = 250
+)
+
+// Windows API Console types
+// -- See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms682101(v=vs.85).aspx for Console specific types (e.g., COORD)
+// -- See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa296569(v=vs.60).aspx for comments on alignment
+type (
+	CHAR_INFO struct {
+		UnicodeChar uint16
+		Attributes  uint16
+	}
+
+	CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO struct {
+		Size    uint32
+		Visible int32
+	}
+
+	CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO struct {
+		Size              COORD
+		CursorPosition    COORD
+		Attributes        uint16
+		Window            SMALL_RECT
+		MaximumWindowSize COORD
+	}
+
+	COORD struct {
+		X int16
+		Y int16
+	}
+
+	SMALL_RECT struct {
+		Left   int16
+		Top    int16
+		Right  int16
+		Bottom int16
+	}
+
+	// INPUT_RECORD is a C/C++ union of which KEY_EVENT_RECORD is one case, it is also the largest
+	// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms683499(v=vs.85).aspx.
+	INPUT_RECORD struct {
+		EventType uint16
+		KeyEvent  KEY_EVENT_RECORD
+	}
+
+	KEY_EVENT_RECORD struct {
+		KeyDown         int32
+		RepeatCount     uint16
+		VirtualKeyCode  uint16
+		VirtualScanCode uint16
+		UnicodeChar     uint16
+		ControlKeyState uint32
+	}
+
+	WINDOW_BUFFER_SIZE struct {
+		Size COORD
+	}
+)
+
+// boolToBOOL converts a Go bool into a Windows int32.
+func boolToBOOL(f bool) int32 {
+	if f {
+		return int32(1)
+	} else {
+		return int32(0)
+	}
+}
+
+// GetConsoleCursorInfo retrieves information about the size and visiblity of the console cursor.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms683163(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func GetConsoleCursorInfo(handle uintptr, cursorInfo *CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO) error {
+	r1, r2, err := getConsoleCursorInfoProc.Call(handle, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(cursorInfo)), 0)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// SetConsoleCursorInfo sets the size and visiblity of the console cursor.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686019(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func SetConsoleCursorInfo(handle uintptr, cursorInfo *CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO) error {
+	r1, r2, err := setConsoleCursorInfoProc.Call(handle, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(cursorInfo)), 0)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// SetConsoleCursorPosition location of the console cursor.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686025(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func SetConsoleCursorPosition(handle uintptr, coord COORD) error {
+	r1, r2, err := setConsoleCursorPositionProc.Call(handle, coordToPointer(coord))
+	use(coord)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// GetConsoleMode gets the console mode for given file descriptor
+// See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms683167(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func GetConsoleMode(handle uintptr) (mode uint32, err error) {
+	err = syscall.GetConsoleMode(syscall.Handle(handle), &mode)
+	return mode, err
+}
+
+// SetConsoleMode sets the console mode for given file descriptor
+// See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686033(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func SetConsoleMode(handle uintptr, mode uint32) error {
+	r1, r2, err := setConsoleModeProc.Call(handle, uintptr(mode), 0)
+	use(mode)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo retrieves information about the specified console screen buffer.
+// See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms683171(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(handle uintptr) (*CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO, error) {
+	info := CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO{}
+	err := checkError(getConsoleScreenBufferInfoProc.Call(handle, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&info)), 0))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &info, nil
+}
+
+func ScrollConsoleScreenBuffer(handle uintptr, scrollRect SMALL_RECT, clipRect SMALL_RECT, destOrigin COORD, char CHAR_INFO) error {
+	r1, r2, err := scrollConsoleScreenBufferProc.Call(handle, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&scrollRect)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&clipRect)), coordToPointer(destOrigin), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&char)))
+	use(scrollRect)
+	use(clipRect)
+	use(destOrigin)
+	use(char)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// SetConsoleScreenBufferSize sets the size of the console screen buffer.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686044(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func SetConsoleScreenBufferSize(handle uintptr, coord COORD) error {
+	r1, r2, err := setConsoleScreenBufferSizeProc.Call(handle, coordToPointer(coord))
+	use(coord)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// SetConsoleTextAttribute sets the attributes of characters written to the
+// console screen buffer by the WriteFile or WriteConsole function.
+// See http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686047(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle uintptr, attribute uint16) error {
+	r1, r2, err := setConsoleTextAttributeProc.Call(handle, uintptr(attribute), 0)
+	use(attribute)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// SetConsoleWindowInfo sets the size and position of the console screen buffer's window.
+// Note that the size and location must be within and no larger than the backing console screen buffer.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms686125(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func SetConsoleWindowInfo(handle uintptr, isAbsolute bool, rect SMALL_RECT) error {
+	r1, r2, err := setConsoleWindowInfoProc.Call(handle, uintptr(boolToBOOL(isAbsolute)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&rect)))
+	use(isAbsolute)
+	use(rect)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// WriteConsoleOutput writes the CHAR_INFOs from the provided buffer to the active console buffer.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms687404(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func WriteConsoleOutput(handle uintptr, buffer []CHAR_INFO, bufferSize COORD, bufferCoord COORD, writeRegion *SMALL_RECT) error {
+	r1, r2, err := writeConsoleOutputProc.Call(handle, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&buffer[0])), coordToPointer(bufferSize), coordToPointer(bufferCoord), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(writeRegion)))
+	use(buffer)
+	use(bufferSize)
+	use(bufferCoord)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// ReadConsoleInput reads (and removes) data from the console input buffer.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684961(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func ReadConsoleInput(handle uintptr, buffer []INPUT_RECORD, count *uint32) error {
+	r1, r2, err := readConsoleInputProc.Call(handle, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&buffer[0])), uintptr(len(buffer)), uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(count)))
+	use(buffer)
+	return checkError(r1, r2, err)
+}
+
+// WaitForSingleObject waits for the passed handle to be signaled.
+// It returns true if the handle was signaled; false otherwise.
+// See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms687032(v=vs.85).aspx.
+func WaitForSingleObject(handle uintptr, msWait uint32) (bool, error) {
+	r1, _, err := waitForSingleObjectProc.Call(handle, uintptr(uint32(msWait)))
+	switch r1 {
+	case WAIT_ABANDONED, WAIT_TIMEOUT:
+		return false, nil
+	case WAIT_SIGNALED:
+		return true, nil
+	}
+	use(msWait)
+	return false, err
+}
+
+// String helpers
+func (info CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Size(%v) Cursor(%v) Window(%v) Max(%v)", info.Size, info.CursorPosition, info.Window, info.MaximumWindowSize)
+}
+
+func (coord COORD) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%v,%v", coord.X, coord.Y)
+}
+
+func (rect SMALL_RECT) String() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("(%v,%v),(%v,%v)", rect.Left, rect.Top, rect.Right, rect.Bottom)
+}
+
+// checkError evaluates the results of a Windows API call and returns the error if it failed.
+func checkError(r1, r2 uintptr, err error) error {
+	// Windows APIs return non-zero to indicate success
+	if r1 != 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// Return the error if provided, otherwise default to EINVAL
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return syscall.EINVAL
+}
+
+// coordToPointer converts a COORD into a uintptr (by fooling the type system).
+func coordToPointer(c COORD) uintptr {
+	// Note: This code assumes the two SHORTs are correctly laid out; the "cast" to uint32 is just to get a pointer to pass.
+	return uintptr(*((*uint32)(unsafe.Pointer(&c))))
+}
+
+// use is a no-op, but the compiler cannot see that it is.
+// Calling use(p) ensures that p is kept live until that point.
+func use(p interface{}) {}
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+import "github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm"
+
+const (
+	FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK = FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE
+	BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK = BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE
+)
+
+// collectAnsiIntoWindowsAttributes modifies the passed Windows text mode flags to reflect the
+// request represented by the passed ANSI mode.
+func collectAnsiIntoWindowsAttributes(windowsMode uint16, inverted bool, baseMode uint16, ansiMode int16) (uint16, bool) {
+	switch ansiMode {
+
+	// Mode styles
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BOLD:
+		windowsMode = windowsMode | FOREGROUND_INTENSITY
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_DIM, ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BOLD_DIM_OFF:
+		windowsMode &^= FOREGROUND_INTENSITY
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_UNDERLINE:
+		windowsMode = windowsMode | COMMON_LVB_UNDERSCORE
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_REVERSE:
+		inverted = true
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_REVERSE_OFF:
+		inverted = false
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_UNDERLINE_OFF:
+		windowsMode &^= COMMON_LVB_UNDERSCORE
+
+		// Foreground colors
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_DEFAULT:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_MASK) | (baseMode & FOREGROUND_MASK)
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_BLACK:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK)
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_RED:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | FOREGROUND_RED
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_GREEN:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | FOREGROUND_GREEN
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_YELLOW:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_BLUE:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | FOREGROUND_BLUE
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_MAGENTA:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_BLUE
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_CYAN:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_FOREGROUND_WHITE:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ FOREGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | FOREGROUND_RED | FOREGROUND_GREEN | FOREGROUND_BLUE
+
+		// Background colors
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_DEFAULT:
+		// Black with no intensity
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_MASK) | (baseMode & BACKGROUND_MASK)
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_BLACK:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK)
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_RED:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | BACKGROUND_RED
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_GREEN:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | BACKGROUND_GREEN
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_YELLOW:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_BLUE:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | BACKGROUND_BLUE
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_MAGENTA:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_BLUE
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_CYAN:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_BACKGROUND_WHITE:
+		windowsMode = (windowsMode &^ BACKGROUND_COLOR_MASK) | BACKGROUND_RED | BACKGROUND_GREEN | BACKGROUND_BLUE
+	}
+
+	return windowsMode, inverted
+}
+
+// invertAttributes inverts the foreground and background colors of a Windows attributes value
+func invertAttributes(windowsMode uint16) uint16 {
+	return (COMMON_LVB_MASK & windowsMode) | ((FOREGROUND_MASK & windowsMode) << 4) | ((BACKGROUND_MASK & windowsMode) >> 4)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+const (
+	horizontal = iota
+	vertical
+)
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) getCursorWindow(info *CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO) SMALL_RECT {
+	if h.originMode {
+		sr := h.effectiveSr(info.Window)
+		return SMALL_RECT{
+			Top:    sr.top,
+			Bottom: sr.bottom,
+			Left:   0,
+			Right:  info.Size.X - 1,
+		}
+	} else {
+		return SMALL_RECT{
+			Top:    info.Window.Top,
+			Bottom: info.Window.Bottom,
+			Left:   0,
+			Right:  info.Size.X - 1,
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// setCursorPosition sets the cursor to the specified position, bounded to the screen size
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) setCursorPosition(position COORD, window SMALL_RECT) error {
+	position.X = ensureInRange(position.X, window.Left, window.Right)
+	position.Y = ensureInRange(position.Y, window.Top, window.Bottom)
+	err := SetConsoleCursorPosition(h.fd, position)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("Cursor position set: (%d, %d)", position.X, position.Y)
+	return err
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) moveCursorVertical(param int) error {
+	return h.moveCursor(vertical, param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) moveCursorHorizontal(param int) error {
+	return h.moveCursor(horizontal, param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) moveCursor(moveMode int, param int) error {
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	position := info.CursorPosition
+	switch moveMode {
+	case horizontal:
+		position.X += int16(param)
+	case vertical:
+		position.Y += int16(param)
+	}
+
+	if err = h.setCursorPosition(position, h.getCursorWindow(info)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) moveCursorLine(param int) error {
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	position := info.CursorPosition
+	position.X = 0
+	position.Y += int16(param)
+
+	if err = h.setCursorPosition(position, h.getCursorWindow(info)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) moveCursorColumn(param int) error {
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	position := info.CursorPosition
+	position.X = int16(param) - 1
+
+	if err = h.setCursorPosition(position, h.getCursorWindow(info)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+import "github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm"
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) clearRange(attributes uint16, fromCoord COORD, toCoord COORD) error {
+	// Ignore an invalid (negative area) request
+	if toCoord.Y < fromCoord.Y {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	var err error
+
+	var coordStart = COORD{}
+	var coordEnd = COORD{}
+
+	xCurrent, yCurrent := fromCoord.X, fromCoord.Y
+	xEnd, yEnd := toCoord.X, toCoord.Y
+
+	// Clear any partial initial line
+	if xCurrent > 0 {
+		coordStart.X, coordStart.Y = xCurrent, yCurrent
+		coordEnd.X, coordEnd.Y = xEnd, yCurrent
+
+		err = h.clearRect(attributes, coordStart, coordEnd)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		xCurrent = 0
+		yCurrent += 1
+	}
+
+	// Clear intervening rectangular section
+	if yCurrent < yEnd {
+		coordStart.X, coordStart.Y = xCurrent, yCurrent
+		coordEnd.X, coordEnd.Y = xEnd, yEnd-1
+
+		err = h.clearRect(attributes, coordStart, coordEnd)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		xCurrent = 0
+		yCurrent = yEnd
+	}
+
+	// Clear remaining partial ending line
+	coordStart.X, coordStart.Y = xCurrent, yCurrent
+	coordEnd.X, coordEnd.Y = xEnd, yEnd
+
+	err = h.clearRect(attributes, coordStart, coordEnd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) clearRect(attributes uint16, fromCoord COORD, toCoord COORD) error {
+	region := SMALL_RECT{Top: fromCoord.Y, Left: fromCoord.X, Bottom: toCoord.Y, Right: toCoord.X}
+	width := toCoord.X - fromCoord.X + 1
+	height := toCoord.Y - fromCoord.Y + 1
+	size := uint32(width) * uint32(height)
+
+	if size <= 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	buffer := make([]CHAR_INFO, size)
+
+	char := CHAR_INFO{ansiterm.FILL_CHARACTER, attributes}
+	for i := 0; i < int(size); i++ {
+		buffer[i] = char
+	}
+
+	err := WriteConsoleOutput(h.fd, buffer, COORD{X: width, Y: height}, COORD{X: 0, Y: 0}, &region)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+// effectiveSr gets the current effective scroll region in buffer coordinates
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) effectiveSr(window SMALL_RECT) scrollRegion {
+	top := addInRange(window.Top, h.sr.top, window.Top, window.Bottom)
+	bottom := addInRange(window.Top, h.sr.bottom, window.Top, window.Bottom)
+	if top >= bottom {
+		top = window.Top
+		bottom = window.Bottom
+	}
+	return scrollRegion{top: top, bottom: bottom}
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) scrollUp(param int) error {
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	sr := h.effectiveSr(info.Window)
+	return h.scroll(param, sr, info)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) scrollDown(param int) error {
+	return h.scrollUp(-param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) deleteLines(param int) error {
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	start := info.CursorPosition.Y
+	sr := h.effectiveSr(info.Window)
+	// Lines cannot be inserted or deleted outside the scrolling region.
+	if start >= sr.top && start <= sr.bottom {
+		sr.top = start
+		return h.scroll(param, sr, info)
+	} else {
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) insertLines(param int) error {
+	return h.deleteLines(-param)
+}
+
+// scroll scrolls the provided scroll region by param lines. The scroll region is in buffer coordinates.
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) scroll(param int, sr scrollRegion, info *CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO) error {
+	h.logf("scroll: scrollTop: %d, scrollBottom: %d", sr.top, sr.bottom)
+	h.logf("scroll: windowTop: %d, windowBottom: %d", info.Window.Top, info.Window.Bottom)
+
+	// Copy from and clip to the scroll region (full buffer width)
+	scrollRect := SMALL_RECT{
+		Top:    sr.top,
+		Bottom: sr.bottom,
+		Left:   0,
+		Right:  info.Size.X - 1,
+	}
+
+	// Origin to which area should be copied
+	destOrigin := COORD{
+		X: 0,
+		Y: sr.top - int16(param),
+	}
+
+	char := CHAR_INFO{
+		UnicodeChar: ' ',
+		Attributes:  h.attributes,
+	}
+
+	if err := ScrollConsoleScreenBuffer(h.fd, scrollRect, scrollRect, destOrigin, char); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) deleteCharacters(param int) error {
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return h.scrollLine(param, info.CursorPosition, info)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) insertCharacters(param int) error {
+	return h.deleteCharacters(-param)
+}
+
+// scrollLine scrolls a line horizontally starting at the provided position by a number of columns.
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) scrollLine(columns int, position COORD, info *CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO) error {
+	// Copy from and clip to the scroll region (full buffer width)
+	scrollRect := SMALL_RECT{
+		Top:    position.Y,
+		Bottom: position.Y,
+		Left:   position.X,
+		Right:  info.Size.X - 1,
+	}
+
+	// Origin to which area should be copied
+	destOrigin := COORD{
+		X: position.X - int16(columns),
+		Y: position.Y,
+	}
+
+	char := CHAR_INFO{
+		UnicodeChar: ' ',
+		Attributes:  h.attributes,
+	}
+
+	if err := ScrollConsoleScreenBuffer(h.fd, scrollRect, scrollRect, destOrigin, char); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+// AddInRange increments a value by the passed quantity while ensuring the values
+// always remain within the supplied min / max range.
+func addInRange(n int16, increment int16, min int16, max int16) int16 {
+	return ensureInRange(n+increment, min, max)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,743 @@
+// +build windows
+
+package winterm
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm"
+)
+
+type windowsAnsiEventHandler struct {
+	fd             uintptr
+	file           *os.File
+	infoReset      *CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO
+	sr             scrollRegion
+	buffer         bytes.Buffer
+	attributes     uint16
+	inverted       bool
+	wrapNext       bool
+	drewMarginByte bool
+	originMode     bool
+	marginByte     byte
+	curInfo        *CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO
+	curPos         COORD
+	logf           func(string, ...interface{})
+}
+
+type Option func(*windowsAnsiEventHandler)
+
+func WithLogf(f func(string, ...interface{})) Option {
+	return func(w *windowsAnsiEventHandler) {
+		w.logf = f
+	}
+}
+
+func CreateWinEventHandler(fd uintptr, file *os.File, opts ...Option) ansiterm.AnsiEventHandler {
+	infoReset, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	h := &windowsAnsiEventHandler{
+		fd:         fd,
+		file:       file,
+		infoReset:  infoReset,
+		attributes: infoReset.Attributes,
+	}
+	for _, o := range opts {
+		o(h)
+	}
+
+	if isDebugEnv := os.Getenv(ansiterm.LogEnv); isDebugEnv == "1" {
+		logFile, _ := os.Create("winEventHandler.log")
+		logger := log.New(logFile, "", log.LstdFlags)
+		if h.logf != nil {
+			l := h.logf
+			h.logf = func(s string, v ...interface{}) {
+				l(s, v...)
+				logger.Printf(s, v...)
+			}
+		} else {
+			h.logf = logger.Printf
+		}
+	}
+
+	if h.logf == nil {
+		h.logf = func(string, ...interface{}) {}
+	}
+
+	return h
+}
+
+type scrollRegion struct {
+	top    int16
+	bottom int16
+}
+
+// simulateLF simulates a LF or CR+LF by scrolling if necessary to handle the
+// current cursor position and scroll region settings, in which case it returns
+// true. If no special handling is necessary, then it does nothing and returns
+// false.
+//
+// In the false case, the caller should ensure that a carriage return
+// and line feed are inserted or that the text is otherwise wrapped.
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) simulateLF(includeCR bool) (bool, error) {
+	if h.wrapNext {
+		if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		h.clearWrap()
+	}
+	pos, info, err := h.getCurrentInfo()
+	if err != nil {
+		return false, err
+	}
+	sr := h.effectiveSr(info.Window)
+	if pos.Y == sr.bottom {
+		// Scrolling is necessary. Let Windows automatically scroll if the scrolling region
+		// is the full window.
+		if sr.top == info.Window.Top && sr.bottom == info.Window.Bottom {
+			if includeCR {
+				pos.X = 0
+				h.updatePos(pos)
+			}
+			return false, nil
+		}
+
+		// A custom scroll region is active. Scroll the window manually to simulate
+		// the LF.
+		if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		h.logf("Simulating LF inside scroll region")
+		if err := h.scrollUp(1); err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+		if includeCR {
+			pos.X = 0
+			if err := SetConsoleCursorPosition(h.fd, pos); err != nil {
+				return false, err
+			}
+		}
+		return true, nil
+
+	} else if pos.Y < info.Window.Bottom {
+		// Let Windows handle the LF.
+		pos.Y++
+		if includeCR {
+			pos.X = 0
+		}
+		h.updatePos(pos)
+		return false, nil
+	} else {
+		// The cursor is at the bottom of the screen but outside the scroll
+		// region. Skip the LF.
+		h.logf("Simulating LF outside scroll region")
+		if includeCR {
+			if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+				return false, err
+			}
+			pos.X = 0
+			if err := SetConsoleCursorPosition(h.fd, pos); err != nil {
+				return false, err
+			}
+		}
+		return true, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// executeLF executes a LF without a CR.
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) executeLF() error {
+	handled, err := h.simulateLF(false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !handled {
+		// Windows LF will reset the cursor column position. Write the LF
+		// and restore the cursor position.
+		pos, _, err := h.getCurrentInfo()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		h.buffer.WriteByte(ansiterm.ANSI_LINE_FEED)
+		if pos.X != 0 {
+			if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			h.logf("Resetting cursor position for LF without CR")
+			if err := SetConsoleCursorPosition(h.fd, pos); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) Print(b byte) error {
+	if h.wrapNext {
+		h.buffer.WriteByte(h.marginByte)
+		h.clearWrap()
+		if _, err := h.simulateLF(true); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	pos, info, err := h.getCurrentInfo()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if pos.X == info.Size.X-1 {
+		h.wrapNext = true
+		h.marginByte = b
+	} else {
+		pos.X++
+		h.updatePos(pos)
+		h.buffer.WriteByte(b)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) Execute(b byte) error {
+	switch b {
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_TAB:
+		h.logf("Execute(TAB)")
+		// Move to the next tab stop, but preserve auto-wrap if already set.
+		if !h.wrapNext {
+			pos, info, err := h.getCurrentInfo()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			pos.X = (pos.X + 8) - pos.X%8
+			if pos.X >= info.Size.X {
+				pos.X = info.Size.X - 1
+			}
+			if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if err := SetConsoleCursorPosition(h.fd, pos); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_BEL:
+		h.buffer.WriteByte(ansiterm.ANSI_BEL)
+		return nil
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_BACKSPACE:
+		if h.wrapNext {
+			if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			h.clearWrap()
+		}
+		pos, _, err := h.getCurrentInfo()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if pos.X > 0 {
+			pos.X--
+			h.updatePos(pos)
+			h.buffer.WriteByte(ansiterm.ANSI_BACKSPACE)
+		}
+		return nil
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_VERTICAL_TAB, ansiterm.ANSI_FORM_FEED:
+		// Treat as true LF.
+		return h.executeLF()
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_LINE_FEED:
+		// Simulate a CR and LF for now since there is no way in go-ansiterm
+		// to tell if the LF should include CR (and more things break when it's
+		// missing than when it's incorrectly added).
+		handled, err := h.simulateLF(true)
+		if handled || err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return h.buffer.WriteByte(ansiterm.ANSI_LINE_FEED)
+
+	case ansiterm.ANSI_CARRIAGE_RETURN:
+		if h.wrapNext {
+			if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			h.clearWrap()
+		}
+		pos, _, err := h.getCurrentInfo()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if pos.X != 0 {
+			pos.X = 0
+			h.updatePos(pos)
+			h.buffer.WriteByte(ansiterm.ANSI_CARRIAGE_RETURN)
+		}
+		return nil
+
+	default:
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CUU(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CUU: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.moveCursorVertical(-param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CUD(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CUD: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.moveCursorVertical(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CUF(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CUF: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.moveCursorHorizontal(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CUB(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CUB: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.moveCursorHorizontal(-param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CNL(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CNL: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.moveCursorLine(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CPL(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CPL: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.moveCursorLine(-param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CHA(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CHA: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.moveCursorColumn(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) VPA(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("VPA: [[%d]]", param)
+	h.clearWrap()
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	window := h.getCursorWindow(info)
+	position := info.CursorPosition
+	position.Y = window.Top + int16(param) - 1
+	return h.setCursorPosition(position, window)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) CUP(row int, col int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("CUP: [[%d %d]]", row, col)
+	h.clearWrap()
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	window := h.getCursorWindow(info)
+	position := COORD{window.Left + int16(col) - 1, window.Top + int16(row) - 1}
+	return h.setCursorPosition(position, window)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) HVP(row int, col int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("HVP: [[%d %d]]", row, col)
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.CUP(row, col)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) DECTCEM(visible bool) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("DECTCEM: [%v]", []string{strconv.FormatBool(visible)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) DECOM(enable bool) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("DECOM: [%v]", []string{strconv.FormatBool(enable)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	h.originMode = enable
+	return h.CUP(1, 1)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) DECCOLM(use132 bool) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("DECCOLM: [%v]", []string{strconv.FormatBool(use132)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	if err := h.ED(2); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	targetWidth := int16(80)
+	if use132 {
+		targetWidth = 132
+	}
+	if info.Size.X < targetWidth {
+		if err := SetConsoleScreenBufferSize(h.fd, COORD{targetWidth, info.Size.Y}); err != nil {
+			h.logf("set buffer failed: %v", err)
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	window := info.Window
+	window.Left = 0
+	window.Right = targetWidth - 1
+	if err := SetConsoleWindowInfo(h.fd, true, window); err != nil {
+		h.logf("set window failed: %v", err)
+		return err
+	}
+	if info.Size.X > targetWidth {
+		if err := SetConsoleScreenBufferSize(h.fd, COORD{targetWidth, info.Size.Y}); err != nil {
+			h.logf("set buffer failed: %v", err)
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return SetConsoleCursorPosition(h.fd, COORD{0, 0})
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) ED(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("ED: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+
+	// [J  -- Erases from the cursor to the end of the screen, including the cursor position.
+	// [1J -- Erases from the beginning of the screen to the cursor, including the cursor position.
+	// [2J -- Erases the complete display. The cursor does not move.
+	// Notes:
+	// -- Clearing the entire buffer, versus just the Window, works best for Windows Consoles
+
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var start COORD
+	var end COORD
+
+	switch param {
+	case 0:
+		start = info.CursorPosition
+		end = COORD{info.Size.X - 1, info.Size.Y - 1}
+
+	case 1:
+		start = COORD{0, 0}
+		end = info.CursorPosition
+
+	case 2:
+		start = COORD{0, 0}
+		end = COORD{info.Size.X - 1, info.Size.Y - 1}
+	}
+
+	err = h.clearRange(h.attributes, start, end)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// If the whole buffer was cleared, move the window to the top while preserving
+	// the window-relative cursor position.
+	if param == 2 {
+		pos := info.CursorPosition
+		window := info.Window
+		pos.Y -= window.Top
+		window.Bottom -= window.Top
+		window.Top = 0
+		if err := SetConsoleCursorPosition(h.fd, pos); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := SetConsoleWindowInfo(h.fd, true, window); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) EL(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("EL: [%v]", strconv.Itoa(param))
+	h.clearWrap()
+
+	// [K  -- Erases from the cursor to the end of the line, including the cursor position.
+	// [1K -- Erases from the beginning of the line to the cursor, including the cursor position.
+	// [2K -- Erases the complete line.
+
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	var start COORD
+	var end COORD
+
+	switch param {
+	case 0:
+		start = info.CursorPosition
+		end = COORD{info.Size.X, info.CursorPosition.Y}
+
+	case 1:
+		start = COORD{0, info.CursorPosition.Y}
+		end = info.CursorPosition
+
+	case 2:
+		start = COORD{0, info.CursorPosition.Y}
+		end = COORD{info.Size.X, info.CursorPosition.Y}
+	}
+
+	err = h.clearRange(h.attributes, start, end)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) IL(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("IL: [%v]", strconv.Itoa(param))
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.insertLines(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) DL(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("DL: [%v]", strconv.Itoa(param))
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.deleteLines(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) ICH(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("ICH: [%v]", strconv.Itoa(param))
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.insertCharacters(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) DCH(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("DCH: [%v]", strconv.Itoa(param))
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.deleteCharacters(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) SGR(params []int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	strings := []string{}
+	for _, v := range params {
+		strings = append(strings, strconv.Itoa(v))
+	}
+
+	h.logf("SGR: [%v]", strings)
+
+	if len(params) <= 0 {
+		h.attributes = h.infoReset.Attributes
+		h.inverted = false
+	} else {
+		for _, attr := range params {
+
+			if attr == ansiterm.ANSI_SGR_RESET {
+				h.attributes = h.infoReset.Attributes
+				h.inverted = false
+				continue
+			}
+
+			h.attributes, h.inverted = collectAnsiIntoWindowsAttributes(h.attributes, h.inverted, h.infoReset.Attributes, int16(attr))
+		}
+	}
+
+	attributes := h.attributes
+	if h.inverted {
+		attributes = invertAttributes(attributes)
+	}
+	err := SetConsoleTextAttribute(h.fd, attributes)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) SU(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("SU: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.scrollUp(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) SD(param int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("SD: [%v]", []string{strconv.Itoa(param)})
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.scrollDown(param)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) DA(params []string) error {
+	h.logf("DA: [%v]", params)
+	// DA cannot be implemented because it must send data on the VT100 input stream,
+	// which is not available to go-ansiterm.
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) DECSTBM(top int, bottom int) error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("DECSTBM: [%d, %d]", top, bottom)
+
+	// Windows is 0 indexed, Linux is 1 indexed
+	h.sr.top = int16(top - 1)
+	h.sr.bottom = int16(bottom - 1)
+
+	// This command also moves the cursor to the origin.
+	h.clearWrap()
+	return h.CUP(1, 1)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) RI() error {
+	if err := h.Flush(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	h.logf("RI: []")
+	h.clearWrap()
+
+	info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	sr := h.effectiveSr(info.Window)
+	if info.CursorPosition.Y == sr.top {
+		return h.scrollDown(1)
+	}
+
+	return h.moveCursorVertical(-1)
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) IND() error {
+	h.logf("IND: []")
+	return h.executeLF()
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) Flush() error {
+	h.curInfo = nil
+	if h.buffer.Len() > 0 {
+		h.logf("Flush: [%s]", h.buffer.Bytes())
+		if _, err := h.buffer.WriteTo(h.file); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	if h.wrapNext && !h.drewMarginByte {
+		h.logf("Flush: drawing margin byte '%c'", h.marginByte)
+
+		info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		charInfo := []CHAR_INFO{{UnicodeChar: uint16(h.marginByte), Attributes: info.Attributes}}
+		size := COORD{1, 1}
+		position := COORD{0, 0}
+		region := SMALL_RECT{Left: info.CursorPosition.X, Top: info.CursorPosition.Y, Right: info.CursorPosition.X, Bottom: info.CursorPosition.Y}
+		if err := WriteConsoleOutput(h.fd, charInfo, size, position, &region); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		h.drewMarginByte = true
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// cacheConsoleInfo ensures that the current console screen information has been queried
+// since the last call to Flush(). It must be called before accessing h.curInfo or h.curPos.
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) getCurrentInfo() (COORD, *CONSOLE_SCREEN_BUFFER_INFO, error) {
+	if h.curInfo == nil {
+		info, err := GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo(h.fd)
+		if err != nil {
+			return COORD{}, nil, err
+		}
+		h.curInfo = info
+		h.curPos = info.CursorPosition
+	}
+	return h.curPos, h.curInfo, nil
+}
+
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) updatePos(pos COORD) {
+	if h.curInfo == nil {
+		panic("failed to call getCurrentInfo before calling updatePos")
+	}
+	h.curPos = pos
+}
+
+// clearWrap clears the state where the cursor is in the margin
+// waiting for the next character before wrapping the line. This must
+// be done before most operations that act on the cursor.
+func (h *windowsAnsiEventHandler) clearWrap() {
+	h.wrapNext = false
+	h.drewMarginByte = false
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2014-2019 TSUYUSATO Kitsune
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# heredoc
+
+[![Build Status](https://circleci.com/gh/MakeNowJust/heredoc.svg?style=svg)](https://circleci.com/gh/MakeNowJust/heredoc) [![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/MakeNowJusti/heredoc?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc)
+
+## About
+
+Package heredoc provides the here-document with keeping indent.
+
+## Install
+
+```console
+$ go get github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc
+```
+
+## Import
+
+```go
+// usual
+import "github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc"
+```
+
+## Example
+
+```go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	fmt.Println(heredoc.Doc(`
+		Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
+		sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
+		aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, ...
+	`))
+	// Output:
+	// Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit,
+	// sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna
+	// aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, ...
+	//
+}
+```
+
+## API Document
+
+ - [heredoc - GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/MakeNowJust/heredoc)
+
+## License
+
+This software is released under the MIT License, see LICENSE.
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2014-2019 TSUYUSATO Kitsune
+// This software is released under the MIT License.
+// http://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php
+
+// Package heredoc provides creation of here-documents from raw strings.
+//
+// Golang supports raw-string syntax.
+//
+//     doc := `
+//     	Foo
+//     	Bar
+//     `
+//
+// But raw-string cannot recognize indentation. Thus such content is an indented string, equivalent to
+//
+//     "\n\tFoo\n\tBar\n"
+//
+// I dont't want this!
+//
+// However this problem is solved by package heredoc.
+//
+//     doc := heredoc.Doc(`
+//     	Foo
+//     	Bar
+//     `)
+//
+// Is equivalent to
+//
+//     "Foo\nBar\n"
+package heredoc
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+const maxInt = int(^uint(0) >> 1)
+
+// Doc returns un-indented string as here-document.
+func Doc(raw string) string {
+	skipFirstLine := false
+	if len(raw) > 0 && raw[0] == '\n' {
+		raw = raw[1:]
+	} else {
+		skipFirstLine = true
+	}
+
+	lines := strings.Split(raw, "\n")
+
+	minIndentSize := getMinIndent(lines, skipFirstLine)
+	lines = removeIndentation(lines, minIndentSize, skipFirstLine)
+
+	return strings.Join(lines, "\n")
+}
+
+// getMinIndent calculates the minimum indentation in lines, excluding empty lines.
+func getMinIndent(lines []string, skipFirstLine bool) int {
+	minIndentSize := maxInt
+
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		if i == 0 && skipFirstLine {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		indentSize := 0
+		for _, r := range []rune(line) {
+			if unicode.IsSpace(r) {
+				indentSize += 1
+			} else {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if len(line) == indentSize {
+			if i == len(lines)-1 && indentSize < minIndentSize {
+				lines[i] = ""
+			}
+		} else if indentSize < minIndentSize {
+			minIndentSize = indentSize
+		}
+	}
+	return minIndentSize
+}
+
+// removeIndentation removes n characters from the front of each line in lines.
+// Skips first line if skipFirstLine is true, skips empty lines.
+func removeIndentation(lines []string, n int, skipFirstLine bool) []string {
+	for i, line := range lines {
+		if i == 0 && skipFirstLine {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if len(lines[i]) >= n {
+			lines[i] = line[n:]
+		}
+	}
+	return lines
+}
+
+// Docf returns unindented and formatted string as here-document.
+// Formatting is done as for fmt.Printf().
+func Docf(raw string, args ...interface{}) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf(Doc(raw), args...)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+The MIT License
+
+Copyright (c) 2014 Benedikt Lang <github at benediktlang.de>
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
+THE SOFTWARE.
+
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package semver
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+)
+
+// MarshalJSON implements the encoding/json.Marshaler interface.
+func (v Version) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.Marshal(v.String())
+}
+
+// UnmarshalJSON implements the encoding/json.Unmarshaler interface.
+func (v *Version) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) (err error) {
+	var versionString string
+
+	if err = json.Unmarshal(data, &versionString); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	*v, err = Parse(versionString)
+
+	return
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+package semver
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+type wildcardType int
+
+const (
+	noneWildcard  wildcardType = iota
+	majorWildcard wildcardType = 1
+	minorWildcard wildcardType = 2
+	patchWildcard wildcardType = 3
+)
+
+func wildcardTypefromInt(i int) wildcardType {
+	switch i {
+	case 1:
+		return majorWildcard
+	case 2:
+		return minorWildcard
+	case 3:
+		return patchWildcard
+	default:
+		return noneWildcard
+	}
+}
+
+type comparator func(Version, Version) bool
+
+var (
+	compEQ comparator = func(v1 Version, v2 Version) bool {
+		return v1.Compare(v2) == 0
+	}
+	compNE = func(v1 Version, v2 Version) bool {
+		return v1.Compare(v2) != 0
+	}
+	compGT = func(v1 Version, v2 Version) bool {
+		return v1.Compare(v2) == 1
+	}
+	compGE = func(v1 Version, v2 Version) bool {
+		return v1.Compare(v2) >= 0
+	}
+	compLT = func(v1 Version, v2 Version) bool {
+		return v1.Compare(v2) == -1
+	}
+	compLE = func(v1 Version, v2 Version) bool {
+		return v1.Compare(v2) <= 0
+	}
+)
+
+type versionRange struct {
+	v Version
+	c comparator
+}
+
+// rangeFunc creates a Range from the given versionRange.
+func (vr *versionRange) rangeFunc() Range {
+	return Range(func(v Version) bool {
+		return vr.c(v, vr.v)
+	})
+}
+
+// Range represents a range of versions.
+// A Range can be used to check if a Version satisfies it:
+//
+//     range, err := semver.ParseRange(">1.0.0 <2.0.0")
+//     range(semver.MustParse("1.1.1") // returns true
+type Range func(Version) bool
+
+// OR combines the existing Range with another Range using logical OR.
+func (rf Range) OR(f Range) Range {
+	return Range(func(v Version) bool {
+		return rf(v) || f(v)
+	})
+}
+
+// AND combines the existing Range with another Range using logical AND.
+func (rf Range) AND(f Range) Range {
+	return Range(func(v Version) bool {
+		return rf(v) && f(v)
+	})
+}
+
+// ParseRange parses a range and returns a Range.
+// If the range could not be parsed an error is returned.
+//
+// Valid ranges are:
+//   - "<1.0.0"
+//   - "<=1.0.0"
+//   - ">1.0.0"
+//   - ">=1.0.0"
+//   - "1.0.0", "=1.0.0", "==1.0.0"
+//   - "!1.0.0", "!=1.0.0"
+//
+// A Range can consist of multiple ranges separated by space:
+// Ranges can be linked by logical AND:
+//   - ">1.0.0 <2.0.0" would match between both ranges, so "1.1.1" and "1.8.7" but not "1.0.0" or "2.0.0"
+//   - ">1.0.0 <3.0.0 !2.0.3-beta.2" would match every version between 1.0.0 and 3.0.0 except 2.0.3-beta.2
+//
+// Ranges can also be linked by logical OR:
+//   - "<2.0.0 || >=3.0.0" would match "1.x.x" and "3.x.x" but not "2.x.x"
+//
+// AND has a higher precedence than OR. It's not possible to use brackets.
+//
+// Ranges can be combined by both AND and OR
+//
+//  - `>1.0.0 <2.0.0 || >3.0.0 !4.2.1` would match `1.2.3`, `1.9.9`, `3.1.1`, but not `4.2.1`, `2.1.1`
+func ParseRange(s string) (Range, error) {
+	parts := splitAndTrim(s)
+	orParts, err := splitORParts(parts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	expandedParts, err := expandWildcardVersion(orParts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var orFn Range
+	for _, p := range expandedParts {
+		var andFn Range
+		for _, ap := range p {
+			opStr, vStr, err := splitComparatorVersion(ap)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			vr, err := buildVersionRange(opStr, vStr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("Could not parse Range %q: %s", ap, err)
+			}
+			rf := vr.rangeFunc()
+
+			// Set function
+			if andFn == nil {
+				andFn = rf
+			} else { // Combine with existing function
+				andFn = andFn.AND(rf)
+			}
+		}
+		if orFn == nil {
+			orFn = andFn
+		} else {
+			orFn = orFn.OR(andFn)
+		}
+
+	}
+	return orFn, nil
+}
+
+// splitORParts splits the already cleaned parts by '||'.
+// Checks for invalid positions of the operator and returns an
+// error if found.
+func splitORParts(parts []string) ([][]string, error) {
+	var ORparts [][]string
+	last := 0
+	for i, p := range parts {
+		if p == "||" {
+			if i == 0 {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("First element in range is '||'")
+			}
+			ORparts = append(ORparts, parts[last:i])
+			last = i + 1
+		}
+	}
+	if last == len(parts) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Last element in range is '||'")
+	}
+	ORparts = append(ORparts, parts[last:])
+	return ORparts, nil
+}
+
+// buildVersionRange takes a slice of 2: operator and version
+// and builds a versionRange, otherwise an error.
+func buildVersionRange(opStr, vStr string) (*versionRange, error) {
+	c := parseComparator(opStr)
+	if c == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Could not parse comparator %q in %q", opStr, strings.Join([]string{opStr, vStr}, ""))
+	}
+	v, err := Parse(vStr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Could not parse version %q in %q: %s", vStr, strings.Join([]string{opStr, vStr}, ""), err)
+	}
+
+	return &versionRange{
+		v: v,
+		c: c,
+	}, nil
+
+}
+
+// inArray checks if a byte is contained in an array of bytes
+func inArray(s byte, list []byte) bool {
+	for _, el := range list {
+		if el == s {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// splitAndTrim splits a range string by spaces and cleans whitespaces
+func splitAndTrim(s string) (result []string) {
+	last := 0
+	var lastChar byte
+	excludeFromSplit := []byte{'>', '<', '='}
+	for i := 0; i < len(s); i++ {
+		if s[i] == ' ' && !inArray(lastChar, excludeFromSplit) {
+			if last < i-1 {
+				result = append(result, s[last:i])
+			}
+			last = i + 1
+		} else if s[i] != ' ' {
+			lastChar = s[i]
+		}
+	}
+	if last < len(s)-1 {
+		result = append(result, s[last:])
+	}
+
+	for i, v := range result {
+		result[i] = strings.Replace(v, " ", "", -1)
+	}
+
+	// parts := strings.Split(s, " ")
+	// for _, x := range parts {
+	// 	if s := strings.TrimSpace(x); len(s) != 0 {
+	// 		result = append(result, s)
+	// 	}
+	// }
+	return
+}
+
+// splitComparatorVersion splits the comparator from the version.
+// Input must be free of leading or trailing spaces.
+func splitComparatorVersion(s string) (string, string, error) {
+	i := strings.IndexFunc(s, unicode.IsDigit)
+	if i == -1 {
+		return "", "", fmt.Errorf("Could not get version from string: %q", s)
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSpace(s[0:i]), s[i:], nil
+}
+
+// getWildcardType will return the type of wildcard that the
+// passed version contains
+func getWildcardType(vStr string) wildcardType {
+	parts := strings.Split(vStr, ".")
+	nparts := len(parts)
+	wildcard := parts[nparts-1]
+
+	possibleWildcardType := wildcardTypefromInt(nparts)
+	if wildcard == "x" {
+		return possibleWildcardType
+	}
+
+	return noneWildcard
+}
+
+// createVersionFromWildcard will convert a wildcard version
+// into a regular version, replacing 'x's with '0's, handling
+// special cases like '1.x.x' and '1.x'
+func createVersionFromWildcard(vStr string) string {
+	// handle 1.x.x
+	vStr2 := strings.Replace(vStr, ".x.x", ".x", 1)
+	vStr2 = strings.Replace(vStr2, ".x", ".0", 1)
+	parts := strings.Split(vStr2, ".")
+
+	// handle 1.x
+	if len(parts) == 2 {
+		return vStr2 + ".0"
+	}
+
+	return vStr2
+}
+
+// incrementMajorVersion will increment the major version
+// of the passed version
+func incrementMajorVersion(vStr string) (string, error) {
+	parts := strings.Split(vStr, ".")
+	i, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[0])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	parts[0] = strconv.Itoa(i + 1)
+
+	return strings.Join(parts, "."), nil
+}
+
+// incrementMajorVersion will increment the minor version
+// of the passed version
+func incrementMinorVersion(vStr string) (string, error) {
+	parts := strings.Split(vStr, ".")
+	i, err := strconv.Atoi(parts[1])
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	parts[1] = strconv.Itoa(i + 1)
+
+	return strings.Join(parts, "."), nil
+}
+
+// expandWildcardVersion will expand wildcards inside versions
+// following these rules:
+//
+// * when dealing with patch wildcards:
+// >= 1.2.x    will become    >= 1.2.0
+// <= 1.2.x    will become    <  1.3.0
+// >  1.2.x    will become    >= 1.3.0
+// <  1.2.x    will become    <  1.2.0
+// != 1.2.x    will become    <  1.2.0 >= 1.3.0
+//
+// * when dealing with minor wildcards:
+// >= 1.x      will become    >= 1.0.0
+// <= 1.x      will become    <  2.0.0
+// >  1.x      will become    >= 2.0.0
+// <  1.0      will become    <  1.0.0
+// != 1.x      will become    <  1.0.0 >= 2.0.0
+//
+// * when dealing with wildcards without
+// version operator:
+// 1.2.x       will become    >= 1.2.0 < 1.3.0
+// 1.x         will become    >= 1.0.0 < 2.0.0
+func expandWildcardVersion(parts [][]string) ([][]string, error) {
+	var expandedParts [][]string
+	for _, p := range parts {
+		var newParts []string
+		for _, ap := range p {
+			if strings.Contains(ap, "x") {
+				opStr, vStr, err := splitComparatorVersion(ap)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+
+				versionWildcardType := getWildcardType(vStr)
+				flatVersion := createVersionFromWildcard(vStr)
+
+				var resultOperator string
+				var shouldIncrementVersion bool
+				switch opStr {
+				case ">":
+					resultOperator = ">="
+					shouldIncrementVersion = true
+				case ">=":
+					resultOperator = ">="
+				case "<":
+					resultOperator = "<"
+				case "<=":
+					resultOperator = "<"
+					shouldIncrementVersion = true
+				case "", "=", "==":
+					newParts = append(newParts, ">="+flatVersion)
+					resultOperator = "<"
+					shouldIncrementVersion = true
+				case "!=", "!":
+					newParts = append(newParts, "<"+flatVersion)
+					resultOperator = ">="
+					shouldIncrementVersion = true
+				}
+
+				var resultVersion string
+				if shouldIncrementVersion {
+					switch versionWildcardType {
+					case patchWildcard:
+						resultVersion, _ = incrementMinorVersion(flatVersion)
+					case minorWildcard:
+						resultVersion, _ = incrementMajorVersion(flatVersion)
+					}
+				} else {
+					resultVersion = flatVersion
+				}
+
+				ap = resultOperator + resultVersion
+			}
+			newParts = append(newParts, ap)
+		}
+		expandedParts = append(expandedParts, newParts)
+	}
+
+	return expandedParts, nil
+}
+
+func parseComparator(s string) comparator {
+	switch s {
+	case "==":
+		fallthrough
+	case "":
+		fallthrough
+	case "=":
+		return compEQ
+	case ">":
+		return compGT
+	case ">=":
+		return compGE
+	case "<":
+		return compLT
+	case "<=":
+		return compLE
+	case "!":
+		fallthrough
+	case "!=":
+		return compNE
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MustParseRange is like ParseRange but panics if the range cannot be parsed.
+func MustParseRange(s string) Range {
+	r, err := ParseRange(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(`semver: ParseRange(` + s + `): ` + err.Error())
+	}
+	return r
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,476 @@
+package semver
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const (
+	numbers  string = "0123456789"
+	alphas          = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ-"
+	alphanum        = alphas + numbers
+)
+
+// SpecVersion is the latest fully supported spec version of semver
+var SpecVersion = Version{
+	Major: 2,
+	Minor: 0,
+	Patch: 0,
+}
+
+// Version represents a semver compatible version
+type Version struct {
+	Major uint64
+	Minor uint64
+	Patch uint64
+	Pre   []PRVersion
+	Build []string //No Precedence
+}
+
+// Version to string
+func (v Version) String() string {
+	b := make([]byte, 0, 5)
+	b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Major, 10)
+	b = append(b, '.')
+	b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Minor, 10)
+	b = append(b, '.')
+	b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Patch, 10)
+
+	if len(v.Pre) > 0 {
+		b = append(b, '-')
+		b = append(b, v.Pre[0].String()...)
+
+		for _, pre := range v.Pre[1:] {
+			b = append(b, '.')
+			b = append(b, pre.String()...)
+		}
+	}
+
+	if len(v.Build) > 0 {
+		b = append(b, '+')
+		b = append(b, v.Build[0]...)
+
+		for _, build := range v.Build[1:] {
+			b = append(b, '.')
+			b = append(b, build...)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return string(b)
+}
+
+// FinalizeVersion discards prerelease and build number and only returns
+// major, minor and patch number.
+func (v Version) FinalizeVersion() string {
+	b := make([]byte, 0, 5)
+	b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Major, 10)
+	b = append(b, '.')
+	b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Minor, 10)
+	b = append(b, '.')
+	b = strconv.AppendUint(b, v.Patch, 10)
+	return string(b)
+}
+
+// Equals checks if v is equal to o.
+func (v Version) Equals(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) == 0)
+}
+
+// EQ checks if v is equal to o.
+func (v Version) EQ(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) == 0)
+}
+
+// NE checks if v is not equal to o.
+func (v Version) NE(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) != 0)
+}
+
+// GT checks if v is greater than o.
+func (v Version) GT(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) == 1)
+}
+
+// GTE checks if v is greater than or equal to o.
+func (v Version) GTE(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) >= 0)
+}
+
+// GE checks if v is greater than or equal to o.
+func (v Version) GE(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) >= 0)
+}
+
+// LT checks if v is less than o.
+func (v Version) LT(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) == -1)
+}
+
+// LTE checks if v is less than or equal to o.
+func (v Version) LTE(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) <= 0)
+}
+
+// LE checks if v is less than or equal to o.
+func (v Version) LE(o Version) bool {
+	return (v.Compare(o) <= 0)
+}
+
+// Compare compares Versions v to o:
+// -1 == v is less than o
+// 0 == v is equal to o
+// 1 == v is greater than o
+func (v Version) Compare(o Version) int {
+	if v.Major != o.Major {
+		if v.Major > o.Major {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return -1
+	}
+	if v.Minor != o.Minor {
+		if v.Minor > o.Minor {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return -1
+	}
+	if v.Patch != o.Patch {
+		if v.Patch > o.Patch {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return -1
+	}
+
+	// Quick comparison if a version has no prerelease versions
+	if len(v.Pre) == 0 && len(o.Pre) == 0 {
+		return 0
+	} else if len(v.Pre) == 0 && len(o.Pre) > 0 {
+		return 1
+	} else if len(v.Pre) > 0 && len(o.Pre) == 0 {
+		return -1
+	}
+
+	i := 0
+	for ; i < len(v.Pre) && i < len(o.Pre); i++ {
+		if comp := v.Pre[i].Compare(o.Pre[i]); comp == 0 {
+			continue
+		} else if comp == 1 {
+			return 1
+		} else {
+			return -1
+		}
+	}
+
+	// If all pr versions are the equal but one has further prversion, this one greater
+	if i == len(v.Pre) && i == len(o.Pre) {
+		return 0
+	} else if i == len(v.Pre) && i < len(o.Pre) {
+		return -1
+	} else {
+		return 1
+	}
+
+}
+
+// IncrementPatch increments the patch version
+func (v *Version) IncrementPatch() error {
+	v.Patch++
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IncrementMinor increments the minor version
+func (v *Version) IncrementMinor() error {
+	v.Minor++
+	v.Patch = 0
+	return nil
+}
+
+// IncrementMajor increments the major version
+func (v *Version) IncrementMajor() error {
+	v.Major++
+	v.Minor = 0
+	v.Patch = 0
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Validate validates v and returns error in case
+func (v Version) Validate() error {
+	// Major, Minor, Patch already validated using uint64
+
+	for _, pre := range v.Pre {
+		if !pre.IsNum { //Numeric prerelease versions already uint64
+			if len(pre.VersionStr) == 0 {
+				return fmt.Errorf("Prerelease can not be empty %q", pre.VersionStr)
+			}
+			if !containsOnly(pre.VersionStr, alphanum) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in prerelease %q", pre.VersionStr)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, build := range v.Build {
+		if len(build) == 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("Build meta data can not be empty %q", build)
+		}
+		if !containsOnly(build, alphanum) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in build meta data %q", build)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// New is an alias for Parse and returns a pointer, parses version string and returns a validated Version or error
+func New(s string) (*Version, error) {
+	v, err := Parse(s)
+	vp := &v
+	return vp, err
+}
+
+// Make is an alias for Parse, parses version string and returns a validated Version or error
+func Make(s string) (Version, error) {
+	return Parse(s)
+}
+
+// ParseTolerant allows for certain version specifications that do not strictly adhere to semver
+// specs to be parsed by this library. It does so by normalizing versions before passing them to
+// Parse(). It currently trims spaces, removes a "v" prefix, adds a 0 patch number to versions
+// with only major and minor components specified, and removes leading 0s.
+func ParseTolerant(s string) (Version, error) {
+	s = strings.TrimSpace(s)
+	s = strings.TrimPrefix(s, "v")
+
+	// Split into major.minor.(patch+pr+meta)
+	parts := strings.SplitN(s, ".", 3)
+	// Remove leading zeros.
+	for i, p := range parts {
+		if len(p) > 1 {
+			p = strings.TrimLeft(p, "0")
+			if len(p) == 0 || !strings.ContainsAny(p[0:1], "0123456789") {
+				p = "0" + p
+			}
+			parts[i] = p
+		}
+	}
+	// Fill up shortened versions.
+	if len(parts) < 3 {
+		if strings.ContainsAny(parts[len(parts)-1], "+-") {
+			return Version{}, errors.New("Short version cannot contain PreRelease/Build meta data")
+		}
+		for len(parts) < 3 {
+			parts = append(parts, "0")
+		}
+	}
+	s = strings.Join(parts, ".")
+
+	return Parse(s)
+}
+
+// Parse parses version string and returns a validated Version or error
+func Parse(s string) (Version, error) {
+	if len(s) == 0 {
+		return Version{}, errors.New("Version string empty")
+	}
+
+	// Split into major.minor.(patch+pr+meta)
+	parts := strings.SplitN(s, ".", 3)
+	if len(parts) != 3 {
+		return Version{}, errors.New("No Major.Minor.Patch elements found")
+	}
+
+	// Major
+	if !containsOnly(parts[0], numbers) {
+		return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in major number %q", parts[0])
+	}
+	if hasLeadingZeroes(parts[0]) {
+		return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Major number must not contain leading zeroes %q", parts[0])
+	}
+	major, err := strconv.ParseUint(parts[0], 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Version{}, err
+	}
+
+	// Minor
+	if !containsOnly(parts[1], numbers) {
+		return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in minor number %q", parts[1])
+	}
+	if hasLeadingZeroes(parts[1]) {
+		return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Minor number must not contain leading zeroes %q", parts[1])
+	}
+	minor, err := strconv.ParseUint(parts[1], 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Version{}, err
+	}
+
+	v := Version{}
+	v.Major = major
+	v.Minor = minor
+
+	var build, prerelease []string
+	patchStr := parts[2]
+
+	if buildIndex := strings.IndexRune(patchStr, '+'); buildIndex != -1 {
+		build = strings.Split(patchStr[buildIndex+1:], ".")
+		patchStr = patchStr[:buildIndex]
+	}
+
+	if preIndex := strings.IndexRune(patchStr, '-'); preIndex != -1 {
+		prerelease = strings.Split(patchStr[preIndex+1:], ".")
+		patchStr = patchStr[:preIndex]
+	}
+
+	if !containsOnly(patchStr, numbers) {
+		return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in patch number %q", patchStr)
+	}
+	if hasLeadingZeroes(patchStr) {
+		return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Patch number must not contain leading zeroes %q", patchStr)
+	}
+	patch, err := strconv.ParseUint(patchStr, 10, 64)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Version{}, err
+	}
+
+	v.Patch = patch
+
+	// Prerelease
+	for _, prstr := range prerelease {
+		parsedPR, err := NewPRVersion(prstr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return Version{}, err
+		}
+		v.Pre = append(v.Pre, parsedPR)
+	}
+
+	// Build meta data
+	for _, str := range build {
+		if len(str) == 0 {
+			return Version{}, errors.New("Build meta data is empty")
+		}
+		if !containsOnly(str, alphanum) {
+			return Version{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in build meta data %q", str)
+		}
+		v.Build = append(v.Build, str)
+	}
+
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+// MustParse is like Parse but panics if the version cannot be parsed.
+func MustParse(s string) Version {
+	v, err := Parse(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(`semver: Parse(` + s + `): ` + err.Error())
+	}
+	return v
+}
+
+// PRVersion represents a PreRelease Version
+type PRVersion struct {
+	VersionStr string
+	VersionNum uint64
+	IsNum      bool
+}
+
+// NewPRVersion creates a new valid prerelease version
+func NewPRVersion(s string) (PRVersion, error) {
+	if len(s) == 0 {
+		return PRVersion{}, errors.New("Prerelease is empty")
+	}
+	v := PRVersion{}
+	if containsOnly(s, numbers) {
+		if hasLeadingZeroes(s) {
+			return PRVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("Numeric PreRelease version must not contain leading zeroes %q", s)
+		}
+		num, err := strconv.ParseUint(s, 10, 64)
+
+		// Might never be hit, but just in case
+		if err != nil {
+			return PRVersion{}, err
+		}
+		v.VersionNum = num
+		v.IsNum = true
+	} else if containsOnly(s, alphanum) {
+		v.VersionStr = s
+		v.IsNum = false
+	} else {
+		return PRVersion{}, fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in prerelease %q", s)
+	}
+	return v, nil
+}
+
+// IsNumeric checks if prerelease-version is numeric
+func (v PRVersion) IsNumeric() bool {
+	return v.IsNum
+}
+
+// Compare compares two PreRelease Versions v and o:
+// -1 == v is less than o
+// 0 == v is equal to o
+// 1 == v is greater than o
+func (v PRVersion) Compare(o PRVersion) int {
+	if v.IsNum && !o.IsNum {
+		return -1
+	} else if !v.IsNum && o.IsNum {
+		return 1
+	} else if v.IsNum && o.IsNum {
+		if v.VersionNum == o.VersionNum {
+			return 0
+		} else if v.VersionNum > o.VersionNum {
+			return 1
+		} else {
+			return -1
+		}
+	} else { // both are Alphas
+		if v.VersionStr == o.VersionStr {
+			return 0
+		} else if v.VersionStr > o.VersionStr {
+			return 1
+		} else {
+			return -1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// PreRelease version to string
+func (v PRVersion) String() string {
+	if v.IsNum {
+		return strconv.FormatUint(v.VersionNum, 10)
+	}
+	return v.VersionStr
+}
+
+func containsOnly(s string, set string) bool {
+	return strings.IndexFunc(s, func(r rune) bool {
+		return !strings.ContainsRune(set, r)
+	}) == -1
+}
+
+func hasLeadingZeroes(s string) bool {
+	return len(s) > 1 && s[0] == '0'
+}
+
+// NewBuildVersion creates a new valid build version
+func NewBuildVersion(s string) (string, error) {
+	if len(s) == 0 {
+		return "", errors.New("Buildversion is empty")
+	}
+	if !containsOnly(s, alphanum) {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("Invalid character(s) found in build meta data %q", s)
+	}
+	return s, nil
+}
+
+// FinalizeVersion returns the major, minor and patch number only and discards
+// prerelease and build number.
+func FinalizeVersion(s string) (string, error) {
+	v, err := Parse(s)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", err
+	}
+	v.Pre = nil
+	v.Build = nil
+
+	finalVer := v.String()
+	return finalVer, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package semver
+
+import (
+	"sort"
+)
+
+// Versions represents multiple versions.
+type Versions []Version
+
+// Len returns length of version collection
+func (s Versions) Len() int {
+	return len(s)
+}
+
+// Swap swaps two versions inside the collection by its indices
+func (s Versions) Swap(i, j int) {
+	s[i], s[j] = s[j], s[i]
+}
+
+// Less checks if version at index i is less than version at index j
+func (s Versions) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	return s[i].LT(s[j])
+}
+
+// Sort sorts a slice of versions
+func Sort(versions []Version) {
+	sort.Sort(Versions(versions))
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+package semver
+
+import (
+	"database/sql/driver"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+// Scan implements the database/sql.Scanner interface.
+func (v *Version) Scan(src interface{}) (err error) {
+	var str string
+	switch src := src.(type) {
+	case string:
+		str = src
+	case []byte:
+		str = string(src)
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("version.Scan: cannot convert %T to string", src)
+	}
+
+	if t, err := Parse(str); err == nil {
+		*v = t
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// Value implements the database/sql/driver.Valuer interface.
+func (v Version) Value() (driver.Value, error) {
+	return v.String(), nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+language: go
+
+go:
+  - "1.14"
+  - tip
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+met:
+
+   * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+distribution.
+   * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+"AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+- *赞助 BTC: 1Cbd6oGAUUyBi7X7MaR4np4nTmQZXVgkCW*
+- *赞助 ETH: 0x623A3C3a72186A6336C79b18Ac1eD36e1c71A8a6*
+- *Go语言付费QQ群: 1055927514*
+
+----
+
+# gettext-go: GNU gettext for Go ([Imported By Kubernetes](https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/chai2010/gettext-go@v0.1.0/gettext?tab=importedby))
+
+- PkgDoc: [http://godoc.org/github.com/chai2010/gettext-go](http://godoc.org/github.com/chai2010/gettext-go)
+- PkgDoc: [http://pkg.go.dev/github.com/chai2010/gettext-go](http://pkg.go.dev/github.com/chai2010/gettext-go)
+
+## Install
+
+1. `go get github.com/chai2010/gettext-go`
+2. `go run hello.go`
+
+The godoc.org or go.dev has more information.
+
+## Examples
+
+```Go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	gettext := gettext.New("hello", "./examples/locale").SetLanguage("zh_CN")
+	fmt.Println(gettext.Gettext("Hello, world!"))
+
+	// Output: 你好, 世界!
+}
+```
+
+```Go
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go"
+)
+
+func main() {
+	gettext.SetLanguage("zh_CN")
+	gettext.BindLocale(gettext.New("hello", "locale"))
+
+	// gettext.BindLocale("hello", "locale")              // from locale dir
+	// gettext.BindLocale("hello", "locale.zip")          // from locale zip file
+	// gettext.BindLocale("hello", "locale.zip", zipData) // from embedded zip data
+
+	// translate source text
+	fmt.Println(gettext.Gettext("Hello, world!"))
+	// Output: 你好, 世界!
+
+	// if no msgctxt in PO file (only msgid and msgstr),
+	// specify context as "" by
+	fmt.Println(gettext.PGettext("", "Hello, world!"))
+	// Output: 你好, 世界!
+
+	// translate resource
+	fmt.Println(string(gettext.Getdata("poems.txt"))))
+	// Output: ...
+}
+```
+
+Go file: [hello.go](https://github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/blob/master/examples/hello.go); PO file: [hello.po](https://github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/blob/master/examples/locale/default/LC_MESSAGES/hello.po);
+
+----
+
+## API Changes (v0.1.0 vs v1.0.0)
+
+### Renamed package path
+
+| v0.1.0 (old)                                    | v1.0.0 (new)                            |
+| ----------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------- |
+| `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/gettext`        | `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go`        |
+| `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/gettext/po`     | `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/po`     |
+| `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/gettext/mo`     | `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/mo`     |
+| `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/gettext/plural` | `github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/plural` |
+
+### Renamed functions
+
+| v0.1.0 (old)                       | v1.0.0 (new)                |
+| ---------------------------------- | --------------------------- |
+| `gettext-go/gettext.*`             | `gettext-go.*`              |
+| `gettext-go/gettext.DefaultLocal`  | `gettext-go.DefaultLanguage`|
+| `gettext-go/gettext.BindTextdomain`| `gettext-go.BindLocale`     |
+| `gettext-go/gettext.Textdomain`    | `gettext-go.SetDomain`      |
+| `gettext-go/gettext.SetLocale`     | `gettext-go.SetLanguage`    |
+| `gettext-go/gettext/po.Load`       | `gettext-go/po.LoadFile`    |
+| `gettext-go/gettext/po.LoadData`   | `gettext-go/po.Load`        |
+| `gettext-go/gettext/mo.Load`       | `gettext-go/mo.LoadFile`    |
+| `gettext-go/gettext/mo.LoadData`   | `gettext-go/mo.Load`        |
+
+### Use empty string as the default context for `gettext.Gettext`
+
+```go
+package main
+
+// v0.1.0
+// if the **context** missing, use `callerName(2)` as the context:
+
+// v1.0.0
+// if the **context** missing, use empty string as the context:
+
+func main() {
+	gettext.Gettext("hello")          
+	// v0.1.0 => gettext.PGettext("main.main", "hello")
+	// v1.0.0 => gettext.PGettext("", "hello")
+
+	gettext.DGettext("domain", "hello")
+	// v0.1.0 => gettext.DPGettext("domain", "main.main", "hello")
+	// v1.0.0 => gettext.DPGettext("domain", "", "hello")
+
+	gettext.NGettext("domain", "hello", "hello2", n)
+	// v0.1.0 => gettext.PNGettext("domain", "main.main", "hello", "hello2", n)
+	// v1.0.0 => gettext.PNGettext("domain", "", "hello", "hello2", n)
+
+	gettext.DNGettext("domain", "hello", "hello2", n)
+	// v0.1.0 => gettext.DPNGettext("domain", "main.main", "hello", "hello2", n)
+	// v1.0.0 => gettext.DPNGettext("domain", "", "hello", "hello2", n)
+}
+```
+
+### `BindLocale` support `FileSystem` interface
+
+```go
+// Use FileSystem:
+//	BindLocale(New("poedit", "name", OS("path/to/dir"))) // bind "poedit" domain
+//	BindLocale(New("poedit", "name", OS("path/to.zip"))) // bind "poedit" domain
+```
+
+## New API in v1.0.0
+
+`Gettexter` interface:
+
+```go
+type Gettexter interface {
+	FileSystem() FileSystem
+
+	GetDomain() string
+	SetDomain(domain string) Gettexter
+
+	GetLanguage() string
+	SetLanguage(lang string) Gettexter
+
+	Gettext(msgid string) string
+	PGettext(msgctxt, msgid string) string
+
+	NGettext(msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+	PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+
+	DGettext(domain, msgid string) string
+	DPGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid string) string
+	DNGettext(domain, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+	DPNGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+
+	Getdata(name string) []byte
+	DGetdata(domain, name string) []byte
+}
+
+func New(domain, path string, data ...interface{}) Gettexter
+```
+
+`FileSystem` interface:
+
+```go
+type FileSystem interface {
+	LocaleList() []string
+	LoadMessagesFile(domain, lang, ext string) ([]byte, error)
+	LoadResourceFile(domain, lang, name string) ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+}
+
+func NewFS(name string, x interface{}) FileSystem
+func OS(root string) FileSystem
+func ZipFS(r *zip.Reader, name string) FileSystem
+func NilFS(name string) FileSystem
+```
+
+----
+
+## BUGS
+
+Please report bugs to <chaishushan@gmail.com>.
+
+Thanks!
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+// Copyright 2013 <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+/*
+Package gettext implements a basic GNU's gettext library.
+
+Example:
+	import (
+		"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go"
+	)
+
+	func main() {
+		gettext.SetLanguage("zh_CN")
+
+		// gettext.BindLocale(gettext.New("hello", "locale"))              // from locale dir
+		// gettext.BindLocale(gettext.New("hello", "locale.zip"))          // from locale zip file
+		// gettext.BindLocale(gettext.New("hello", "locale.zip", zipData)) // from embedded zip data
+
+		gettext.BindLocale(gettext.New("hello", "locale"))
+
+		// translate source text
+		fmt.Println(gettext.Gettext("Hello, world!"))
+		// Output: 你好, 世界!
+
+		// translate resource
+		fmt.Println(string(gettext.Getdata("poems.txt")))
+		// Output: ...
+	}
+
+Translate directory struct("./examples/locale.zip"):
+
+	Root: "path" or "file.zip/zipBaseName"
+	 +-default                 # locale: $(LC_MESSAGES) or $(LANG) or "default"
+	 |  +-LC_MESSAGES            # just for `gettext.Gettext`
+	 |  |   +-hello.mo             # $(Root)/$(lang)/LC_MESSAGES/$(domain).mo
+	 |  |   +-hello.po             # $(Root)/$(lang)/LC_MESSAGES/$(domain).po
+	 |  |   \-hello.json           # $(Root)/$(lang)/LC_MESSAGES/$(domain).json
+	 |  |
+	 |  \-LC_RESOURCE            # just for `gettext.Getdata`
+	 |      +-hello                # domain map a dir in resource translate
+	 |         +-favicon.ico       # $(Root)/$(lang)/LC_RESOURCE/$(domain)/$(filename)
+	 |         \-poems.txt
+	 |
+	 \-zh_CN                   # simple chinese translate
+	    +-LC_MESSAGES
+	    |   +-hello.po             # try "$(domain).po" first
+	    |   +-hello.mo             # try "$(domain).mo" second
+	    |   \-hello.json           # try "$(domain).json" third
+	    |
+	    \-LC_RESOURCE
+	        +-hello
+	           +-favicon.ico       # $(lang)/$(domain)/favicon.ico
+	           \-poems.txt         # $(lang)/$(domain)/poems.txt
+
+See:
+	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gettext
+	http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node
+	http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Header-Entry.html
+	http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html
+	http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/MO-Files.html
+	http://www.poedit.net/
+
+Please report bugs to <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>.
+Thanks!
+*/
+package gettext
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+import (
+	"archive/zip"
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+type FileSystem interface {
+	LocaleList() []string
+	LoadMessagesFile(domain, lang, ext string) ([]byte, error)
+	LoadResourceFile(domain, lang, name string) ([]byte, error)
+	String() string
+}
+
+func NewFS(name string, x interface{}) FileSystem {
+	if x == nil {
+		if name != "" {
+			return OS(name)
+		}
+		return NilFS(name)
+	}
+
+	switch x := x.(type) {
+	case []byte:
+		if len(x) == 0 {
+			return OS(name)
+		}
+		if r, err := zip.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(x), int64(len(x))); err == nil {
+			return ZipFS(r, name)
+		}
+		if fs, err := newJson(x, name); err == nil {
+			return fs
+		}
+	case string:
+		if len(x) == 0 {
+			return OS(name)
+		}
+		if r, err := zip.NewReader(bytes.NewReader([]byte(x)), int64(len(x))); err == nil {
+			return ZipFS(r, name)
+		}
+		if fs, err := newJson([]byte(x), name); err == nil {
+			return fs
+		}
+	case FileSystem:
+		return x
+	}
+
+	return NilFS(name)
+}
+
+func OS(root string) FileSystem {
+	return newOsFS(root)
+}
+
+func ZipFS(r *zip.Reader, name string) FileSystem {
+	return newZipFS(r, name)
+}
+
+func NilFS(name string) FileSystem {
+	return &nilFS{name}
+}
+
+type nilFS struct {
+	name string
+}
+
+func (p *nilFS) LocaleList() []string {
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *nilFS) LoadMessagesFile(domain, lang, ext string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("not found")
+}
+func (p *nilFS) LoadResourceFile(domain, lang, name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("not found")
+}
+func (p *nilFS) String() string {
+	return "gettext.nilfs(" + p.name + ")"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// Copyright 2020 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+)
+
+type jsonFS struct {
+	name string
+	x    map[string]struct {
+		LC_MESSAGES map[string][]struct {
+			MsgContext  string   `json:"msgctxt"`      // msgctxt context
+			MsgId       string   `json:"msgid"`        // msgid untranslated-string
+			MsgIdPlural string   `json:"msgid_plural"` // msgid_plural untranslated-string-plural
+			MsgStr      []string `json:"msgstr"`       // msgstr translated-string
+		}
+		LC_RESOURCE map[string]map[string]string
+	}
+}
+
+func isJsonData() bool {
+	return false
+}
+
+func newJson(jsonData []byte, name string) (*jsonFS, error) {
+	p := &jsonFS{name: name}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(jsonData, &p.x); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return p, nil
+}
+
+func (p *jsonFS) LocaleList() []string {
+	var ss []string
+	for lang := range p.x {
+		ss = append(ss, lang)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(ss)
+	return ss
+}
+
+func (p *jsonFS) LoadMessagesFile(domain, lang, ext string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if v, ok := p.x[lang]; ok {
+		if v, ok := v.LC_MESSAGES[domain+ext]; ok {
+			return json.Marshal(v)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("not found")
+}
+func (p *jsonFS) LoadResourceFile(domain, lang, name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	if v, ok := p.x[lang]; ok {
+		if v, ok := v.LC_RESOURCE[domain]; ok {
+			return []byte(v[name]), nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("not found")
+}
+func (p *jsonFS) String() string {
+	return "gettext.nilfs(" + p.name + ")"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+import (
+	"archive/zip"
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type osFS struct {
+	root string
+}
+
+func newOsFS(root string) FileSystem {
+	// locale zip file
+	if fi, err := os.Stat(root); err == nil && !fi.IsDir() {
+		if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(root), ".zip") {
+			if x, err := ioutil.ReadFile(root); err == nil {
+				if r, err := zip.NewReader(bytes.NewReader(x), int64(len(x))); err == nil {
+					return ZipFS(r, root)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		if strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(root), ".json") {
+			if x, err := ioutil.ReadFile(root); err == nil {
+				if fs, err := newJson(x, root); err == nil {
+					return fs
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// locale dir
+	return &osFS{root: root}
+}
+
+func (p *osFS) LocaleList() []string {
+	list, err := ioutil.ReadDir(p.root)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	ssMap := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, dir := range list {
+		if dir.IsDir() {
+			ssMap[dir.Name()] = true
+		}
+	}
+	var locales = make([]string, 0, len(ssMap))
+	for s := range ssMap {
+		locales = append(locales, s)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(locales)
+	return locales
+}
+
+func (p *osFS) LoadMessagesFile(domain, locale, ext string) ([]byte, error) {
+	trName := p.makeMessagesFileName(domain, locale, ext)
+	rcData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(trName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return rcData, nil
+}
+
+func (p *osFS) LoadResourceFile(domain, locale, name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	rcName := p.makeResourceFileName(domain, locale, name)
+	rcData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(rcName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return rcData, nil
+}
+
+func (p *osFS) String() string {
+	return "gettext.localfs(" + p.root + ")"
+}
+
+func (p *osFS) makeMessagesFileName(domain, lang, ext string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/LC_MESSAGES/%s%s", p.root, lang, domain, ext)
+}
+
+func (p *osFS) makeResourceFileName(domain, lang, name string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/LC_RESOURCE/%s/%s", p.root, lang, domain, name)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+import (
+	"archive/zip"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type zipFS struct {
+	root string
+	name string
+	r    *zip.Reader
+}
+
+func newZipFS(r *zip.Reader, name string) *zipFS {
+	fs := &zipFS{r: r, name: name}
+	fs.root = fs.zipRoot()
+	return fs
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) zipName() string {
+	name := p.name
+	if x := strings.LastIndexAny(name, `\/`); x != -1 {
+		name = name[x+1:]
+	}
+	name = strings.TrimSuffix(name, ".zip")
+	return name
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) zipRoot() string {
+	var somepath string
+	for _, f := range p.r.File {
+		if x := strings.Index(f.Name, "LC_MESSAGES"); x != -1 {
+			somepath = f.Name
+		}
+		if x := strings.Index(f.Name, "LC_RESOURCE"); x != -1 {
+			somepath = f.Name
+		}
+	}
+	if somepath == "" {
+		return p.zipName()
+	}
+
+	ss := strings.Split(somepath, "/")
+	for i, s := range ss {
+		// $(root)/$(lang)/LC_MESSAGES
+		// $(root)/$(lang)/LC_RESOURCE
+		if (s == "LC_MESSAGES" || s == "LC_RESOURCE") && i >= 2 {
+			return strings.Join(ss[:i-1], "/")
+		}
+	}
+
+	return p.zipName()
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) LocaleList() []string {
+	var locals []string
+	for s := range p.lsZip(p.r) {
+		locals = append(locals, s)
+	}
+	sort.Strings(locals)
+	return locals
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) LoadMessagesFile(domain, lang, ext string) ([]byte, error) {
+	trName := p.makeMessagesFileName(domain, lang, ext)
+	for _, f := range p.r.File {
+		if f.Name != trName {
+			continue
+		}
+		rc, err := f.Open()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		rcData, err := ioutil.ReadAll(rc)
+		rc.Close()
+		return rcData, err
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("not found")
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) LoadResourceFile(domain, lang, name string) ([]byte, error) {
+	rcName := p.makeResourceFileName(domain, lang, name)
+	for _, f := range p.r.File {
+		if f.Name != rcName {
+			continue
+		}
+		rc, err := f.Open()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		rcData, err := ioutil.ReadAll(rc)
+		rc.Close()
+		return rcData, err
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("not found")
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) String() string {
+	return "gettext.zipfs(" + p.name + ")"
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) makeMessagesFileName(domain, lang, ext string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/LC_MESSAGES/%s%s", p.root, lang, domain, ext)
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) makeResourceFileName(domain, lang, name string) string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s/LC_RESOURCE/%s/%s", p.root, lang, domain, name)
+}
+
+func (p *zipFS) lsZip(r *zip.Reader) map[string]bool {
+	ssMap := make(map[string]bool)
+	for _, f := range r.File {
+		if x := strings.Index(f.Name, "LC_MESSAGES"); x != -1 {
+			s := strings.TrimRight(f.Name[:x], `\/`)
+			if x = strings.LastIndexAny(s, `\/`); x != -1 {
+				s = s[x+1:]
+			}
+			if s != "" {
+				ssMap[s] = true
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if x := strings.Index(f.Name, "LC_RESOURCE"); x != -1 {
+			s := strings.TrimRight(f.Name[:x], `\/`)
+			if x = strings.LastIndexAny(s, `\/`); x != -1 {
+				s = s[x+1:]
+			}
+			if s != "" {
+				ssMap[s] = true
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+	}
+	return ssMap
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+var (
+	DefaultLanguage string = getDefaultLanguage() // use $(LC_MESSAGES) or $(LANG) or "default"
+)
+
+type Gettexter interface {
+	FileSystem() FileSystem
+
+	GetDomain() string
+	SetDomain(domain string) Gettexter
+
+	GetLanguage() string
+	SetLanguage(lang string) Gettexter
+
+	Gettext(msgid string) string
+	PGettext(msgctxt, msgid string) string
+
+	NGettext(msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+	PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+
+	DGettext(domain, msgid string) string
+	DPGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid string) string
+	DNGettext(domain, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+	DPNGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string
+
+	Getdata(name string) []byte
+	DGetdata(domain, name string) []byte
+}
+
+// New create Interface use default language.
+func New(domain, path string, data ...interface{}) Gettexter {
+	return newLocale(domain, path, data...)
+}
+
+var defaultGettexter struct {
+	lang   string
+	domain string
+	Gettexter
+}
+
+func init() {
+	defaultGettexter.lang = getDefaultLanguage()
+	defaultGettexter.domain = "default"
+	defaultGettexter.Gettexter = newLocale("", "")
+}
+
+// BindLocale sets and queries program's domains.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	BindLocale(New("poedit", "locale")) // bind "poedit" domain
+//
+// Use zip file:
+//	BindLocale(New("poedit", "locale.zip"))          // bind "poedit" domain
+//	BindLocale(New("poedit", "locale.zip", zipData)) // bind "poedit" domain
+//
+// Use FileSystem:
+//	BindLocale(New("poedit", "name", OS("path/to/dir"))) // bind "poedit" domain
+//	BindLocale(New("poedit", "name", OS("path/to.zip"))) // bind "poedit" domain
+//
+func BindLocale(g Gettexter) {
+	if g != nil {
+		defaultGettexter.Gettexter = g
+		defaultGettexter.SetLanguage(defaultGettexter.lang)
+	} else {
+		defaultGettexter.Gettexter = newLocale("", "")
+		defaultGettexter.SetLanguage(defaultGettexter.lang)
+	}
+}
+
+// SetLanguage sets and queries the program's current lang.
+//
+// If the lang is not empty string, set the new locale.
+//
+// If the lang is empty string, don't change anything.
+//
+// Returns is the current locale.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	SetLanguage("")      // get locale: return DefaultLocale
+//	SetLanguage("zh_CN") // set locale: return zh_CN
+//	SetLanguage("")      // get locale: return zh_CN
+func SetLanguage(lang string) string {
+	defaultGettexter.SetLanguage(lang)
+	return defaultGettexter.GetLanguage()
+}
+
+// SetDomain sets and retrieves the current message domain.
+//
+// If the domain is not empty string, set the new domains.
+//
+// If the domain is empty string, don't change anything.
+//
+// Returns is the all used domains.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	SetDomain("poedit") // set domain: poedit
+//	SetDomain("")       // get domain: return poedit
+func SetDomain(domain string) string {
+	defaultGettexter.SetDomain(domain)
+	return defaultGettexter.GetDomain()
+}
+
+// Gettext attempt to translate a text string into the user's native language,
+// by looking up the translation in a message catalog.
+//
+// It use the caller's function name as the msgctxt.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.Gettext("Hello") // msgctxt is ""
+//	}
+func Gettext(msgid string) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.Gettext(msgid)
+}
+
+// Getdata attempt to translate a resource file into the user's native language,
+// by looking up the translation in a message catalog.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		Textdomain("hello")
+//		BindLocale("hello", "locale.zip", nilOrZipData)
+//		poems := gettext.Getdata("poems.txt")
+//	}
+func Getdata(name string) []byte {
+	return defaultGettexter.Getdata(name)
+}
+
+// NGettext attempt to translate a text string into the user's native language,
+// by looking up the appropriate plural form of the translation in a message
+// catalog.
+//
+// It use the caller's function name as the msgctxt.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.NGettext("%d people", "%d peoples", 2)
+//	}
+func NGettext(msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.NGettext(msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+// PGettext attempt to translate a text string into the user's native language,
+// by looking up the translation in a message catalog.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.PGettext("gettext-go.example", "Hello") // msgctxt is "gettext-go.example"
+//	}
+func PGettext(msgctxt, msgid string) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.PGettext(msgctxt, msgid)
+}
+
+// PNGettext attempt to translate a text string into the user's native language,
+// by looking up the appropriate plural form of the translation in a message
+// catalog.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.PNGettext("gettext-go.example", "%d people", "%d peoples", 2)
+//	}
+func PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+// DGettext like Gettext(), but looking up the message in the specified domain.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.DGettext("poedit", "Hello")
+//	}
+func DGettext(domain, msgid string) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.DGettext(domain, msgid)
+}
+
+// DNGettext like NGettext(), but looking up the message in the specified domain.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.PNGettext("poedit", "gettext-go.example", "%d people", "%d peoples", 2)
+//	}
+func DNGettext(domain, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.DNGettext(domain, msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+// DPGettext like PGettext(), but looking up the message in the specified domain.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.DPGettext("poedit", "gettext-go.example", "Hello")
+//	}
+func DPGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid string) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.DPGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid)
+}
+
+// DPNGettext like PNGettext(), but looking up the message in the specified domain.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.DPNGettext("poedit", "gettext-go.example", "%d people", "%d peoples", 2)
+//	}
+func DPNGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	return defaultGettexter.DPNGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+// DGetdata like Getdata(), but looking up the resource in the specified domain.
+//
+// Examples:
+//	func Foo() {
+//		msg := gettext.DGetdata("hello", "poems.txt")
+//	}
+func DGetdata(domain, name string) []byte {
+	return defaultGettexter.DGetdata(domain, name)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,205 @@
+// Copyright 2020 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+type _Locale struct {
+	mutex     sync.Mutex
+	fs        FileSystem
+	lang      string
+	domain    string
+	trMap     map[string]*translator
+	trCurrent *translator
+}
+
+var _ Gettexter = (*_Locale)(nil)
+
+func newLocale(domain, path string, data ...interface{}) *_Locale {
+	if domain == "" {
+		domain = "default"
+	}
+	p := &_Locale{
+		lang:   DefaultLanguage,
+		domain: domain,
+	}
+	if len(data) > 0 {
+		p.fs = NewFS(path, data[0])
+	} else {
+		p.fs = NewFS(path, nil)
+	}
+
+	p.syncTrMap()
+	return p
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) makeTrMapKey(domain, _Locale string) string {
+	return domain + "_$$$_" + _Locale
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) FileSystem() FileSystem {
+	return p.fs
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) GetLanguage() string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	return p.lang
+}
+func (p *_Locale) SetLanguage(lang string) Gettexter {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if lang == "" {
+		lang = DefaultLanguage
+	}
+	if lang == p.lang {
+		return p
+	}
+
+	p.lang = lang
+	p.syncTrMap()
+	return p
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) GetDomain() string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.domain
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) SetDomain(domain string) Gettexter {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+
+	if domain == "" || domain == p.domain {
+		return p
+	}
+
+	p.domain = domain
+	p.syncTrMap()
+	return p
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) syncTrMap() {
+	p.trMap = make(map[string]*translator)
+	trMapKey := p.makeTrMapKey(p.domain, p.lang)
+
+	if tr, ok := p.trMap[trMapKey]; ok {
+		p.trCurrent = tr
+		return
+	}
+
+	// try load po file
+	if data, err := p.fs.LoadMessagesFile(p.domain, p.lang, ".po"); err == nil {
+		if tr, err := newPoTranslator(fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s.po", p.domain, p.lang), data); err == nil {
+			p.trMap[trMapKey] = tr
+			p.trCurrent = tr
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	// try load mo file
+	if data, err := p.fs.LoadMessagesFile(p.domain, p.lang, ".mo"); err == nil {
+		if tr, err := newMoTranslator(fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s.mo", p.domain, p.lang), data); err == nil {
+			p.trMap[trMapKey] = tr
+			p.trCurrent = tr
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	// try load json file
+	if data, err := p.fs.LoadMessagesFile(p.domain, p.lang, ".json"); err == nil {
+		if tr, err := newJsonTranslator(p.lang, fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s.json", p.domain, p.lang), data); err == nil {
+			p.trMap[trMapKey] = tr
+			p.trCurrent = tr
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	// no po/mo file
+	p.trMap[trMapKey] = nilTranslator
+	p.trCurrent = nilTranslator
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) Gettext(msgid string) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.trCurrent.PGettext("", msgid)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) PGettext(msgctxt, msgid string) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.trCurrent.PGettext(msgctxt, msgid)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) NGettext(msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.trCurrent.PNGettext("", msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.trCurrent.PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) DGettext(domain, msgid string) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.gettext(domain, "", msgid, "", 0)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) DNGettext(domain, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.gettext(domain, "", msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) DPGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid string) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.gettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, "", 0)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) DPNGettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	p.mutex.Lock()
+	defer p.mutex.Unlock()
+	return p.gettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) Getdata(name string) []byte {
+	return p.getdata(p.domain, name)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) DGetdata(domain, name string) []byte {
+	return p.getdata(domain, name)
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) gettext(domain, msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	if f, ok := p.trMap[p.makeTrMapKey(domain, p.lang)]; ok {
+		return f.PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural, n)
+	}
+	return msgid
+}
+
+func (p *_Locale) getdata(domain, name string) []byte {
+	if data, err := p.fs.LoadResourceFile(domain, p.lang, name); err == nil {
+		return data
+	}
+	if p.lang != "default" {
+		if data, err := p.fs.LoadResourceFile(domain, "default", name); err == nil {
+			return data
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+/*
+Package mo provides support for reading and writing GNU MO file.
+
+Examples:
+	import (
+		"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/mo"
+	)
+
+	func main() {
+		moFile, err := mo.LoadFile("test.mo")
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("%v", moFile)
+	}
+
+GNU MO file struct:
+
+	        byte
+	             +------------------------------------------+
+	          0  | magic number = 0x950412de                |
+	             |                                          |
+	          4  | file format revision = 0                 |
+	             |                                          |
+	          8  | number of strings                        |  == N
+	             |                                          |
+	         12  | offset of table with original strings    |  == O
+	             |                                          |
+	         16  | offset of table with translation strings |  == T
+	             |                                          |
+	         20  | size of hashing table                    |  == S
+	             |                                          |
+	         24  | offset of hashing table                  |  == H
+	             |                                          |
+	             .                                          .
+	             .    (possibly more entries later)         .
+	             .                                          .
+	             |                                          |
+	          O  | length & offset 0th string  ----------------.
+	      O + 8  | length & offset 1st string  ------------------.
+	              ...                                    ...   | |
+	O + ((N-1)*8)| length & offset (N-1)th string           |  | |
+	             |                                          |  | |
+	          T  | length & offset 0th translation  ---------------.
+	      T + 8  | length & offset 1st translation  -----------------.
+	              ...                                    ...   | | | |
+	T + ((N-1)*8)| length & offset (N-1)th translation      |  | | | |
+	             |                                          |  | | | |
+	          H  | start hash table                         |  | | | |
+	              ...                                    ...   | | | |
+	  H + S * 4  | end hash table                           |  | | | |
+	             |                                          |  | | | |
+	             | NUL terminated 0th string  <----------------' | | |
+	             |                                          |    | | |
+	             | NUL terminated 1st string  <------------------' | |
+	             |                                          |      | |
+	              ...                                    ...       | |
+	             |                                          |      | |
+	             | NUL terminated 0th translation  <---------------' |
+	             |                                          |        |
+	             | NUL terminated 1st translation  <-----------------'
+	             |                                          |
+	              ...                                    ...
+	             |                                          |
+	             +------------------------------------------+
+
+The GNU MO file specification is at
+http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/MO-Files.html.
+*/
+package mo
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package mo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type moHeader struct {
+	MagicNumber  uint32
+	MajorVersion uint16
+	MinorVersion uint16
+	MsgIdCount   uint32
+	MsgIdOffset  uint32
+	MsgStrOffset uint32
+	HashSize     uint32
+	HashOffset   uint32
+}
+
+type moStrPos struct {
+	Size uint32 // must keep fields order
+	Addr uint32
+}
+
+func encodeFile(f *File) []byte {
+	hdr := &moHeader{
+		MagicNumber: MoMagicLittleEndian,
+	}
+	data := encodeData(hdr, f)
+	data = append(encodeHeader(hdr), data...)
+	return data
+}
+
+// encode data and init moHeader
+func encodeData(hdr *moHeader, f *File) []byte {
+	msgList := []Message{f.MimeHeader.toMessage()}
+	for _, v := range f.Messages {
+		if len(v.MsgId) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if len(v.MsgStr) == 0 && len(v.MsgStrPlural) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		msgList = append(msgList, v)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(msgList, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return msgList[i].less(&msgList[j])
+	})
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	var msgIdPosList = make([]moStrPos, len(msgList))
+	var msgStrPosList = make([]moStrPos, len(msgList))
+	for i, v := range msgList {
+		// write msgid
+		msgId := encodeMsgId(v)
+		msgIdPosList[i].Addr = uint32(buf.Len() + MoHeaderSize)
+		msgIdPosList[i].Size = uint32(len(msgId))
+		buf.WriteString(msgId)
+		// write msgstr
+		msgStr := encodeMsgStr(v)
+		msgStrPosList[i].Addr = uint32(buf.Len() + MoHeaderSize)
+		msgStrPosList[i].Size = uint32(len(msgStr))
+		buf.WriteString(msgStr)
+	}
+
+	hdr.MsgIdOffset = uint32(buf.Len() + MoHeaderSize)
+	binary.Write(&buf, binary.LittleEndian, msgIdPosList)
+	hdr.MsgStrOffset = uint32(buf.Len() + MoHeaderSize)
+	binary.Write(&buf, binary.LittleEndian, msgStrPosList)
+
+	hdr.MsgIdCount = uint32(len(msgList))
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+// must called after encodeData
+func encodeHeader(hdr *moHeader) []byte {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	binary.Write(&buf, binary.LittleEndian, hdr)
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+func encodeMsgId(v Message) string {
+	if v.MsgContext != "" && v.MsgIdPlural != "" {
+		return v.MsgContext + EotSeparator + v.MsgId + NulSeparator + v.MsgIdPlural
+	}
+	if v.MsgContext != "" && v.MsgIdPlural == "" {
+		return v.MsgContext + EotSeparator + v.MsgId
+	}
+	if v.MsgContext == "" && v.MsgIdPlural != "" {
+		return v.MsgId + NulSeparator + v.MsgIdPlural
+	}
+	return v.MsgId
+}
+
+func encodeMsgStr(v Message) string {
+	if v.MsgIdPlural != "" {
+		return strings.Join(v.MsgStrPlural, NulSeparator)
+	}
+	return v.MsgStr
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package mo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const (
+	MoHeaderSize        = 28
+	MoMagicLittleEndian = 0x950412de
+	MoMagicBigEndian    = 0xde120495
+
+	EotSeparator = "\x04" // msgctxt and msgid separator
+	NulSeparator = "\x00" // msgid and msgstr separator
+)
+
+// File represents an MO File.
+//
+// See http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/MO-Files.html
+type File struct {
+	MagicNumber  uint32
+	MajorVersion uint16
+	MinorVersion uint16
+	MsgIdCount   uint32
+	MsgIdOffset  uint32
+	MsgStrOffset uint32
+	HashSize     uint32
+	HashOffset   uint32
+	MimeHeader   Header
+	Messages     []Message
+}
+
+// Load loads mo file format data.
+func Load(data []byte) (*File, error) {
+	return loadData(data)
+}
+
+// Load loads a named mo file.
+func LoadFile(path string) (*File, error) {
+	data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return loadData(data)
+}
+
+func loadData(data []byte) (*File, error) {
+	r := bytes.NewReader(data)
+
+	var magicNumber uint32
+	if err := binary.Read(r, binary.LittleEndian, &magicNumber); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+	}
+	var bo binary.ByteOrder
+	switch magicNumber {
+	case MoMagicLittleEndian:
+		bo = binary.LittleEndian
+	case MoMagicBigEndian:
+		bo = binary.BigEndian
+	default:
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", "invalid magic number")
+	}
+
+	var header struct {
+		MajorVersion uint16
+		MinorVersion uint16
+		MsgIdCount   uint32
+		MsgIdOffset  uint32
+		MsgStrOffset uint32
+		HashSize     uint32
+		HashOffset   uint32
+	}
+	if err := binary.Read(r, bo, &header); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+	}
+	if v := header.MajorVersion; v != 0 && v != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", "invalid version number")
+	}
+	if v := header.MinorVersion; v != 0 && v != 1 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", "invalid version number")
+	}
+
+	msgIdStart := make([]uint32, header.MsgIdCount)
+	msgIdLen := make([]uint32, header.MsgIdCount)
+	if _, err := r.Seek(int64(header.MsgIdOffset), 0); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < int(header.MsgIdCount); i++ {
+		if err := binary.Read(r, bo, &msgIdLen[i]); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := binary.Read(r, bo, &msgIdStart[i]); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	msgStrStart := make([]int32, header.MsgIdCount)
+	msgStrLen := make([]int32, header.MsgIdCount)
+	if _, err := r.Seek(int64(header.MsgStrOffset), 0); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < int(header.MsgIdCount); i++ {
+		if err := binary.Read(r, bo, &msgStrLen[i]); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+		if err := binary.Read(r, bo, &msgStrStart[i]); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	file := &File{
+		MagicNumber:  magicNumber,
+		MajorVersion: header.MajorVersion,
+		MinorVersion: header.MinorVersion,
+		MsgIdCount:   header.MsgIdCount,
+		MsgIdOffset:  header.MsgIdOffset,
+		MsgStrOffset: header.MsgStrOffset,
+		HashSize:     header.HashSize,
+		HashOffset:   header.HashOffset,
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < int(header.MsgIdCount); i++ {
+		if _, err := r.Seek(int64(msgIdStart[i]), 0); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+		msgIdData := make([]byte, msgIdLen[i])
+		if _, err := r.Read(msgIdData); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if _, err := r.Seek(int64(msgStrStart[i]), 0); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+		msgStrData := make([]byte, msgStrLen[i])
+		if _, err := r.Read(msgStrData); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("gettext: %v", err)
+		}
+
+		if len(msgIdData) == 0 {
+			var msg = Message{
+				MsgId:  string(msgIdData),
+				MsgStr: string(msgStrData),
+			}
+			file.MimeHeader.fromMessage(&msg)
+		} else {
+			var msg = Message{
+				MsgId:  string(msgIdData),
+				MsgStr: string(msgStrData),
+			}
+			// Is this a context message?
+			if idx := strings.Index(msg.MsgId, EotSeparator); idx != -1 {
+				msg.MsgContext, msg.MsgId = msg.MsgId[:idx], msg.MsgId[idx+1:]
+			}
+			// Is this a plural message?
+			if idx := strings.Index(msg.MsgId, NulSeparator); idx != -1 {
+				msg.MsgId, msg.MsgIdPlural = msg.MsgId[:idx], msg.MsgId[idx+1:]
+				msg.MsgStrPlural = strings.Split(msg.MsgStr, NulSeparator)
+				msg.MsgStr = ""
+			}
+			file.Messages = append(file.Messages, msg)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return file, nil
+}
+
+// Save saves a mo file.
+func (f *File) Save(name string) error {
+	return ioutil.WriteFile(name, f.Data(), 0666)
+}
+
+// Save returns a mo file format data.
+func (f *File) Data() []byte {
+	return encodeFile(f)
+}
+
+// String returns the po format file string.
+func (f *File) String() string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "# version: %d.%d\n", f.MajorVersion, f.MinorVersion)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s\n", f.MimeHeader.String())
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\n")
+
+	for k, v := range f.Messages {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `msgid "%v"`+"\n", k)
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `msgstr "%s"`+"\n", v.MsgStr)
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\n")
+	}
+
+	return buf.String()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,109 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package mo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Header is the initial comments "SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE", "YEAR"
+// and "FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR" ought to be replaced by sensible information.
+//
+// See http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Header-Entry.html#Header-Entry
+type Header struct {
+	ProjectIdVersion        string // Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION
+	ReportMsgidBugsTo       string // Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>
+	POTCreationDate         string // POT-Creation-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE
+	PORevisionDate          string // PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE
+	LastTranslator          string // Last-Translator: FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>
+	LanguageTeam            string // Language-Team: golang-china
+	Language                string // Language: zh_CN
+	MimeVersion             string // MIME-Version: 1.0
+	ContentType             string // Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
+	ContentTransferEncoding string // Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+	PluralForms             string // Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n == 1 ? 0 : 1;
+	XGenerator              string // X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.5
+	UnknowFields            map[string]string
+}
+
+func (p *Header) fromMessage(msg *Message) {
+	if msg.MsgId != "" || msg.MsgStr == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	lines := strings.Split(msg.MsgStr, "\n")
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		idx := strings.Index(lines[i], ":")
+		if idx < 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		key := strings.TrimSpace(lines[i][:idx])
+		val := strings.TrimSpace(lines[i][idx+1:])
+		switch strings.ToUpper(key) {
+		case strings.ToUpper("Project-Id-Version"):
+			p.ProjectIdVersion = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Report-Msgid-Bugs-To"):
+			p.ReportMsgidBugsTo = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("POT-Creation-Date"):
+			p.POTCreationDate = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("PO-Revision-Date"):
+			p.PORevisionDate = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Last-Translator"):
+			p.LastTranslator = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Language-Team"):
+			p.LanguageTeam = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Language"):
+			p.Language = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("MIME-Version"):
+			p.MimeVersion = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Content-Type"):
+			p.ContentType = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Content-Transfer-Encoding"):
+			p.ContentTransferEncoding = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Plural-Forms"):
+			p.PluralForms = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("X-Generator"):
+			p.XGenerator = val
+		default:
+			if p.UnknowFields == nil {
+				p.UnknowFields = make(map[string]string)
+			}
+			p.UnknowFields[key] = val
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Header) toMessage() Message {
+	return Message{
+		MsgStr: p.String(),
+	}
+}
+
+// String returns the po format header string.
+func (p Header) String() string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `msgid ""`+"\n")
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `msgstr ""`+"\n")
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Project-Id-Version", p.ProjectIdVersion)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To", p.ReportMsgidBugsTo)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "POT-Creation-Date", p.POTCreationDate)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "PO-Revision-Date", p.PORevisionDate)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Last-Translator", p.LastTranslator)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Language-Team", p.LanguageTeam)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Language", p.Language)
+	if p.MimeVersion != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "MIME-Version", p.MimeVersion)
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Content-Type", p.ContentType)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Content-Transfer-Encoding", p.ContentTransferEncoding)
+	if p.XGenerator != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "X-Generator", p.XGenerator)
+	}
+	for k, v := range p.UnknowFields {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", k, v)
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package mo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+// A MO file is made up of many entries,
+// each entry holding the relation between an original untranslated string
+// and its corresponding translation.
+//
+// See http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/MO-Files.html
+type Message struct {
+	MsgContext   string   // msgctxt context
+	MsgId        string   // msgid untranslated-string
+	MsgIdPlural  string   // msgid_plural untranslated-string-plural
+	MsgStr       string   // msgstr translated-string
+	MsgStrPlural []string // msgstr[0] translated-string-case-0
+}
+
+// String returns the po format entry string.
+func (p Message) String() string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgid %s", encodePoString(p.MsgId))
+	if p.MsgIdPlural != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgid_plural %s", encodePoString(p.MsgIdPlural))
+	}
+	if p.MsgStr != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgstr %s", encodePoString(p.MsgStr))
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < len(p.MsgStrPlural); i++ {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgstr[%d] %s", i, encodePoString(p.MsgStrPlural[i]))
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func (m_i *Message) less(m_j *Message) bool {
+	if a, b := m_i.MsgContext, m_j.MsgContext; a != b {
+		return a < b
+	}
+	if a, b := m_i.MsgId, m_j.MsgId; a != b {
+		return a < b
+	}
+	if a, b := m_i.MsgIdPlural, m_j.MsgIdPlural; a != b {
+		return a < b
+	}
+	return false
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package mo
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func decodePoString(text string) string {
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		left := strings.Index(lines[i], `"`)
+		right := strings.LastIndex(lines[i], `"`)
+		if left < 0 || right < 0 || left == right {
+			lines[i] = ""
+			continue
+		}
+		line := lines[i][left+1 : right]
+		data := make([]byte, 0, len(line))
+		for i := 0; i < len(line); i++ {
+			if line[i] != '\\' {
+				data = append(data, line[i])
+				continue
+			}
+			if i+1 >= len(line) {
+				break
+			}
+			switch line[i+1] {
+			case 'n': // \\n -> \n
+				data = append(data, '\n')
+				i++
+			case 't': // \\t -> \n
+				data = append(data, '\t')
+				i++
+			case '\\': // \\\ -> ?
+				data = append(data, '\\')
+				i++
+			}
+		}
+		lines[i] = string(data)
+	}
+	return strings.Join(lines, "")
+}
+
+func encodePoString(text string) string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		if lines[i] == "" {
+			if i != len(lines)-1 {
+				buf.WriteString(`"\n"` + "\n")
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		buf.WriteRune('"')
+		for _, r := range lines[i] {
+			switch r {
+			case '\\':
+				buf.WriteString(`\\`)
+			case '"':
+				buf.WriteString(`\"`)
+			case '\n':
+				buf.WriteString(`\n`)
+			case '\t':
+				buf.WriteString(`\t`)
+			default:
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
+			}
+		}
+		buf.WriteString(`\n"` + "\n")
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func encodeCommentPoString(text string) string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	if len(lines) > 1 {
+		buf.WriteString(`""` + "\n")
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		if len(lines) > 0 {
+			buf.WriteString("#| ")
+		}
+		buf.WriteRune('"')
+		for _, r := range lines[i] {
+			switch r {
+			case '\\':
+				buf.WriteString(`\\`)
+			case '"':
+				buf.WriteString(`\"`)
+			case '\n':
+				buf.WriteString(`\n`)
+			case '\t':
+				buf.WriteString(`\t`)
+			default:
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
+			}
+		}
+		if i < len(lines)-1 {
+			buf.WriteString(`\n"` + "\n")
+		} else {
+			buf.WriteString(`"`)
+		}
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+/*
+Package plural provides standard plural formulas.
+
+Examples:
+	import (
+		"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/plural"
+	)
+
+	func main() {
+		enFormula := plural.Formula("en_US")
+		xxFormula := plural.Formula("zh_CN")
+
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", "en", enFormula(0))
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", "en", enFormula(1))
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", "en", enFormula(2))
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", "??", xxFormula(0))
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", "??", xxFormula(1))
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", "??", xxFormula(2))
+		fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", "??", xxFormula(9))
+		// Output:
+		// en: 0
+		// en: 0
+		// en: 1
+		// ??: 0
+		// ??: 0
+		// ??: 1
+		// ??: 8
+	}
+
+See http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Plural-forms.html
+*/
+package plural
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package plural
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Formula provides the language's standard plural formula.
+func Formula(lang string) func(n int) int {
+	if idx := index(lang); idx != -1 {
+		return formulaTable[fmtForms(FormsTable[idx].Value)]
+	}
+	if idx := index("??"); idx != -1 {
+		return formulaTable[fmtForms(FormsTable[idx].Value)]
+	}
+	return func(n int) int {
+		return n
+	}
+}
+
+func index(lang string) int {
+	for i := 0; i < len(FormsTable); i++ {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(lang, FormsTable[i].Lang) {
+			return i
+		}
+	}
+	return -1
+}
+
+func fmtForms(forms string) string {
+	forms = strings.TrimSpace(forms)
+	forms = strings.Replace(forms, " ", "", -1)
+	return forms
+}
+
+var formulaTable = map[string]func(n int) int{
+	fmtForms("nplurals=n; plural=n-1;"): func(n int) int {
+		if n > 0 {
+			return n - 1
+		}
+		return 0
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=1; plural=0;"): func(n int) int {
+		return 0
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n <= 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		return 1
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n <= 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		return 1
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n != 0 ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%10 == 1 && n%100 != 11 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n != 0 {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=n==1 ? 0 : n==2 ? 1 : 2;"): func(n int) int {
+		if n == 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n == 2 {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=n==1 ? 0 : (n==0 || (n%100 > 0 && n%100 < 20)) ? 1 : 2;"): func(n int) int {
+		if n == 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n == 0 || (n%100 > 0 && n%100 < 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%10 == 1 && n%100 != 11 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%10 >= 2 && (n%100 < 10 || n%100 >= 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%10 == 1 && n%100 != 11 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <= 4 && (n%100 < 10 || n%100 >= 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%10 == 1 && n%100 != 11 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <= 4 && (n%100 < 10 || n%100 >= 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%10 == 1 && n%100 != 11 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <= 4 && (n%100 < 10 || n%100 >= 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%10 == 1 && n%100 != 11 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <= 4 && (n%100 < 10 || n%100 >= 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%10 == 1 && n%100 != 11 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <= 4 && (n%100 < 10 || n%100 >= 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2;"): func(n int) int {
+		if n == 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n >= 2 && n <= 4 {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2;"): func(n int) int {
+		if n == 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n >= 2 && n <= 4 {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n == 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%10 >= 2 && n%10 <= 4 && (n%100 < 10 || n%100 >= 20) {
+			return 1
+		}
+		return 2
+	},
+	fmtForms("nplurals=4; plural=(n%100==1 ? 0 : n%100==2 ? 1 : n%100==3 || n%100==4 ? 2 : 3);"): func(n int) int {
+		if n%100 == 1 {
+			return 0
+		}
+		if n%100 == 2 {
+			return 1
+		}
+		if n%100 == 3 || n%100 == 4 {
+			return 2
+		}
+		return 3
+	},
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package plural
+
+// FormsTable are standard hard-coded plural rules.
+// The application developers and the translators need to understand them.
+//
+// See GNU's gettext library source code: gettext/gettext-tools/src/plural-table.c
+var FormsTable = []struct {
+	Lang     string
+	Language string
+	Value    string
+}{
+	{"??", "Unknown", "nplurals=1; plural=0;"},
+	{"ja", "Japanese", "nplurals=1; plural=0;"},
+	{"vi", "Vietnamese", "nplurals=1; plural=0;"},
+	{"ko", "Korean", "nplurals=1; plural=0;"},
+	{"en", "English", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"de", "German", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"nl", "Dutch", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"sv", "Swedish", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"da", "Danish", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"no", "Norwegian", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"nb", "Norwegian Bokmal", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"nn", "Norwegian Nynorsk", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"fo", "Faroese", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"es", "Spanish", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"pt", "Portuguese", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"it", "Italian", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"bg", "Bulgarian", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"el", "Greek", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"fi", "Finnish", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"et", "Estonian", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"he", "Hebrew", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"eo", "Esperanto", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"hu", "Hungarian", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"tr", "Turkish", "nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);"},
+	{"pt_BR", "Brazilian", "nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);"},
+	{"fr", "French", "nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);"},
+	{"lv", "Latvian", "nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n != 0 ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"ga", "Irish", "nplurals=3; plural=n==1 ? 0 : n==2 ? 1 : 2;"},
+	{"ro", "Romanian", "nplurals=3; plural=n==1 ? 0 : (n==0 || (n%100 > 0 && n%100 < 20)) ? 1 : 2;"},
+	{"lt", "Lithuanian", "nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"ru", "Russian", "nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"uk", "Ukrainian", "nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"be", "Belarusian", "nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"sr", "Serbian", "nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"hr", "Croatian", "nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"cs", "Czech", "nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2;"},
+	{"sk", "Slovak", "nplurals=3; plural=(n==1) ? 0 : (n>=2 && n<=4) ? 1 : 2;"},
+	{"pl", "Polish", "nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);"},
+	{"sl", "Slovenian", "nplurals=4; plural=(n%100==1 ? 0 : n%100==2 ? 1 : n%100==3 || n%100==4 ? 2 : 3);"},
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package po
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Comment represents every message's comments.
+type Comment struct {
+	StartLine         int      // comment start line
+	TranslatorComment string   // #  translator-comments // TrimSpace
+	ExtractedComment  string   // #. extracted-comments
+	ReferenceFile     []string // #: src/msgcmp.c:338 src/po-lex.c:699
+	ReferenceLine     []int    // #: src/msgcmp.c:338 src/po-lex.c:699
+	Flags             []string // #, fuzzy,c-format,range:0..10
+	PrevMsgContext    string   // #| msgctxt previous-context
+	PrevMsgId         string   // #| msgid previous-untranslated-string
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) less(q *Comment) bool {
+	if p.StartLine != 0 || q.StartLine != 0 {
+		return p.StartLine < q.StartLine
+	}
+	if a, b := len(p.ReferenceFile), len(q.ReferenceFile); a != b {
+		return a < b
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < len(p.ReferenceFile); i++ {
+		if a, b := p.ReferenceFile[i], q.ReferenceFile[i]; a != b {
+			return a < b
+		}
+		if a, b := p.ReferenceLine[i], q.ReferenceLine[i]; a != b {
+			return a < b
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readPoComment(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	*p = Comment{}
+	if err = r.skipBlankLine(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer func(oldPos int) {
+		newPos := r.currentPos()
+		if newPos != oldPos && err == io.EOF {
+			err = nil
+		}
+	}(r.currentPos())
+
+	p.StartLine = r.currentPos() + 1
+	for {
+		var s string
+		if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if len(s) == 0 || s[0] != '#' {
+			return
+		}
+
+		if err = p.readTranslatorComment(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readExtractedComment(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readReferenceComment(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readFlagsComment(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readPrevMsgContext(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readPrevMsgId(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readTranslatorComment(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	const prefix = "# " // .,:|
+	for {
+		var s string
+		if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(s) < 1 || s[0] != '#' {
+			r.unreadLine()
+			return nil
+		}
+		if len(s) >= 2 {
+			switch s[1] {
+			case '.', ',', ':', '|':
+				r.unreadLine()
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		if p.TranslatorComment != "" {
+			p.TranslatorComment += "\n"
+		}
+		p.TranslatorComment += strings.TrimSpace(s[1:])
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readExtractedComment(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	const prefix = "#."
+	for {
+		var s string
+		if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(s) < len(prefix) || s[:len(prefix)] != prefix {
+			r.unreadLine()
+			return nil
+		}
+		if p.ExtractedComment != "" {
+			p.ExtractedComment += "\n"
+		}
+		p.ExtractedComment += strings.TrimSpace(s[len(prefix):])
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readReferenceComment(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	const prefix = "#:"
+	for {
+		var s string
+		if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(s) < len(prefix) || s[:len(prefix)] != prefix {
+			r.unreadLine()
+			return nil
+		}
+		ss := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(s[len(prefix):]), " ")
+		for i := 0; i < len(ss); i++ {
+			idx := strings.Index(ss[i], ":")
+			if idx <= 0 {
+				continue
+			}
+			name := strings.TrimSpace(ss[i][:idx])
+			line, _ := strconv.Atoi(strings.TrimSpace(ss[i][idx+1:]))
+			p.ReferenceFile = append(p.ReferenceFile, name)
+			p.ReferenceLine = append(p.ReferenceLine, line)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readFlagsComment(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	const prefix = "#,"
+	for {
+		var s string
+		if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if len(s) < len(prefix) || s[:len(prefix)] != prefix {
+			r.unreadLine()
+			return nil
+		}
+		ss := strings.Split(strings.TrimSpace(s[len(prefix):]), ",")
+		for i := 0; i < len(ss); i++ {
+			p.Flags = append(p.Flags, strings.TrimSpace(ss[i]))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readPrevMsgContext(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !rePrevMsgContextComments.MatchString(s) {
+		return
+	}
+	p.PrevMsgContext, err = p.readString(r)
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readPrevMsgId(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !rePrevMsgIdComments.MatchString(s) {
+		return
+	}
+	p.PrevMsgId, err = p.readString(r)
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *Comment) readString(r *lineReader) (msg string, err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	msg += decodePoString(s)
+	for {
+		if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if !reStringLineComments.MatchString(s) {
+			r.unreadLine()
+			break
+		}
+		msg += decodePoString(s)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// GetFuzzy gets the fuzzy flag.
+func (p *Comment) GetFuzzy() bool {
+	for _, s := range p.Flags {
+		if s == "fuzzy" {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// SetFuzzy sets the fuzzy flag.
+func (p *Comment) SetFuzzy(fuzzy bool) {
+	//
+}
+
+// String returns the po format comment string.
+func (p Comment) String() string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	if p.TranslatorComment != "" {
+		ss := strings.Split(p.TranslatorComment, "\n")
+		for i := 0; i < len(ss); i++ {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "# %s\n", ss[i])
+		}
+	}
+	if p.ExtractedComment != "" {
+		ss := strings.Split(p.ExtractedComment, "\n")
+		for i := 0; i < len(ss); i++ {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "#. %s\n", ss[i])
+		}
+	}
+	if a, b := len(p.ReferenceFile), len(p.ReferenceLine); a != 0 && a == b {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "#:")
+		for i := 0; i < len(p.ReferenceFile); i++ {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " %s:%d", p.ReferenceFile[i], p.ReferenceLine[i])
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\n")
+	}
+	if len(p.Flags) != 0 {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "#, %s", p.Flags[0])
+		for i := 1; i < len(p.Flags); i++ {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&buf, ", %s", p.Flags[i])
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\n")
+	}
+	if p.PrevMsgContext != "" {
+		s := encodeCommentPoString(p.PrevMsgContext)
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "#| msgctxt %s\n", s)
+	}
+	if p.PrevMsgId != "" {
+		s := encodeCommentPoString(p.PrevMsgId)
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "#| msgid %s\n", s)
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+/*
+Package po provides support for reading and writing GNU PO file.
+
+Examples:
+	import (
+		"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/po"
+	)
+
+	func main() {
+		poFile, err := po.LoadFile("test.po")
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal(err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("%v", poFile)
+	}
+
+The GNU PO file specification is at
+http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html.
+*/
+package po
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package po
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"sort"
+)
+
+// File represents an PO File.
+//
+// See http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html
+type File struct {
+	MimeHeader Header
+	Messages   []Message
+}
+
+// Load loads po file format data.
+func Load(data []byte) (*File, error) {
+	return loadData(data)
+}
+
+// LoadFile loads a named po file.
+func LoadFile(path string) (*File, error) {
+	data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return loadData(data)
+}
+
+func loadData(data []byte) (*File, error) {
+	r := newLineReader(string(data))
+	var file File
+	for {
+		var msg Message
+		if err := msg.readPoEntry(r); err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				return &file, nil
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if msg.MsgId == "" {
+			file.MimeHeader.parseHeader(&msg)
+			continue
+		}
+		file.Messages = append(file.Messages, msg)
+	}
+}
+
+// Save saves a po file.
+func (f *File) Save(name string) error {
+	return ioutil.WriteFile(name, []byte(f.String()), 0666)
+}
+
+// Save returns a po file format data.
+func (f *File) Data() []byte {
+	// sort the massge as ReferenceFile/ReferenceLine field
+	var messages []Message
+	messages = append(messages, f.Messages...)
+	sort.Slice(messages, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return messages[i].less(&messages[j])
+	})
+
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s\n", f.MimeHeader.String())
+	for i := 0; i < len(messages); i++ {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s\n", messages[i].String())
+	}
+	return buf.Bytes()
+}
+
+// String returns the po format file string.
+func (f *File) String() string {
+	return string(f.Data())
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package po
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Header is the initial comments "SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE", "YEAR"
+// and "FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR" ought to be replaced by sensible information.
+//
+// See http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/Header-Entry.html#Header-Entry
+type Header struct {
+	Comment                        // Header Comments
+	ProjectIdVersion        string // Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION
+	ReportMsgidBugsTo       string // Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>
+	POTCreationDate         string // POT-Creation-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE
+	PORevisionDate          string // PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE
+	LastTranslator          string // Last-Translator: FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>
+	LanguageTeam            string // Language-Team: golang-china
+	Language                string // Language: zh_CN
+	MimeVersion             string // MIME-Version: 1.0
+	ContentType             string // Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
+	ContentTransferEncoding string // Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+	PluralForms             string // Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n == 1 ? 0 : 1;
+	XGenerator              string // X-Generator: Poedit 1.5.5
+	UnknowFields            map[string]string
+}
+
+func (p *Header) parseHeader(msg *Message) {
+	if msg.MsgId != "" || msg.MsgStr == "" {
+		return
+	}
+	lines := strings.Split(msg.MsgStr, "\n")
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		idx := strings.Index(lines[i], ":")
+		if idx < 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		key := strings.TrimSpace(lines[i][:idx])
+		val := strings.TrimSpace(lines[i][idx+1:])
+		switch strings.ToUpper(key) {
+		case strings.ToUpper("Project-Id-Version"):
+			p.ProjectIdVersion = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Report-Msgid-Bugs-To"):
+			p.ReportMsgidBugsTo = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("POT-Creation-Date"):
+			p.POTCreationDate = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("PO-Revision-Date"):
+			p.PORevisionDate = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Last-Translator"):
+			p.LastTranslator = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Language-Team"):
+			p.LanguageTeam = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Language"):
+			p.Language = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("MIME-Version"):
+			p.MimeVersion = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Content-Type"):
+			p.ContentType = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Content-Transfer-Encoding"):
+			p.ContentTransferEncoding = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("Plural-Forms"):
+			p.PluralForms = val
+		case strings.ToUpper("X-Generator"):
+			p.XGenerator = val
+		default:
+			if p.UnknowFields == nil {
+				p.UnknowFields = make(map[string]string)
+			}
+			p.UnknowFields[key] = val
+		}
+	}
+	p.Comment = msg.Comment
+}
+
+// String returns the po format header string.
+func (p Header) String() string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s", p.Comment.String())
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `msgid ""`+"\n")
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `msgstr ""`+"\n")
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Project-Id-Version", p.ProjectIdVersion)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To", p.ReportMsgidBugsTo)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "POT-Creation-Date", p.POTCreationDate)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "PO-Revision-Date", p.PORevisionDate)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Last-Translator", p.LastTranslator)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Language-Team", p.LanguageTeam)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Language", p.Language)
+	if p.MimeVersion != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "MIME-Version", p.MimeVersion)
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Content-Type", p.ContentType)
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "Content-Transfer-Encoding", p.ContentTransferEncoding)
+	if p.XGenerator != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", "X-Generator", p.XGenerator)
+	}
+	for k, v := range p.UnknowFields {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, `"%s: %s\n"`+"\n", k, v)
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package po
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+type lineReader struct {
+	lines []string
+	pos   int
+}
+
+func newLineReader(data string) *lineReader {
+	data = strings.Replace(data, "\r", "", -1)
+	lines := strings.Split(data, "\n")
+	return &lineReader{lines: lines}
+}
+
+func (r *lineReader) skipBlankLine() error {
+	for ; r.pos < len(r.lines); r.pos++ {
+		if strings.TrimSpace(r.lines[r.pos]) != "" {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if r.pos >= len(r.lines) {
+		return io.EOF
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (r *lineReader) currentPos() int {
+	return r.pos
+}
+
+func (r *lineReader) currentLine() (s string, pos int, err error) {
+	if r.pos >= len(r.lines) {
+		err = io.EOF
+		return
+	}
+	s, pos = r.lines[r.pos], r.pos
+	return
+}
+
+func (r *lineReader) readLine() (s string, pos int, err error) {
+	if r.pos >= len(r.lines) {
+		err = io.EOF
+		return
+	}
+	s, pos = r.lines[r.pos], r.pos
+	r.pos++
+	return
+}
+
+func (r *lineReader) unreadLine() {
+	if r.pos >= 0 {
+		r.pos--
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package po
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// A PO file is made up of many entries,
+// each entry holding the relation between an original untranslated string
+// and its corresponding translation.
+//
+// See http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/html_node/PO-Files.html
+type Message struct {
+	Comment               // Coments
+	MsgContext   string   // msgctxt context
+	MsgId        string   // msgid untranslated-string
+	MsgIdPlural  string   // msgid_plural untranslated-string-plural
+	MsgStr       string   // msgstr translated-string
+	MsgStrPlural []string // msgstr[0] translated-string-case-0
+}
+
+func (p *Message) less(q *Message) bool {
+	if p.Comment.less(&q.Comment) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if a, b := p.MsgContext, q.MsgContext; a != b {
+		return a < b
+	}
+	if a, b := p.MsgId, q.MsgId; a != b {
+		return a < b
+	}
+	if a, b := p.MsgIdPlural, q.MsgIdPlural; a != b {
+		return a < b
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (p *Message) readPoEntry(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	*p = Message{}
+	if err = r.skipBlankLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	defer func(oldPos int) {
+		newPos := r.currentPos()
+		if newPos != oldPos && err == io.EOF {
+			err = nil
+		}
+	}(r.currentPos())
+
+	if err = p.Comment.readPoComment(r); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	for {
+		var s string
+		if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+
+		if p.isInvalidLine(s) {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("gettext: line %d, %v", r.currentPos(), "invalid line")
+			return
+		}
+		if reComment.MatchString(s) || reBlankLine.MatchString(s) {
+			return
+		}
+
+		if err = p.readMsgContext(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readMsgId(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readMsgIdPlural(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if err = p.readMsgStrOrPlural(r); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Message) readMsgContext(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !reMsgContext.MatchString(s) {
+		return
+	}
+	p.MsgContext, err = p.readString(r)
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *Message) readMsgId(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !reMsgId.MatchString(s) {
+		return
+	}
+	p.MsgId, err = p.readString(r)
+	return
+}
+
+func (p *Message) readMsgIdPlural(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !reMsgIdPlural.MatchString(s) {
+		return
+	}
+	p.MsgIdPlural, err = p.readString(r)
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *Message) readMsgStrOrPlural(r *lineReader) (err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.currentLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	if !reMsgStr.MatchString(s) && !reMsgStrPlural.MatchString(s) {
+		return
+	}
+	if reMsgStrPlural.MatchString(s) {
+		left, right := strings.Index(s, `[`), strings.LastIndex(s, `]`)
+		idx, _ := strconv.Atoi(s[left+1 : right])
+		s, err = p.readString(r)
+		if n := len(p.MsgStrPlural); (idx + 1) > n {
+			p.MsgStrPlural = append(p.MsgStrPlural, make([]string, (idx+1)-n)...)
+		}
+		p.MsgStrPlural[idx] = s
+	} else {
+		p.MsgStr, err = p.readString(r)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *Message) readString(r *lineReader) (msg string, err error) {
+	var s string
+	if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	msg += decodePoString(s)
+	for {
+		if s, _, err = r.readLine(); err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+		if !reStringLine.MatchString(s) {
+			r.unreadLine()
+			break
+		}
+		msg += decodePoString(s)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+// String returns the po format entry string.
+func (p Message) String() string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%s", p.Comment.String())
+	if p.MsgContext != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgctxt %s", encodePoString(p.MsgContext))
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgid %s", encodePoString(p.MsgId))
+	if p.MsgIdPlural != "" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgid_plural %s", encodePoString(p.MsgIdPlural))
+	}
+	if len(p.MsgStrPlural) == 0 {
+		if p.MsgStr != "" {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgstr %s", encodePoString(p.MsgStr))
+		} else {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgstr %s", `""`+"\n")
+		}
+	} else {
+		for i := 0; i < len(p.MsgStrPlural); i++ {
+			if p.MsgStrPlural[i] != "" {
+				fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgstr[%d] %s", i, encodePoString(p.MsgStrPlural[i]))
+			} else {
+				fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "msgstr[%d] %s", i, `""`+"\n")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package po
+
+import (
+	"regexp"
+)
+
+var (
+	reComment                = regexp.MustCompile(`^#`)              // #
+	reExtractedComments      = regexp.MustCompile(`^#\.`)            // #.
+	reReferenceComments      = regexp.MustCompile(`^#:`)             // #:
+	reFlagsComments          = regexp.MustCompile(`^#,`)             // #, fuzzy,c-format
+	rePrevMsgContextComments = regexp.MustCompile(`^#\|\s+msgctxt`)  // #| msgctxt
+	rePrevMsgIdComments      = regexp.MustCompile(`^#\|\s+msgid`)    // #| msgid
+	reStringLineComments     = regexp.MustCompile(`^#\|\s+".*"\s*$`) // #| "message"
+
+	reMsgContext   = regexp.MustCompile(`^msgctxt\s+".*"\s*$`)            // msgctxt
+	reMsgId        = regexp.MustCompile(`^msgid\s+".*"\s*$`)              // msgid
+	reMsgIdPlural  = regexp.MustCompile(`^msgid_plural\s+".*"\s*$`)       // msgid_plural
+	reMsgStr       = regexp.MustCompile(`^msgstr\s*".*"\s*$`)             // msgstr
+	reMsgStrPlural = regexp.MustCompile(`^msgstr\s*(\[\d+\])\s*".*"\s*$`) // msgstr[0]
+	reStringLine   = regexp.MustCompile(`^\s*".*"\s*$`)                   // "message"
+	reBlankLine    = regexp.MustCompile(`^\s*$`)                          //
+)
+
+func (p *Message) isInvalidLine(s string) bool {
+	if reComment.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if reBlankLine.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if reMsgContext.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if reMsgId.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if reMsgIdPlural.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if reMsgStr.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if reMsgStrPlural.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if reStringLine.MatchString(s) {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	return true
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package po
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func decodePoString(text string) string {
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		left := strings.Index(lines[i], `"`)
+		right := strings.LastIndex(lines[i], `"`)
+		if left < 0 || right < 0 || left == right {
+			lines[i] = ""
+			continue
+		}
+		line := lines[i][left+1 : right]
+		data := make([]byte, 0, len(line))
+		for i := 0; i < len(line); i++ {
+			if line[i] != '\\' {
+				data = append(data, line[i])
+				continue
+			}
+			if i+1 >= len(line) {
+				break
+			}
+			switch line[i+1] {
+			case 'n': // \\n -> \n
+				data = append(data, '\n')
+				i++
+			case 't': // \\t -> \n
+				data = append(data, '\t')
+				i++
+			case '\\': // \\\ -> ?
+				data = append(data, '\\')
+				i++
+			}
+		}
+		lines[i] = string(data)
+	}
+	return strings.Join(lines, "")
+}
+
+func encodePoString(text string) string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		if lines[i] == "" {
+			if i != len(lines)-1 {
+				buf.WriteString(`"\n"` + "\n")
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		buf.WriteRune('"')
+		for _, r := range lines[i] {
+			switch r {
+			case '\\':
+				buf.WriteString(`\\`)
+			case '"':
+				buf.WriteString(`\"`)
+			case '\n':
+				buf.WriteString(`\n`)
+			case '\t':
+				buf.WriteString(`\t`)
+			default:
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
+			}
+		}
+		if i < len(lines)-1 {
+			buf.WriteString(`\n"` + "\n")
+		} else {
+			buf.WriteString(`"` + "\n")
+		}
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
+
+func encodeCommentPoString(text string) string {
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	lines := strings.Split(text, "\n")
+	if len(lines) > 1 {
+		buf.WriteString(`""` + "\n")
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < len(lines); i++ {
+		if len(lines) > 0 {
+			buf.WriteString("#| ")
+		}
+		buf.WriteRune('"')
+		for _, r := range lines[i] {
+			switch r {
+			case '\\':
+				buf.WriteString(`\\`)
+			case '"':
+				buf.WriteString(`\"`)
+			case '\n':
+				buf.WriteString(`\n`)
+			case '\t':
+				buf.WriteString(`\t`)
+			default:
+				buf.WriteRune(r)
+			}
+		}
+		if i < len(lines)-1 {
+			buf.WriteString(`\n"` + "\n")
+		} else {
+			buf.WriteString(`"`)
+		}
+	}
+	return buf.String()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/mo"
+	"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/plural"
+	"github.com/chai2010/gettext-go/po"
+)
+
+var nilTranslator = &translator{
+	MessageMap:    make(map[string]mo.Message),
+	PluralFormula: plural.Formula("??"),
+}
+
+type translator struct {
+	MessageMap    map[string]mo.Message
+	PluralFormula func(n int) int
+}
+
+func newMoTranslator(name string, data []byte) (*translator, error) {
+	var (
+		f   *mo.File
+		err error
+	)
+	if len(data) != 0 {
+		f, err = mo.Load(data)
+	} else {
+		f, err = mo.LoadFile(name)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var tr = &translator{
+		MessageMap: make(map[string]mo.Message),
+	}
+	for _, v := range f.Messages {
+		tr.MessageMap[tr.makeMapKey(v.MsgContext, v.MsgId)] = v
+	}
+	if lang := f.MimeHeader.Language; lang != "" {
+		tr.PluralFormula = plural.Formula(lang)
+	} else {
+		tr.PluralFormula = plural.Formula("??")
+	}
+	return tr, nil
+}
+
+func newPoTranslator(name string, data []byte) (*translator, error) {
+	var (
+		f   *po.File
+		err error
+	)
+	if len(data) != 0 {
+		f, err = po.Load(data)
+	} else {
+		f, err = po.LoadFile(name)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var tr = &translator{
+		MessageMap: make(map[string]mo.Message),
+	}
+	for _, v := range f.Messages {
+		tr.MessageMap[tr.makeMapKey(v.MsgContext, v.MsgId)] = mo.Message{
+			MsgContext:   v.MsgContext,
+			MsgId:        v.MsgId,
+			MsgIdPlural:  v.MsgIdPlural,
+			MsgStr:       v.MsgStr,
+			MsgStrPlural: v.MsgStrPlural,
+		}
+	}
+	if lang := f.MimeHeader.Language; lang != "" {
+		tr.PluralFormula = plural.Formula(lang)
+	} else {
+		tr.PluralFormula = plural.Formula("??")
+	}
+	return tr, nil
+}
+
+func newJsonTranslator(lang, name string, jsonData []byte) (*translator, error) {
+	var msgList []struct {
+		MsgContext  string   `json:"msgctxt"`      // msgctxt context
+		MsgId       string   `json:"msgid"`        // msgid untranslated-string
+		MsgIdPlural string   `json:"msgid_plural"` // msgid_plural untranslated-string-plural
+		MsgStr      []string `json:"msgstr"`       // msgstr translated-string
+	}
+	if err := json.Unmarshal(jsonData, &msgList); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	var tr = &translator{
+		MessageMap:    make(map[string]mo.Message),
+		PluralFormula: plural.Formula(lang),
+	}
+
+	for _, v := range msgList {
+		var v_MsgStr string
+		var v_MsgStrPlural = v.MsgStr
+
+		if len(v.MsgStr) != 0 {
+			v_MsgStr = v.MsgStr[0]
+		}
+
+		tr.MessageMap[tr.makeMapKey(v.MsgContext, v.MsgId)] = mo.Message{
+			MsgContext:   v.MsgContext,
+			MsgId:        v.MsgId,
+			MsgIdPlural:  v.MsgIdPlural,
+			MsgStr:       v_MsgStr,
+			MsgStrPlural: v_MsgStrPlural,
+		}
+	}
+	return tr, nil
+}
+
+func (p *translator) PGettext(msgctxt, msgid string) string {
+	return p.findMsgStr(msgctxt, msgid)
+}
+
+func (p *translator) PNGettext(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string, n int) string {
+	n = p.PluralFormula(n)
+	if ss := p.findMsgStrPlural(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural); len(ss) != 0 {
+		if n >= len(ss) {
+			n = len(ss) - 1
+		}
+		if ss[n] != "" {
+			return ss[n]
+		}
+	}
+	if msgidPlural != "" && n > 0 {
+		return msgidPlural
+	}
+	return msgid
+}
+
+func (p *translator) findMsgStr(msgctxt, msgid string) string {
+	key := p.makeMapKey(msgctxt, msgid)
+	if v, ok := p.MessageMap[key]; ok {
+		if v.MsgStr != "" {
+			return v.MsgStr
+		}
+	}
+	return msgid
+}
+
+func (p *translator) findMsgStrPlural(msgctxt, msgid, msgidPlural string) []string {
+	key := p.makeMapKey(msgctxt, msgid)
+	if v, ok := p.MessageMap[key]; ok {
+		if len(v.MsgIdPlural) != 0 {
+			if len(v.MsgStrPlural) != 0 {
+				return v.MsgStrPlural
+			} else {
+				return nil
+			}
+		} else {
+			if len(v.MsgStr) != 0 {
+				return []string{v.MsgStr}
+			} else {
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *translator) makeMapKey(msgctxt, msgid string) string {
+	if msgctxt != "" {
+		return msgctxt + mo.EotSeparator + msgid
+	}
+	return msgid
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Copyright 2013 ChaiShushan <chaishushan{AT}gmail.com>. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package gettext
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+func getDefaultLanguage() string {
+	if v := os.Getenv("LC_MESSAGES"); v != "" {
+		return simplifiedLanguage(v)
+	}
+	if v := os.Getenv("LANG"); v != "" {
+		return simplifiedLanguage(v)
+	}
+	return "default"
+}
+
+func simplifiedLanguage(lang string) string {
+	// en_US/en_US.UTF-8/zh_CN/zh_TW/el_GR@euro/...
+	if idx := strings.Index(lang, ":"); idx != -1 {
+		lang = lang[:idx]
+	}
+	if idx := strings.Index(lang, "@"); idx != -1 {
+		lang = lang[:idx]
+	}
+	if idx := strings.Index(lang, "."); idx != -1 {
+		lang = lang[:idx]
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSpace(lang)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+target
+.env
@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
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+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
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+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
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+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
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+      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
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+      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
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+      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
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+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
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+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
+      (b) You must cause any modified files to carry prominent notices
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+
+      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
+          that You distribute, all copyright, patent, trademark, and
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+          the Derivative Works; and
+
+      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
+          distribution, then any Derivative Works that You distribute must
+          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
+          within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
+          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
+          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
+          as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
+          documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
+          within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
+          wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
+          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
+          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
+          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
+          or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
+          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
+          as modifying the License.
+
+      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+      the conditions stated in this License.
+
+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
+      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
+      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
+      of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
+      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
+      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+
+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
+      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
+      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "{}"
+      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
+      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
+      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
+      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
+      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
+      identification within third-party archives.
+
+   Copyright 2023-present Dylibso, Inc.
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
+	trace "go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp/trace/v1"
+)
+
+// The primary interface that every Adapter needs to follow
+// Start() and Stop() can just call the implementations on AdapterBase
+// or provide some custom logic. HandleTraceEvent is called after
+// an invocation of a wasm module is done and all events are collected.
+type Adapter interface {
+	Start(context.Context)
+	Stop(wait bool)
+	HandleTraceEvent(e TraceEvent)
+}
+
+// The payload that contains all the Events
+// from a single wasm module invocation
+type TraceEvent struct {
+	Events      []Event
+	TelemetryId TelemetryId
+	AdapterMeta interface{}
+}
+
+// Shared implementation for all Adapters
+type AdapterBase struct {
+	TraceEvents chan TraceEvent
+
+	stop        chan bool
+	eventBucket *EventBucket
+	flusher     Flusher
+}
+
+func (a *AdapterBase) NewTraceCtx(ctx context.Context, r wazero.Runtime, wasm []byte, opts *Options) (*TraceCtx, error) {
+	if opts == nil {
+		opts = NewDefaultOptions()
+	}
+	return newTraceCtx(ctx, a.TraceEvents, r, wasm, opts)
+}
+
+func NewAdapterBase(batchSize int, flushPeriod time.Duration) AdapterBase {
+	bucket := NewEventBucket(batchSize, flushPeriod)
+	return AdapterBase{
+		TraceEvents: make(chan TraceEvent, 100),
+		eventBucket: bucket,
+	}
+}
+
+func (b *AdapterBase) SetFlusher(f Flusher) {
+	b.flusher = f
+}
+
+func (b *AdapterBase) HandleTraceEvent(te TraceEvent) {
+	b.eventBucket.addEvent(te, b.flusher)
+}
+
+func (b *AdapterBase) Start(ctx context.Context, a Adapter) {
+	b.stop = make(chan bool)
+
+	go func() {
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				log.Println("context cancelled")
+				return
+			case event := <-b.TraceEvents:
+				a.HandleTraceEvent(event)
+			case <-b.stop:
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+// Stops the adapter and waits for all flushes to complete.
+// Set wait parameter to false if you don't want to wait
+func (b *AdapterBase) Stop(wait bool) {
+	b.stop <- true
+	if wait {
+		b.eventBucket.Wait()
+	}
+}
+
+// MakeOtelCallSpans recursively constructs call spans in open telemetry format
+func (b *AdapterBase) MakeOtelCallSpans(event CallEvent, parentId []byte, traceId string) []*trace.Span {
+	name := event.FunctionName()
+	span := NewOtelSpan(traceId, parentId, name, event.Time, event.Time.Add(event.Duration))
+	span.Attributes = append(span.Attributes, NewOtelKeyValueString("function-name", fmt.Sprintf("function-call-%s", name)))
+
+	spans := []*trace.Span{span}
+	for _, ev := range event.Within() {
+		if call, ok := ev.(CallEvent); ok {
+			spans = append(spans, b.MakeOtelCallSpans(call, span.SpanId, traceId)...)
+		}
+		if alloc, ok := ev.(MemoryGrowEvent); ok {
+			kv := NewOtelKeyValueInt64("allocation", int64(alloc.MemoryGrowAmount()))
+			i, existing := GetOtelAttrFromSpan("allocation", span)
+			if existing != nil {
+				span.Attributes[i] = AddOtelKeyValueInt64(kv, existing)
+			} else {
+				span.Attributes = append(span.Attributes, kv)
+			}
+		}
+		if tags, ok := ev.(SpanTagsEvent); ok {
+			for _, tag := range tags.Tags {
+				parts := strings.Split(tag, ":")
+				if len(parts) != 2 {
+					log.Printf("Invalid tag: %s\n", tag)
+					continue
+				}
+
+				kv := NewOtelKeyValueString(parts[0], parts[1])
+				span.Attributes = append(span.Attributes, kv)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return spans
+}
+
+// Definition of how to filter our Spans to reduce noise
+type SpanFilter struct {
+	MinDuration time.Duration
+}
+
+// Specify options to change what or how the adapter receives ObserveEvents
+type Options struct {
+	SpanFilter        *SpanFilter
+	ChannelBufferSize int
+}
+
+// Create a default configuration
+func NewDefaultOptions() *Options {
+	return &Options{
+		ChannelBufferSize: 1024,
+		SpanFilter: &SpanFilter{
+			MinDuration: time.Microsecond * 20,
+		},
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type Flusher interface {
+	Flush(events []TraceEvent) error
+}
+
+// EventBucket is a bucket for outgoing TraceEvents.
+// It only schedules flushes when the bucket goes from empty to 1 item.
+// At most the latency to flush the bucket will be flushPeriod.
+// It will also flush the TraceEvents in batches according to batch size
+type EventBucket struct {
+	mu          sync.Mutex
+	wg          sync.WaitGroup
+	bucket      []TraceEvent
+	flushPeriod time.Duration
+	batchSize   int
+}
+
+// NewEventBucket creates an EventBucket
+func NewEventBucket(batchSize int, flushPeriod time.Duration) *EventBucket {
+	return &EventBucket{
+		flushPeriod: flushPeriod,
+		batchSize:   batchSize,
+	}
+}
+
+// addEvent adds a TraceEvent and schedules to flush to Flusher if needed
+func (b *EventBucket) addEvent(e TraceEvent, f Flusher) {
+	b.mu.Lock()
+	wasEmpty := len(b.bucket) == 0
+	b.bucket = append(b.bucket, e)
+	b.mu.Unlock()
+	// if this is the first event in the bucket,
+	// we schedule a flush
+	if wasEmpty {
+		b.scheduleFlush(f)
+	}
+}
+
+// Wait will block until all pending flushes are done
+func (b *EventBucket) Wait() {
+	b.wg.Wait()
+}
+
+// scheduleFlush schedules a goroutine to flush
+// the bucket at some time in the future depending on flushPeriod.
+// Events will continue to build up until the flush comes due
+func (b *EventBucket) scheduleFlush(f Flusher) {
+	// we start this routine and immediately wait, we are effectively
+	// scheduling the flush to run flushPeriod sections later. In the meantime,
+	// events may still be coming into the eventBucket
+	go func() {
+		// register this flush with the wait group
+		defer b.wg.Done()
+		b.wg.Add(1)
+
+		// wait for flushPeriod
+		time.Sleep(b.flushPeriod)
+
+		// move the events out of the EventBucket to a slice
+		// and add 1 to the waitgroup
+		b.mu.Lock()
+		bucket := b.bucket
+		b.bucket = nil
+		b.mu.Unlock()
+
+		// flush the bucket in chunks of batchSize
+		for i := 0; i < len(bucket); i += b.batchSize {
+			j := i + b.batchSize
+			if j > len(bucket) {
+				j = len(bucket)
+			}
+			// TODO retry logic?
+			err := f.Flush(bucket[i:j])
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Println(err)
+			}
+		}
+	}()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/ianlancetaylor/demangle"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
+)
+
+type RawEventKind int
+
+const (
+	RawEnter RawEventKind = iota
+	RawExit
+	RawMemoryGrow
+	RawMetric
+	RawSpanTags
+	RawLog
+	RawUnknownEvent
+)
+
+type EventKind int
+
+const (
+	Call EventKind = iota
+	MemoryGrow
+	Custom
+	Metric
+	SpanTags
+	Log
+)
+
+type MetricFormat uint
+
+const (
+	StatsdFormat MetricFormat = 1
+)
+
+// Represents the raw event in our Observe form.
+// Events are transformed into vendor specific formats
+// in the Adapters.
+type RawEvent struct {
+	Kind             RawEventKind
+	Stack            []experimental.InternalFunction
+	FunctionIndex    uint32
+	FunctionName     string
+	MemoryGrowAmount uint32
+	Time             time.Time
+	Duration         time.Duration
+}
+
+type Event interface {
+	RawEvents() []RawEvent
+}
+
+type CallEvent struct {
+	Raw      []RawEvent
+	Time     time.Time
+	Duration time.Duration
+	within   []Event
+}
+
+func (e *CallEvent) Stop(at time.Time) {
+	e.Duration = at.Sub(e.Time)
+}
+
+func (e CallEvent) RawEvents() []RawEvent {
+	return e.Raw
+}
+
+func (e CallEvent) Within() []Event {
+	return e.within
+}
+
+type CustomEvent struct {
+	Time     time.Time
+	Name     string
+	Metadata map[string]interface{}
+}
+
+func NewCustomEvent(name string) CustomEvent {
+	return CustomEvent{
+		Time:     time.Now(),
+		Name:     name,
+		Metadata: map[string]interface{}{},
+	}
+}
+
+func (e CustomEvent) RawEvents() []RawEvent {
+	return []RawEvent{}
+}
+
+type MetricEvent struct {
+	Time    time.Time
+	Format  MetricFormat
+	Message string
+}
+
+type SpanTagsEvent struct {
+	Raw  RawEvent
+	Time time.Time
+	Tags []string
+}
+
+type MemoryGrowEvent struct {
+	Raw  RawEvent
+	Time time.Time
+}
+
+type LogLevel uint
+
+const (
+	Error LogLevel = 1
+	Warn           = 2
+	Info           = 3
+	Debug          = 4
+)
+
+type LogEvent struct {
+	Time    time.Time
+	Message string
+	Level   LogLevel
+}
+
+func (e MemoryGrowEvent) RawEvents() []RawEvent {
+	return []RawEvent{e.Raw}
+}
+
+func (e MemoryGrowEvent) FunctionName() string {
+	s, err := demangle.ToString(e.Raw.FunctionName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return e.Raw.FunctionName
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (e MemoryGrowEvent) FunctionIndex() uint32 {
+	return e.Raw.FunctionIndex
+}
+
+func (e CallEvent) FunctionName() string {
+	s, err := demangle.ToString(e.Raw[0].FunctionName)
+	if err != nil {
+		return e.Raw[0].FunctionName
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (e CallEvent) FunctionIndex() uint32 {
+	return e.Raw[0].FunctionIndex
+}
+
+func (e MemoryGrowEvent) MemoryGrowAmount() uint32 {
+	return e.Raw.MemoryGrowAmount
+}
+
+func (e MetricEvent) RawEvents() []RawEvent {
+	return []RawEvent{}
+}
+
+func (e SpanTagsEvent) RawEvents() []RawEvent {
+	return []RawEvent{e.Raw}
+}
+
+func (e LogEvent) RawEvents() []RawEvent {
+	return []RawEvent{}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"context"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
+)
+
+// Implements the NewListener() method to satisfy the FunctionListener interface
+func (t *TraceCtx) NewListener(def api.FunctionDefinition) experimental.FunctionListener {
+	if def.GoFunction() == nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return t
+}
+
+// Implements the NewFunctionListener() method to satisfy the FunctionListener interface
+func (t *TraceCtx) NewFunctionListener(_ api.FunctionDefinition) experimental.FunctionListener {
+	return t
+}
+
+// Implements the Before() method to satisfy the FunctionListener interface.
+// This takes events from the wazero runtime and sends them to the `raw` channel on the TraceCtx.
+func (t *TraceCtx) Before(ctx context.Context, _ api.Module, def api.FunctionDefinition, inputs []uint64, stack experimental.StackIterator) {
+	var event RawEvent
+	name := def.Name()
+
+	switch name {
+	case "enter":
+		fallthrough
+	case "instrument_enter":
+		event.Kind = RawEnter
+		event.FunctionIndex = uint32(inputs[0])
+		event.FunctionName = t.names[event.FunctionIndex]
+	case "exit":
+		fallthrough
+	case "instrument_exit":
+		event.Kind = RawExit
+		event.FunctionIndex = uint32(inputs[0])
+		event.FunctionName = t.names[event.FunctionIndex]
+	case "memory-grow":
+		fallthrough
+	case "instrument_memory_grow":
+		event.Kind = RawMemoryGrow
+		event.MemoryGrowAmount = uint32(inputs[0])
+
+		// manual events
+	case "span-enter":
+		fallthrough
+	case "span_enter":
+		event.Kind = RawEnter
+	case "span-exit":
+		fallthrough
+	case "span_exit":
+		event.Kind = RawExit
+	case "span-tags":
+		fallthrough
+	case "span_tags":
+		event.Kind = RawSpanTags
+	case "metric":
+		return
+	case "log":
+		return
+	default:
+		event.Kind = RawUnknownEvent
+	}
+	for stack.Next() {
+		f := stack.Function()
+		event.Stack = append(event.Stack, f)
+	}
+	t.raw <- event
+}
+
+// Null implementation of the After() method to satisfy the FunctionListener interface.
+func (t *TraceCtx) After(context.Context, api.Module, api.FunctionDefinition, []uint64) {}
+
+// Null implementation of the Abort() method to satisfy the FunctionListener interface.
+func (t *TraceCtx) Abort(context.Context, api.Module, api.FunctionDefinition, error) {}
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"time"
+
+	common "go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp/common/v1"
+	resource "go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp/resource/v1"
+	trace "go.opentelemetry.io/proto/otlp/trace/v1"
+)
+
+type OtelTrace struct {
+	TraceId    string
+	TracesData *trace.TracesData
+}
+
+func NewOtelTrace(traceId string, serviceName string, spans []*trace.Span) *OtelTrace {
+	return &OtelTrace{
+		TraceId: traceId,
+		TracesData: &trace.TracesData{
+			ResourceSpans: []*trace.ResourceSpans{
+				{
+					Resource: &resource.Resource{
+						Attributes: []*common.KeyValue{
+							NewOtelKeyValueString("service.name", serviceName),
+						},
+					},
+					ScopeSpans: []*trace.ScopeSpans{
+						{
+							Spans: spans,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func (t *OtelTrace) SetMetadata(te *TraceEvent, meta map[string]string) {
+	for _, rs := range t.TracesData.ResourceSpans {
+		for _, ss := range rs.ScopeSpans {
+			for _, span := range ss.Spans {
+				for key, value := range meta {
+					span.Attributes = append(span.Attributes, NewOtelKeyValueString(key, value))
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func NewOtelSpan(traceId string, parentId []byte, name string, start, end time.Time) *trace.Span {
+	if parentId == nil {
+		parentId = []byte{}
+	}
+
+	traceIdB, err := hex.DecodeString(traceId)
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	spanId := NewSpanId().Msb()
+	spanIdB := make([]byte, 8)
+	binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(spanIdB, spanId)
+
+	return &trace.Span{
+		TraceId:           traceIdB,
+		SpanId:            spanIdB,
+		ParentSpanId:      parentId,
+		Name:              name,
+		Kind:              1,
+		StartTimeUnixNano: uint64(start.UnixNano()),
+		EndTimeUnixNano:   uint64(end.UnixNano()),
+		// uses empty defaults for remaining fields...
+	}
+}
+
+func NewOtelKeyValueString(key string, value string) *common.KeyValue {
+	strVal := &common.AnyValue_StringValue{
+		StringValue: value,
+	}
+	return &common.KeyValue{
+		Key: key,
+		Value: &common.AnyValue{
+			Value: strVal,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func NewOtelKeyValueInt64(key string, value int64) *common.KeyValue {
+	intVal := &common.AnyValue_IntValue{
+		IntValue: value,
+	}
+	return &common.KeyValue{
+		Key: key,
+		Value: &common.AnyValue{
+			Value: intVal,
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+func GetOtelAttrFromSpan(attr string, span *trace.Span) (int, *common.KeyValue) {
+	for i, attr := range span.Attributes {
+		if attr.Key == "allocation" {
+			return i, attr
+		}
+	}
+	return -1, nil
+}
+
+func AddOtelKeyValueInt64(kvs ...*common.KeyValue) *common.KeyValue {
+	if len(kvs) > 0 {
+		retKv := &common.KeyValue{
+			Key:   kvs[0].Key,
+			Value: kvs[0].Value,
+		}
+		for i := 1; i < len(kvs); i++ {
+			v, ok := retKv.Value.Value.(*common.AnyValue_IntValue)
+			if ok {
+				curr, ok := kvs[i].Value.Value.(*common.AnyValue_IntValue)
+				if ok {
+					intVal := &common.AnyValue_IntValue{
+						IntValue: v.IntValue + curr.IntValue,
+					}
+					retKv.Value.Value = intVal
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		return retKv
+	}
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math/rand"
+	"time"
+)
+
+// This is a shared type for a span or trace id.
+// It's represented by 2 uint64s and can be transformed
+// to different string or int representations where needed.
+type TelemetryId struct {
+	lsb uint64
+	msb uint64
+}
+
+var rng rand.Source
+
+func init() {
+	rng = rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())
+}
+
+// Create a new trace id
+func NewTraceId() TelemetryId {
+	return TelemetryId{
+		msb: uint64(rng.Int63()),
+		lsb: uint64(rng.Int63()),
+	}
+}
+
+// Create a new span id
+func NewSpanId() TelemetryId {
+	return TelemetryId{
+		msb: uint64(rng.Int63()),
+		lsb: uint64(rng.Int63()),
+	}
+}
+
+func (id TelemetryId) Msb() uint64 {
+	return id.msb
+}
+
+func (id TelemetryId) Lsb() uint64 {
+	return id.lsb
+}
+
+// Encode this id into an 8 byte hex (16 chars)
+// Just uses the least significant of the 16 bytes
+func (t TelemetryId) ToHex8() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%016x", t.lsb)
+}
+
+// Encode this id into a 16 byte hex (32 chars)
+// Uses both 16 byte uint64 values
+func (t TelemetryId) ToHex16() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("%016x%016x", t.msb, t.lsb)
+}
+
+// Some adapters may need a raw representation
+func (t TelemetryId) ToUint64() uint64 {
+	return t.lsb
+}
+
+func (t *TelemetryId) FromBytes(id []byte) error {
+	if len(id) != 16 {
+		return errors.New("TraceID must be 16 bytes")
+	}
+
+	t.msb = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(id)
+	t.lsb = binary.BigEndian.Uint64(id[8:])
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *TelemetryId) FromString(id string) error {
+	b, err := hex.DecodeString(id)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return t.FromBytes(b)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/api"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wazero/experimental"
+)
+
+// TraceCtx holds the context for a trace, or wasm module invocation.
+// It collects holds a channel to the Adapter and from the wazero Listener
+// It will collect events throughout the invocation of the function. Calling
+// Finish() will then submit those events to the Adapter to be processed and sent
+type TraceCtx struct {
+	adapter     chan TraceEvent
+	raw         chan RawEvent
+	events      []Event
+	stack       []CallEvent
+	Options     *Options
+	names       map[uint32]string
+	telemetryId TelemetryId
+	adapterMeta interface{}
+}
+
+// Creates a new TraceCtx. Used internally by the Adapter. The user should create the trace context from the Adapter.
+func newTraceCtx(ctx context.Context, eventsChan chan TraceEvent, r wazero.Runtime, data []byte, opts *Options) (*TraceCtx, error) {
+	names, err := parseNames(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if opts.ChannelBufferSize == 0 {
+		opts.ChannelBufferSize = 64 // set a reasonable minimum here so unset option doesn't block execution on an unbuffered channel
+	}
+
+	traceCtx := &TraceCtx{
+		adapter:     eventsChan,
+		raw:         make(chan RawEvent, opts.ChannelBufferSize),
+		names:       names,
+		telemetryId: NewTraceId(),
+		Options:     opts,
+	}
+
+	err = traceCtx.init(ctx, r)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return traceCtx, nil
+}
+
+func (t *TraceCtx) SetTraceId(id string) error {
+	return t.telemetryId.FromString(id)
+}
+
+func (t *TraceCtx) Metadata(metadata interface{}) {
+	t.adapterMeta = metadata
+}
+
+// Finish() will stop the trace and send the
+// TraceEvent payload to the adapter
+func (t *TraceCtx) Finish() {
+	traceEvent := TraceEvent{
+		Events:      t.events,
+		TelemetryId: t.telemetryId,
+		AdapterMeta: t.adapterMeta,
+	}
+	t.adapter <- traceEvent
+	// clear the trace context
+	t.events = nil
+	t.telemetryId = NewTraceId()
+}
+
+// Attaches the wazero FunctionListener to the context
+func (t *TraceCtx) withListener(ctx context.Context) context.Context {
+	return experimental.WithFunctionListenerFactory(ctx, t)
+}
+
+// Initializes the TraceCtx. This connects up the channels with events from the FunctionListener.
+// Should only be called once.
+func (t *TraceCtx) init(ctx context.Context, r wazero.Runtime) error {
+	ctx = t.withListener(ctx)
+
+	if r.Module("dylibso_observe") != nil || r.Module("dylibso:observe/instrument") != nil ||
+		r.Module("dylibso:observe/api") != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	enterFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, i uint32) {
+		start := time.Now()
+		ev := <-t.raw
+
+		t.enter(ev, start)
+	}
+
+	spanEnterFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, ptr uint32, len uint32) {
+		start := time.Now()
+		ev := <-t.raw
+
+		functionName, ok := m.Memory().Read(ptr, len)
+		if !ok {
+			log.Printf("span_enter: failed to read memory at offset %v with length %v\n", ptr, len)
+		}
+
+		ev.FunctionName = string(functionName)
+
+		t.enter(ev, start)
+	}
+
+	oldSpanEnterFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, ptr uint64, len uint32) {
+		spanEnterFunc(ctx, m, uint32(ptr), len)
+	}
+
+	exitFunc := func(ctx context.Context, i uint32) {
+		end := time.Now()
+		ev := <-t.raw
+
+		t.exit(ev, end)
+	}
+
+	spanExitFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module) {
+		end := time.Now()
+		ev := <-t.raw
+
+		t.exit(ev, end)
+	}
+
+	memoryGrowFunc := func(ctx context.Context, amt uint32) {
+		ev := <-t.raw
+		if ev.Kind != RawMemoryGrow {
+			log.Println("Expected event", MemoryGrow, "but got", ev.Kind)
+			return
+		}
+
+		if len(t.stack) > 0 {
+			f := t.stack[len(t.stack)-1]
+			ev.FunctionIndex = f.FunctionIndex()
+			ev.FunctionName = f.FunctionName()
+		}
+
+		event := MemoryGrowEvent{
+			Raw:  ev,
+			Time: time.Now(),
+		}
+
+		fn, ok := t.popFunction()
+		if !ok {
+			t.events = append(t.events, event)
+			return
+		}
+		fn.within = append(fn.within, event)
+		t.pushFunction(fn)
+	}
+
+	metricFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, f uint32, ptr uint32, l uint32) {
+		format := MetricFormat(f)
+		buffer, ok := m.Memory().Read(ptr, l)
+		if !ok {
+			log.Printf("metric: failed to read memory at offset %v with length %v\n", ptr, l)
+		}
+
+		event := MetricEvent{
+			Time:    time.Now(),
+			Format:  format,
+			Message: string(buffer),
+		}
+
+		fn, ok := t.popFunction()
+		if !ok {
+			t.events = append(t.events, event)
+			return
+		}
+		fn.within = append(fn.within, event)
+		t.pushFunction(fn)
+	}
+
+	oldMetricFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, f uint32, ptr uint64, len uint32) {
+		metricFunc(ctx, m, f, uint32(ptr), len)
+	}
+
+	spanTagsFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, ptr uint32, len uint32) {
+		buffer, ok := m.Memory().Read(ptr, len)
+		if !ok {
+			log.Printf("span-tags: failed to read memory at offset %v with length %v\n", ptr, len)
+		}
+
+		ev := <-t.raw
+		if ev.Kind != RawSpanTags {
+			log.Println("Expected event", SpanTags, "but got", ev.Kind)
+			return
+		}
+
+		event := SpanTagsEvent{
+			Time: time.Now(),
+			Raw:  ev,
+			Tags: strings.Split(string(buffer), ","),
+		}
+
+		fn, ok := t.popFunction()
+		if !ok {
+			t.events = append(t.events, event)
+			return
+		}
+		fn.within = append(fn.within, event)
+		t.pushFunction(fn)
+	}
+
+	oldSpanTagsFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, ptr uint64, len uint32) {
+		spanTagsFunc(ctx, m, uint32(ptr), len)
+	}
+
+	logFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, l uint32, ptr uint32, len uint32) {
+		if l < uint32(Error) || l > uint32(Debug) {
+			log.Printf("log: invalid log level %v\n", l)
+		}
+
+		level := LogLevel(l)
+
+		buffer, ok := m.Memory().Read(ptr, len)
+		if !ok {
+			log.Printf("log: failed to read memory at offset %v with length %v\n", ptr, len)
+		}
+
+		event := LogEvent{
+			Time:    time.Now(),
+			Level:   level,
+			Message: string(buffer),
+		}
+
+		fn, ok := t.popFunction()
+		if !ok {
+			t.events = append(t.events, event)
+			return
+		}
+		fn.within = append(fn.within, event)
+		t.pushFunction(fn)
+	}
+
+	oldLogFunc := func(ctx context.Context, m api.Module, l uint32, ptr uint64, len uint32) {
+		logFunc(ctx, m, l, uint32(ptr), len)
+	}
+
+	// instrument api
+	{
+		instrument := r.NewHostModuleBuilder("dylibso:observe/instrument")
+		instrFunctions := instrument.NewFunctionBuilder()
+		instrFunctions.WithFunc(enterFunc).Export("enter")
+		instrFunctions.WithFunc(exitFunc).Export("exit")
+		instrFunctions.WithFunc(memoryGrowFunc).Export("memory-grow")
+		_, err := instrument.Instantiate(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	// manual api
+	{
+		api := r.NewHostModuleBuilder("dylibso:observe/api")
+		apiFunctions := api.NewFunctionBuilder()
+		apiFunctions.WithFunc(spanEnterFunc).Export("span-enter")
+		apiFunctions.WithFunc(spanExitFunc).Export("span-exit")
+		apiFunctions.WithFunc(spanTagsFunc).Export("span-tags")
+		apiFunctions.WithFunc(metricFunc).Export("metric")
+		apiFunctions.WithFunc(logFunc).Export("log")
+		_, err := api.Instantiate(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	//old api (combined instrument and manual api)
+	{
+		observe := r.NewHostModuleBuilder("dylibso_observe")
+		observeFunctions := observe.NewFunctionBuilder()
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(enterFunc).Export("instrument_enter")
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(exitFunc).Export("instrument_exit")
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(memoryGrowFunc).Export("instrument_memory_grow")
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(oldSpanEnterFunc).Export("span_enter")
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(spanExitFunc).Export("span_exit")
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(oldSpanTagsFunc).Export("span_tags")
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(oldMetricFunc).Export("metric")
+		observeFunctions.WithFunc(oldLogFunc).Export("log")
+		_, err := observe.Instantiate(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (t *TraceCtx) enter(ev RawEvent, start time.Time) {
+	if ev.Kind != RawEnter {
+		log.Println("Expected event", RawEnter, "but got", ev.Kind)
+	}
+	t.pushFunction(CallEvent{Raw: []RawEvent{ev}, Time: start})
+}
+
+func (t *TraceCtx) exit(ev RawEvent, end time.Time) {
+
+	if ev.Kind != RawExit {
+		log.Println("Expected event", RawExit, "but got", ev.Kind)
+		return
+	}
+	fn, ok := t.peekFunction()
+	if !ok {
+		log.Println("Expected values on started function stack, but none were found")
+		return
+	}
+	if ev.FunctionIndex != fn.FunctionIndex() {
+		log.Println("Expected call to", ev.FunctionIndex, "but found call to", fn.FunctionIndex())
+		return
+	}
+
+	fn, _ = t.popFunction()
+	fn.Stop(end)
+	fn.Raw = append(fn.Raw, ev)
+
+	// if there is no function left to pop, we are exiting the root function of the trace
+	f, ok := t.peekFunction()
+	if !ok {
+		t.events = append(t.events, fn)
+		return
+	}
+
+	// if the function duration is less than minimum duration, disregard
+	funcDuration := fn.Duration.Microseconds()
+	minSpanDuration := t.Options.SpanFilter.MinDuration.Microseconds()
+	if funcDuration < minSpanDuration {
+		// check for memory allocations and attribute them to the parent span
+		f, ok = t.popFunction()
+		if ok {
+			for _, ev := range fn.within {
+				switch e := ev.(type) {
+				case MemoryGrowEvent:
+					f.within = append(f.within, e)
+				}
+			}
+			t.pushFunction(f)
+		}
+		return
+	}
+
+	// the function is within another function
+	f, ok = t.popFunction()
+	if ok {
+		f.within = append(f.within, fn)
+		t.pushFunction(f)
+	}
+}
+
+// Pushes a function onto the stack
+func (t *TraceCtx) pushFunction(ev CallEvent) {
+	t.stack = append(t.stack, ev)
+}
+
+// Pops a function off the stack
+func (t *TraceCtx) popFunction() (CallEvent, bool) {
+	if len(t.stack) == 0 {
+		return CallEvent{}, false
+	}
+
+	event := t.stack[len(t.stack)-1]
+	t.stack = t.stack[:len(t.stack)-1]
+
+	return event, true
+}
+
+// Peek at the function on top of the stack without modifying
+func (t *TraceCtx) peekFunction() (CallEvent, bool) {
+	if len(t.stack) == 0 {
+		return CallEvent{}, false
+	}
+
+	return t.stack[len(t.stack)-1], true
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package observe
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"log"
+
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wabin/binary"
+	"github.com/tetratelabs/wabin/wasm"
+)
+
+// Parse the names of the functions out of the
+// names custom section in the wasm binary.
+func parseNames(data []byte) (map[uint32]string, error) {
+	features := wasm.CoreFeaturesV2
+	m, err := binary.DecodeModule(data, features)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	if m.NameSection == nil {
+		return nil, errors.New("Name section not found")
+	}
+
+	names := make(map[uint32]string, len(m.NameSection.FunctionNames))
+
+	for _, v := range m.NameSection.FunctionNames {
+		names[v.Index] = v.Name
+	}
+
+	warnOnDylibsoObserve := true
+	for _, item := range m.ImportSection {
+		if item.Module == "dylibso_observe" {
+			if warnOnDylibsoObserve {
+				warnOnDylibsoObserve = false
+				log.Println("Module uses deprecated namespace \"dylibso_observe\"!\n" +
+					"Please consider reinstrumenting with newer wasm-instr or Observe API!")
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return names, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Copyright (c) 2014, Evan Phoenix
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without 
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
+  list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
+  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
+  and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+* Neither the name of the Evan Phoenix nor the names of its contributors 
+  may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software 
+  without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" 
+AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE 
+IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE 
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE 
+FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL 
+DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR 
+SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER 
+CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, 
+OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE 
+OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+package jsonpatch
+
+import "fmt"
+
+// AccumulatedCopySizeError is an error type returned when the accumulated size
+// increase caused by copy operations in a patch operation has exceeded the
+// limit.
+type AccumulatedCopySizeError struct {
+	limit       int64
+	accumulated int64
+}
+
+// NewAccumulatedCopySizeError returns an AccumulatedCopySizeError.
+func NewAccumulatedCopySizeError(l, a int64) *AccumulatedCopySizeError {
+	return &AccumulatedCopySizeError{limit: l, accumulated: a}
+}
+
+// Error implements the error interface.
+func (a *AccumulatedCopySizeError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Unable to complete the copy, the accumulated size increase of copy is %d, exceeding the limit %d", a.accumulated, a.limit)
+}
+
+// ArraySizeError is an error type returned when the array size has exceeded
+// the limit.
+type ArraySizeError struct {
+	limit int
+	size  int
+}
+
+// NewArraySizeError returns an ArraySizeError.
+func NewArraySizeError(l, s int) *ArraySizeError {
+	return &ArraySizeError{limit: l, size: s}
+}
+
+// Error implements the error interface.
+func (a *ArraySizeError) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("Unable to create array of size %d, limit is %d", a.size, a.limit)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+// Copyright 2013 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package json
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"unicode/utf8"
+)
+
+const (
+	caseMask     = ^byte(0x20) // Mask to ignore case in ASCII.
+	kelvin       = '\u212a'
+	smallLongEss = '\u017f'
+)
+
+// foldFunc returns one of four different case folding equivalence
+// functions, from most general (and slow) to fastest:
+//
+// 1) bytes.EqualFold, if the key s contains any non-ASCII UTF-8
+// 2) equalFoldRight, if s contains special folding ASCII ('k', 'K', 's', 'S')
+// 3) asciiEqualFold, no special, but includes non-letters (including _)
+// 4) simpleLetterEqualFold, no specials, no non-letters.
+//
+// The letters S and K are special because they map to 3 runes, not just 2:
+//   - S maps to s and to U+017F 'ſ' Latin small letter long s
+//   - k maps to K and to U+212A 'K' Kelvin sign
+//
+// See https://play.golang.org/p/tTxjOc0OGo
+//
+// The returned function is specialized for matching against s and
+// should only be given s. It's not curried for performance reasons.
+func foldFunc(s []byte) func(s, t []byte) bool {
+	nonLetter := false
+	special := false // special letter
+	for _, b := range s {
+		if b >= utf8.RuneSelf {
+			return bytes.EqualFold
+		}
+		upper := b & caseMask
+		if upper < 'A' || upper > 'Z' {
+			nonLetter = true
+		} else if upper == 'K' || upper == 'S' {
+			// See above for why these letters are special.
+			special = true
+		}
+	}
+	if special {
+		return equalFoldRight
+	}
+	if nonLetter {
+		return asciiEqualFold
+	}
+	return simpleLetterEqualFold
+}
+
+// equalFoldRight is a specialization of bytes.EqualFold when s is
+// known to be all ASCII (including punctuation), but contains an 's',
+// 'S', 'k', or 'K', requiring a Unicode fold on the bytes in t.
+// See comments on foldFunc.
+func equalFoldRight(s, t []byte) bool {
+	for _, sb := range s {
+		if len(t) == 0 {
+			return false
+		}
+		tb := t[0]
+		if tb < utf8.RuneSelf {
+			if sb != tb {
+				sbUpper := sb & caseMask
+				if 'A' <= sbUpper && sbUpper <= 'Z' {
+					if sbUpper != tb&caseMask {
+						return false
+					}
+				} else {
+					return false
+				}
+			}
+			t = t[1:]
+			continue
+		}
+		// sb is ASCII and t is not. t must be either kelvin
+		// sign or long s; sb must be s, S, k, or K.
+		tr, size := utf8.DecodeRune(t)
+		switch sb {
+		case 's', 'S':
+			if tr != smallLongEss {
+				return false
+			}
+		case 'k', 'K':
+			if tr != kelvin {
+				return false
+			}
+		default:
+			return false
+		}
+		t = t[size:]
+
+	}
+	return len(t) == 0
+}
+
+// asciiEqualFold is a specialization of bytes.EqualFold for use when
+// s is all ASCII (but may contain non-letters) and contains no
+// special-folding letters.
+// See comments on foldFunc.
+func asciiEqualFold(s, t []byte) bool {
+	if len(s) != len(t) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for i, sb := range s {
+		tb := t[i]
+		if sb == tb {
+			continue
+		}
+		if ('a' <= sb && sb <= 'z') || ('A' <= sb && sb <= 'Z') {
+			if sb&caseMask != tb&caseMask {
+				return false
+			}
+		} else {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// simpleLetterEqualFold is a specialization of bytes.EqualFold for
+// use when s is all ASCII letters (no underscores, etc) and also
+// doesn't contain 'k', 'K', 's', or 'S'.
+// See comments on foldFunc.
+func simpleLetterEqualFold(s, t []byte) bool {
+	if len(s) != len(t) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for i, b := range s {
+		if b&caseMask != t[i]&caseMask {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+// Copyright 2019 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+//go:build gofuzz
+
+package json
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+func Fuzz(data []byte) (score int) {
+	for _, ctor := range []func() any{
+		func() any { return new(any) },
+		func() any { return new(map[string]any) },
+		func() any { return new([]any) },
+	} {
+		v := ctor()
+		err := Unmarshal(data, v)
+		if err != nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		score = 1
+
+		m, err := Marshal(v)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Printf("v=%#v\n", v)
+			panic(err)
+		}
+
+		u := ctor()
+		err = Unmarshal(m, u)
+		if err != nil {
+			fmt.Printf("v=%#v\n", v)
+			fmt.Printf("m=%s\n", m)
+			panic(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package json
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+)
+
+// Compact appends to dst the JSON-encoded src with
+// insignificant space characters elided.
+func Compact(dst *bytes.Buffer, src []byte) error {
+	return compact(dst, src, false)
+}
+
+func compact(dst *bytes.Buffer, src []byte, escape bool) error {
+	origLen := dst.Len()
+	scan := newScanner()
+	defer freeScanner(scan)
+	start := 0
+	for i, c := range src {
+		if escape && (c == '<' || c == '>' || c == '&') {
+			if start < i {
+				dst.Write(src[start:i])
+			}
+			dst.WriteString(`\u00`)
+			dst.WriteByte(hex[c>>4])
+			dst.WriteByte(hex[c&0xF])
+			start = i + 1
+		}
+		// Convert U+2028 and U+2029 (E2 80 A8 and E2 80 A9).
+		if escape && c == 0xE2 && i+2 < len(src) && src[i+1] == 0x80 && src[i+2]&^1 == 0xA8 {
+			if start < i {
+				dst.Write(src[start:i])
+			}
+			dst.WriteString(`\u202`)
+			dst.WriteByte(hex[src[i+2]&0xF])
+			start = i + 3
+		}
+		v := scan.step(scan, c)
+		if v >= scanSkipSpace {
+			if v == scanError {
+				break
+			}
+			if start < i {
+				dst.Write(src[start:i])
+			}
+			start = i + 1
+		}
+	}
+	if scan.eof() == scanError {
+		dst.Truncate(origLen)
+		return scan.err
+	}
+	if start < len(src) {
+		dst.Write(src[start:])
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func newline(dst *bytes.Buffer, prefix, indent string, depth int) {
+	dst.WriteByte('\n')
+	dst.WriteString(prefix)
+	for i := 0; i < depth; i++ {
+		dst.WriteString(indent)
+	}
+}
+
+// Indent appends to dst an indented form of the JSON-encoded src.
+// Each element in a JSON object or array begins on a new,
+// indented line beginning with prefix followed by one or more
+// copies of indent according to the indentation nesting.
+// The data appended to dst does not begin with the prefix nor
+// any indentation, to make it easier to embed inside other formatted JSON data.
+// Although leading space characters (space, tab, carriage return, newline)
+// at the beginning of src are dropped, trailing space characters
+// at the end of src are preserved and copied to dst.
+// For example, if src has no trailing spaces, neither will dst;
+// if src ends in a trailing newline, so will dst.
+func Indent(dst *bytes.Buffer, src []byte, prefix, indent string) error {
+	origLen := dst.Len()
+	scan := newScanner()
+	defer freeScanner(scan)
+	needIndent := false
+	depth := 0
+	for _, c := range src {
+		scan.bytes++
+		v := scan.step(scan, c)
+		if v == scanSkipSpace {
+			continue
+		}
+		if v == scanError {
+			break
+		}
+		if needIndent && v != scanEndObject && v != scanEndArray {
+			needIndent = false
+			depth++
+			newline(dst, prefix, indent, depth)
+		}
+
+		// Emit semantically uninteresting bytes
+		// (in particular, punctuation in strings) unmodified.
+		if v == scanContinue {
+			dst.WriteByte(c)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Add spacing around real punctuation.
+		switch c {
+		case '{', '[':
+			// delay indent so that empty object and array are formatted as {} and [].
+			needIndent = true
+			dst.WriteByte(c)
+
+		case ',':
+			dst.WriteByte(c)
+			newline(dst, prefix, indent, depth)
+
+		case ':':
+			dst.WriteByte(c)
+			dst.WriteByte(' ')
+
+		case '}', ']':
+			if needIndent {
+				// suppress indent in empty object/array
+				needIndent = false
+			} else {
+				depth--
+				newline(dst, prefix, indent, depth)
+			}
+			dst.WriteByte(c)
+
+		default:
+			dst.WriteByte(c)
+		}
+	}
+	if scan.eof() == scanError {
+		dst.Truncate(origLen)
+		return scan.err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,610 @@
+// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package json
+
+// JSON value parser state machine.
+// Just about at the limit of what is reasonable to write by hand.
+// Some parts are a bit tedious, but overall it nicely factors out the
+// otherwise common code from the multiple scanning functions
+// in this package (Compact, Indent, checkValid, etc).
+//
+// This file starts with two simple examples using the scanner
+// before diving into the scanner itself.
+
+import (
+	"strconv"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+// Valid reports whether data is a valid JSON encoding.
+func Valid(data []byte) bool {
+	scan := newScanner()
+	defer freeScanner(scan)
+	return checkValid(data, scan) == nil
+}
+
+// checkValid verifies that data is valid JSON-encoded data.
+// scan is passed in for use by checkValid to avoid an allocation.
+// checkValid returns nil or a SyntaxError.
+func checkValid(data []byte, scan *scanner) error {
+	scan.reset()
+	for _, c := range data {
+		scan.bytes++
+		if scan.step(scan, c) == scanError {
+			return scan.err
+		}
+	}
+	if scan.eof() == scanError {
+		return scan.err
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// A SyntaxError is a description of a JSON syntax error.
+// Unmarshal will return a SyntaxError if the JSON can't be parsed.
+type SyntaxError struct {
+	msg    string // description of error
+	Offset int64  // error occurred after reading Offset bytes
+}
+
+func (e *SyntaxError) Error() string { return e.msg }
+
+// A scanner is a JSON scanning state machine.
+// Callers call scan.reset and then pass bytes in one at a time
+// by calling scan.step(&scan, c) for each byte.
+// The return value, referred to as an opcode, tells the
+// caller about significant parsing events like beginning
+// and ending literals, objects, and arrays, so that the
+// caller can follow along if it wishes.
+// The return value scanEnd indicates that a single top-level
+// JSON value has been completed, *before* the byte that
+// just got passed in.  (The indication must be delayed in order
+// to recognize the end of numbers: is 123 a whole value or
+// the beginning of 12345e+6?).
+type scanner struct {
+	// The step is a func to be called to execute the next transition.
+	// Also tried using an integer constant and a single func
+	// with a switch, but using the func directly was 10% faster
+	// on a 64-bit Mac Mini, and it's nicer to read.
+	step func(*scanner, byte) int
+
+	// Reached end of top-level value.
+	endTop bool
+
+	// Stack of what we're in the middle of - array values, object keys, object values.
+	parseState []int
+
+	// Error that happened, if any.
+	err error
+
+	// total bytes consumed, updated by decoder.Decode (and deliberately
+	// not set to zero by scan.reset)
+	bytes int64
+}
+
+var scannerPool = sync.Pool{
+	New: func() any {
+		return &scanner{}
+	},
+}
+
+func newScanner() *scanner {
+	scan := scannerPool.Get().(*scanner)
+	// scan.reset by design doesn't set bytes to zero
+	scan.bytes = 0
+	scan.reset()
+	return scan
+}
+
+func freeScanner(scan *scanner) {
+	// Avoid hanging on to too much memory in extreme cases.
+	if len(scan.parseState) > 1024 {
+		scan.parseState = nil
+	}
+	scannerPool.Put(scan)
+}
+
+// These values are returned by the state transition functions
+// assigned to scanner.state and the method scanner.eof.
+// They give details about the current state of the scan that
+// callers might be interested to know about.
+// It is okay to ignore the return value of any particular
+// call to scanner.state: if one call returns scanError,
+// every subsequent call will return scanError too.
+const (
+	// Continue.
+	scanContinue     = iota // uninteresting byte
+	scanBeginLiteral        // end implied by next result != scanContinue
+	scanBeginObject         // begin object
+	scanObjectKey           // just finished object key (string)
+	scanObjectValue         // just finished non-last object value
+	scanEndObject           // end object (implies scanObjectValue if possible)
+	scanBeginArray          // begin array
+	scanArrayValue          // just finished array value
+	scanEndArray            // end array (implies scanArrayValue if possible)
+	scanSkipSpace           // space byte; can skip; known to be last "continue" result
+
+	// Stop.
+	scanEnd   // top-level value ended *before* this byte; known to be first "stop" result
+	scanError // hit an error, scanner.err.
+)
+
+// These values are stored in the parseState stack.
+// They give the current state of a composite value
+// being scanned. If the parser is inside a nested value
+// the parseState describes the nested state, outermost at entry 0.
+const (
+	parseObjectKey   = iota // parsing object key (before colon)
+	parseObjectValue        // parsing object value (after colon)
+	parseArrayValue         // parsing array value
+)
+
+// This limits the max nesting depth to prevent stack overflow.
+// This is permitted by https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7159#section-9
+const maxNestingDepth = 10000
+
+// reset prepares the scanner for use.
+// It must be called before calling s.step.
+func (s *scanner) reset() {
+	s.step = stateBeginValue
+	s.parseState = s.parseState[0:0]
+	s.err = nil
+	s.endTop = false
+}
+
+// eof tells the scanner that the end of input has been reached.
+// It returns a scan status just as s.step does.
+func (s *scanner) eof() int {
+	if s.err != nil {
+		return scanError
+	}
+	if s.endTop {
+		return scanEnd
+	}
+	s.step(s, ' ')
+	if s.endTop {
+		return scanEnd
+	}
+	if s.err == nil {
+		s.err = &SyntaxError{"unexpected end of JSON input", s.bytes}
+	}
+	return scanError
+}
+
+// pushParseState pushes a new parse state p onto the parse stack.
+// an error state is returned if maxNestingDepth was exceeded, otherwise successState is returned.
+func (s *scanner) pushParseState(c byte, newParseState int, successState int) int {
+	s.parseState = append(s.parseState, newParseState)
+	if len(s.parseState) <= maxNestingDepth {
+		return successState
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "exceeded max depth")
+}
+
+// popParseState pops a parse state (already obtained) off the stack
+// and updates s.step accordingly.
+func (s *scanner) popParseState() {
+	n := len(s.parseState) - 1
+	s.parseState = s.parseState[0:n]
+	if n == 0 {
+		s.step = stateEndTop
+		s.endTop = true
+	} else {
+		s.step = stateEndValue
+	}
+}
+
+func isSpace(c byte) bool {
+	return c <= ' ' && (c == ' ' || c == '\t' || c == '\r' || c == '\n')
+}
+
+// stateBeginValueOrEmpty is the state after reading `[`.
+func stateBeginValueOrEmpty(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if isSpace(c) {
+		return scanSkipSpace
+	}
+	if c == ']' {
+		return stateEndValue(s, c)
+	}
+	return stateBeginValue(s, c)
+}
+
+// stateBeginValue is the state at the beginning of the input.
+func stateBeginValue(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if isSpace(c) {
+		return scanSkipSpace
+	}
+	switch c {
+	case '{':
+		s.step = stateBeginStringOrEmpty
+		return s.pushParseState(c, parseObjectKey, scanBeginObject)
+	case '[':
+		s.step = stateBeginValueOrEmpty
+		return s.pushParseState(c, parseArrayValue, scanBeginArray)
+	case '"':
+		s.step = stateInString
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	case '-':
+		s.step = stateNeg
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	case '0': // beginning of 0.123
+		s.step = state0
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	case 't': // beginning of true
+		s.step = stateT
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	case 'f': // beginning of false
+		s.step = stateF
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	case 'n': // beginning of null
+		s.step = stateN
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	}
+	if '1' <= c && c <= '9' { // beginning of 1234.5
+		s.step = state1
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "looking for beginning of value")
+}
+
+// stateBeginStringOrEmpty is the state after reading `{`.
+func stateBeginStringOrEmpty(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if isSpace(c) {
+		return scanSkipSpace
+	}
+	if c == '}' {
+		n := len(s.parseState)
+		s.parseState[n-1] = parseObjectValue
+		return stateEndValue(s, c)
+	}
+	return stateBeginString(s, c)
+}
+
+// stateBeginString is the state after reading `{"key": value,`.
+func stateBeginString(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if isSpace(c) {
+		return scanSkipSpace
+	}
+	if c == '"' {
+		s.step = stateInString
+		return scanBeginLiteral
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "looking for beginning of object key string")
+}
+
+// stateEndValue is the state after completing a value,
+// such as after reading `{}` or `true` or `["x"`.
+func stateEndValue(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	n := len(s.parseState)
+	if n == 0 {
+		// Completed top-level before the current byte.
+		s.step = stateEndTop
+		s.endTop = true
+		return stateEndTop(s, c)
+	}
+	if isSpace(c) {
+		s.step = stateEndValue
+		return scanSkipSpace
+	}
+	ps := s.parseState[n-1]
+	switch ps {
+	case parseObjectKey:
+		if c == ':' {
+			s.parseState[n-1] = parseObjectValue
+			s.step = stateBeginValue
+			return scanObjectKey
+		}
+		return s.error(c, "after object key")
+	case parseObjectValue:
+		if c == ',' {
+			s.parseState[n-1] = parseObjectKey
+			s.step = stateBeginString
+			return scanObjectValue
+		}
+		if c == '}' {
+			s.popParseState()
+			return scanEndObject
+		}
+		return s.error(c, "after object key:value pair")
+	case parseArrayValue:
+		if c == ',' {
+			s.step = stateBeginValue
+			return scanArrayValue
+		}
+		if c == ']' {
+			s.popParseState()
+			return scanEndArray
+		}
+		return s.error(c, "after array element")
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "")
+}
+
+// stateEndTop is the state after finishing the top-level value,
+// such as after reading `{}` or `[1,2,3]`.
+// Only space characters should be seen now.
+func stateEndTop(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if !isSpace(c) {
+		// Complain about non-space byte on next call.
+		s.error(c, "after top-level value")
+	}
+	return scanEnd
+}
+
+// stateInString is the state after reading `"`.
+func stateInString(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == '"' {
+		s.step = stateEndValue
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	if c == '\\' {
+		s.step = stateInStringEsc
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	if c < 0x20 {
+		return s.error(c, "in string literal")
+	}
+	return scanContinue
+}
+
+// stateInStringEsc is the state after reading `"\` during a quoted string.
+func stateInStringEsc(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	switch c {
+	case 'b', 'f', 'n', 'r', 't', '\\', '/', '"':
+		s.step = stateInString
+		return scanContinue
+	case 'u':
+		s.step = stateInStringEscU
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in string escape code")
+}
+
+// stateInStringEscU is the state after reading `"\u` during a quoted string.
+func stateInStringEscU(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' || 'a' <= c && c <= 'f' || 'A' <= c && c <= 'F' {
+		s.step = stateInStringEscU1
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	// numbers
+	return s.error(c, "in \\u hexadecimal character escape")
+}
+
+// stateInStringEscU1 is the state after reading `"\u1` during a quoted string.
+func stateInStringEscU1(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' || 'a' <= c && c <= 'f' || 'A' <= c && c <= 'F' {
+		s.step = stateInStringEscU12
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	// numbers
+	return s.error(c, "in \\u hexadecimal character escape")
+}
+
+// stateInStringEscU12 is the state after reading `"\u12` during a quoted string.
+func stateInStringEscU12(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' || 'a' <= c && c <= 'f' || 'A' <= c && c <= 'F' {
+		s.step = stateInStringEscU123
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	// numbers
+	return s.error(c, "in \\u hexadecimal character escape")
+}
+
+// stateInStringEscU123 is the state after reading `"\u123` during a quoted string.
+func stateInStringEscU123(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' || 'a' <= c && c <= 'f' || 'A' <= c && c <= 'F' {
+		s.step = stateInString
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	// numbers
+	return s.error(c, "in \\u hexadecimal character escape")
+}
+
+// stateNeg is the state after reading `-` during a number.
+func stateNeg(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == '0' {
+		s.step = state0
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	if '1' <= c && c <= '9' {
+		s.step = state1
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in numeric literal")
+}
+
+// state1 is the state after reading a non-zero integer during a number,
+// such as after reading `1` or `100` but not `0`.
+func state1(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' {
+		s.step = state1
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return state0(s, c)
+}
+
+// state0 is the state after reading `0` during a number.
+func state0(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == '.' {
+		s.step = stateDot
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	if c == 'e' || c == 'E' {
+		s.step = stateE
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return stateEndValue(s, c)
+}
+
+// stateDot is the state after reading the integer and decimal point in a number,
+// such as after reading `1.`.
+func stateDot(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' {
+		s.step = stateDot0
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "after decimal point in numeric literal")
+}
+
+// stateDot0 is the state after reading the integer, decimal point, and subsequent
+// digits of a number, such as after reading `3.14`.
+func stateDot0(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' {
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	if c == 'e' || c == 'E' {
+		s.step = stateE
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return stateEndValue(s, c)
+}
+
+// stateE is the state after reading the mantissa and e in a number,
+// such as after reading `314e` or `0.314e`.
+func stateE(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == '+' || c == '-' {
+		s.step = stateESign
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return stateESign(s, c)
+}
+
+// stateESign is the state after reading the mantissa, e, and sign in a number,
+// such as after reading `314e-` or `0.314e+`.
+func stateESign(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' {
+		s.step = stateE0
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in exponent of numeric literal")
+}
+
+// stateE0 is the state after reading the mantissa, e, optional sign,
+// and at least one digit of the exponent in a number,
+// such as after reading `314e-2` or `0.314e+1` or `3.14e0`.
+func stateE0(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if '0' <= c && c <= '9' {
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return stateEndValue(s, c)
+}
+
+// stateT is the state after reading `t`.
+func stateT(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'r' {
+		s.step = stateTr
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal true (expecting 'r')")
+}
+
+// stateTr is the state after reading `tr`.
+func stateTr(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'u' {
+		s.step = stateTru
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal true (expecting 'u')")
+}
+
+// stateTru is the state after reading `tru`.
+func stateTru(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'e' {
+		s.step = stateEndValue
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal true (expecting 'e')")
+}
+
+// stateF is the state after reading `f`.
+func stateF(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'a' {
+		s.step = stateFa
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal false (expecting 'a')")
+}
+
+// stateFa is the state after reading `fa`.
+func stateFa(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'l' {
+		s.step = stateFal
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal false (expecting 'l')")
+}
+
+// stateFal is the state after reading `fal`.
+func stateFal(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 's' {
+		s.step = stateFals
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal false (expecting 's')")
+}
+
+// stateFals is the state after reading `fals`.
+func stateFals(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'e' {
+		s.step = stateEndValue
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal false (expecting 'e')")
+}
+
+// stateN is the state after reading `n`.
+func stateN(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'u' {
+		s.step = stateNu
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal null (expecting 'u')")
+}
+
+// stateNu is the state after reading `nu`.
+func stateNu(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'l' {
+		s.step = stateNul
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal null (expecting 'l')")
+}
+
+// stateNul is the state after reading `nul`.
+func stateNul(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	if c == 'l' {
+		s.step = stateEndValue
+		return scanContinue
+	}
+	return s.error(c, "in literal null (expecting 'l')")
+}
+
+// stateError is the state after reaching a syntax error,
+// such as after reading `[1}` or `5.1.2`.
+func stateError(s *scanner, c byte) int {
+	return scanError
+}
+
+// error records an error and switches to the error state.
+func (s *scanner) error(c byte, context string) int {
+	s.step = stateError
+	s.err = &SyntaxError{"invalid character " + quoteChar(c) + " " + context, s.bytes}
+	return scanError
+}
+
+// quoteChar formats c as a quoted character literal.
+func quoteChar(c byte) string {
+	// special cases - different from quoted strings
+	if c == '\'' {
+		return `'\''`
+	}
+	if c == '"' {
+		return `'"'`
+	}
+
+	// use quoted string with different quotation marks
+	s := strconv.Quote(string(c))
+	return "'" + s[1:len(s)-1] + "'"
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,495 @@
+// Copyright 2010 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package json
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+)
+
+// A Decoder reads and decodes JSON values from an input stream.
+type Decoder struct {
+	r       io.Reader
+	buf     []byte
+	d       decodeState
+	scanp   int   // start of unread data in buf
+	scanned int64 // amount of data already scanned
+	scan    scanner
+	err     error
+
+	tokenState int
+	tokenStack []int
+}
+
+// NewDecoder returns a new decoder that reads from r.
+//
+// The decoder introduces its own buffering and may
+// read data from r beyond the JSON values requested.
+func NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *Decoder {
+	return &Decoder{r: r}
+}
+
+// UseNumber causes the Decoder to unmarshal a number into an interface{} as a
+// Number instead of as a float64.
+func (dec *Decoder) UseNumber() { dec.d.useNumber = true }
+
+// DisallowUnknownFields causes the Decoder to return an error when the destination
+// is a struct and the input contains object keys which do not match any
+// non-ignored, exported fields in the destination.
+func (dec *Decoder) DisallowUnknownFields() { dec.d.disallowUnknownFields = true }
+
+// Decode reads the next JSON-encoded value from its
+// input and stores it in the value pointed to by v.
+//
+// See the documentation for Unmarshal for details about
+// the conversion of JSON into a Go value.
+func (dec *Decoder) Decode(v any) error {
+	if dec.err != nil {
+		return dec.err
+	}
+
+	if err := dec.tokenPrepareForDecode(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if !dec.tokenValueAllowed() {
+		return &SyntaxError{msg: "not at beginning of value", Offset: dec.InputOffset()}
+	}
+
+	// Read whole value into buffer.
+	n, err := dec.readValue()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	dec.d.init(dec.buf[dec.scanp : dec.scanp+n])
+	dec.scanp += n
+
+	// Don't save err from unmarshal into dec.err:
+	// the connection is still usable since we read a complete JSON
+	// object from it before the error happened.
+	err = dec.d.unmarshal(v)
+
+	// fixup token streaming state
+	dec.tokenValueEnd()
+
+	return err
+}
+
+// Buffered returns a reader of the data remaining in the Decoder's
+// buffer. The reader is valid until the next call to Decode.
+func (dec *Decoder) Buffered() io.Reader {
+	return bytes.NewReader(dec.buf[dec.scanp:])
+}
+
+// readValue reads a JSON value into dec.buf.
+// It returns the length of the encoding.
+func (dec *Decoder) readValue() (int, error) {
+	dec.scan.reset()
+
+	scanp := dec.scanp
+	var err error
+Input:
+	// help the compiler see that scanp is never negative, so it can remove
+	// some bounds checks below.
+	for scanp >= 0 {
+
+		// Look in the buffer for a new value.
+		for ; scanp < len(dec.buf); scanp++ {
+			c := dec.buf[scanp]
+			dec.scan.bytes++
+			switch dec.scan.step(&dec.scan, c) {
+			case scanEnd:
+				// scanEnd is delayed one byte so we decrement
+				// the scanner bytes count by 1 to ensure that
+				// this value is correct in the next call of Decode.
+				dec.scan.bytes--
+				break Input
+			case scanEndObject, scanEndArray:
+				// scanEnd is delayed one byte.
+				// We might block trying to get that byte from src,
+				// so instead invent a space byte.
+				if stateEndValue(&dec.scan, ' ') == scanEnd {
+					scanp++
+					break Input
+				}
+			case scanError:
+				dec.err = dec.scan.err
+				return 0, dec.scan.err
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Did the last read have an error?
+		// Delayed until now to allow buffer scan.
+		if err != nil {
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				if dec.scan.step(&dec.scan, ' ') == scanEnd {
+					break Input
+				}
+				if nonSpace(dec.buf) {
+					err = io.ErrUnexpectedEOF
+				}
+			}
+			dec.err = err
+			return 0, err
+		}
+
+		n := scanp - dec.scanp
+		err = dec.refill()
+		scanp = dec.scanp + n
+	}
+	return scanp - dec.scanp, nil
+}
+
+func (dec *Decoder) refill() error {
+	// Make room to read more into the buffer.
+	// First slide down data already consumed.
+	if dec.scanp > 0 {
+		dec.scanned += int64(dec.scanp)
+		n := copy(dec.buf, dec.buf[dec.scanp:])
+		dec.buf = dec.buf[:n]
+		dec.scanp = 0
+	}
+
+	// Grow buffer if not large enough.
+	const minRead = 512
+	if cap(dec.buf)-len(dec.buf) < minRead {
+		newBuf := make([]byte, len(dec.buf), 2*cap(dec.buf)+minRead)
+		copy(newBuf, dec.buf)
+		dec.buf = newBuf
+	}
+
+	// Read. Delay error for next iteration (after scan).
+	n, err := dec.r.Read(dec.buf[len(dec.buf):cap(dec.buf)])
+	dec.buf = dec.buf[0 : len(dec.buf)+n]
+
+	return err
+}
+
+func nonSpace(b []byte) bool {
+	for _, c := range b {
+		if !isSpace(c) {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// An Encoder writes JSON values to an output stream.
+type Encoder struct {
+	w          io.Writer
+	err        error
+	escapeHTML bool
+
+	indentBuf    *bytes.Buffer
+	indentPrefix string
+	indentValue  string
+}
+
+// NewEncoder returns a new encoder that writes to w.
+func NewEncoder(w io.Writer) *Encoder {
+	return &Encoder{w: w, escapeHTML: true}
+}
+
+// Encode writes the JSON encoding of v to the stream,
+// followed by a newline character.
+//
+// See the documentation for Marshal for details about the
+// conversion of Go values to JSON.
+func (enc *Encoder) Encode(v any) error {
+	if enc.err != nil {
+		return enc.err
+	}
+
+	e := newEncodeState()
+	defer encodeStatePool.Put(e)
+
+	err := e.marshal(v, encOpts{escapeHTML: enc.escapeHTML})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Terminate each value with a newline.
+	// This makes the output look a little nicer
+	// when debugging, and some kind of space
+	// is required if the encoded value was a number,
+	// so that the reader knows there aren't more
+	// digits coming.
+	e.WriteByte('\n')
+
+	b := e.Bytes()
+	if enc.indentPrefix != "" || enc.indentValue != "" {
+		if enc.indentBuf == nil {
+			enc.indentBuf = new(bytes.Buffer)
+		}
+		enc.indentBuf.Reset()
+		err = Indent(enc.indentBuf, b, enc.indentPrefix, enc.indentValue)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		b = enc.indentBuf.Bytes()
+	}
+	if _, err = enc.w.Write(b); err != nil {
+		enc.err = err
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+// SetIndent instructs the encoder to format each subsequent encoded
+// value as if indented by the package-level function Indent(dst, src, prefix, indent).
+// Calling SetIndent("", "") disables indentation.
+func (enc *Encoder) SetIndent(prefix, indent string) {
+	enc.indentPrefix = prefix
+	enc.indentValue = indent
+}
+
+// SetEscapeHTML specifies whether problematic HTML characters
+// should be escaped inside JSON quoted strings.
+// The default behavior is to escape &, <, and > to \u0026, \u003c, and \u003e
+// to avoid certain safety problems that can arise when embedding JSON in HTML.
+//
+// In non-HTML settings where the escaping interferes with the readability
+// of the output, SetEscapeHTML(false) disables this behavior.
+func (enc *Encoder) SetEscapeHTML(on bool) {
+	enc.escapeHTML = on
+}
+
+// RawMessage is a raw encoded JSON value.
+// It implements Marshaler and Unmarshaler and can
+// be used to delay JSON decoding or precompute a JSON encoding.
+type RawMessage = json.RawMessage
+
+// A Token holds a value of one of these types:
+//
+//	Delim, for the four JSON delimiters [ ] { }
+//	bool, for JSON booleans
+//	float64, for JSON numbers
+//	Number, for JSON numbers
+//	string, for JSON string literals
+//	nil, for JSON null
+type Token any
+
+const (
+	tokenTopValue = iota
+	tokenArrayStart
+	tokenArrayValue
+	tokenArrayComma
+	tokenObjectStart
+	tokenObjectKey
+	tokenObjectColon
+	tokenObjectValue
+	tokenObjectComma
+)
+
+// advance tokenstate from a separator state to a value state
+func (dec *Decoder) tokenPrepareForDecode() error {
+	// Note: Not calling peek before switch, to avoid
+	// putting peek into the standard Decode path.
+	// peek is only called when using the Token API.
+	switch dec.tokenState {
+	case tokenArrayComma:
+		c, err := dec.peek()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if c != ',' {
+			return &SyntaxError{"expected comma after array element", dec.InputOffset()}
+		}
+		dec.scanp++
+		dec.tokenState = tokenArrayValue
+	case tokenObjectColon:
+		c, err := dec.peek()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if c != ':' {
+			return &SyntaxError{"expected colon after object key", dec.InputOffset()}
+		}
+		dec.scanp++
+		dec.tokenState = tokenObjectValue
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (dec *Decoder) tokenValueAllowed() bool {
+	switch dec.tokenState {
+	case tokenTopValue, tokenArrayStart, tokenArrayValue, tokenObjectValue:
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+func (dec *Decoder) tokenValueEnd() {
+	switch dec.tokenState {
+	case tokenArrayStart, tokenArrayValue:
+		dec.tokenState = tokenArrayComma
+	case tokenObjectValue:
+		dec.tokenState = tokenObjectComma
+	}
+}
+
+// A Delim is a JSON array or object delimiter, one of [ ] { or }.
+type Delim rune
+
+func (d Delim) String() string {
+	return string(d)
+}
+
+// Token returns the next JSON token in the input stream.
+// At the end of the input stream, Token returns nil, io.EOF.
+//
+// Token guarantees that the delimiters [ ] { } it returns are
+// properly nested and matched: if Token encounters an unexpected
+// delimiter in the input, it will return an error.
+//
+// The input stream consists of basic JSON values—bool, string,
+// number, and null—along with delimiters [ ] { } of type Delim
+// to mark the start and end of arrays and objects.
+// Commas and colons are elided.
+func (dec *Decoder) Token() (Token, error) {
+	for {
+		c, err := dec.peek()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		switch c {
+		case '[':
+			if !dec.tokenValueAllowed() {
+				return dec.tokenError(c)
+			}
+			dec.scanp++
+			dec.tokenStack = append(dec.tokenStack, dec.tokenState)
+			dec.tokenState = tokenArrayStart
+			return Delim('['), nil
+
+		case ']':
+			if dec.tokenState != tokenArrayStart && dec.tokenState != tokenArrayComma {
+				return dec.tokenError(c)
+			}
+			dec.scanp++
+			dec.tokenState = dec.tokenStack[len(dec.tokenStack)-1]
+			dec.tokenStack = dec.tokenStack[:len(dec.tokenStack)-1]
+			dec.tokenValueEnd()
+			return Delim(']'), nil
+
+		case '{':
+			if !dec.tokenValueAllowed() {
+				return dec.tokenError(c)
+			}
+			dec.scanp++
+			dec.tokenStack = append(dec.tokenStack, dec.tokenState)
+			dec.tokenState = tokenObjectStart
+			return Delim('{'), nil
+
+		case '}':
+			if dec.tokenState != tokenObjectStart && dec.tokenState != tokenObjectComma {
+				return dec.tokenError(c)
+			}
+			dec.scanp++
+			dec.tokenState = dec.tokenStack[len(dec.tokenStack)-1]
+			dec.tokenStack = dec.tokenStack[:len(dec.tokenStack)-1]
+			dec.tokenValueEnd()
+			return Delim('}'), nil
+
+		case ':':
+			if dec.tokenState != tokenObjectColon {
+				return dec.tokenError(c)
+			}
+			dec.scanp++
+			dec.tokenState = tokenObjectValue
+			continue
+
+		case ',':
+			if dec.tokenState == tokenArrayComma {
+				dec.scanp++
+				dec.tokenState = tokenArrayValue
+				continue
+			}
+			if dec.tokenState == tokenObjectComma {
+				dec.scanp++
+				dec.tokenState = tokenObjectKey
+				continue
+			}
+			return dec.tokenError(c)
+
+		case '"':
+			if dec.tokenState == tokenObjectStart || dec.tokenState == tokenObjectKey {
+				var x string
+				old := dec.tokenState
+				dec.tokenState = tokenTopValue
+				err := dec.Decode(&x)
+				dec.tokenState = old
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+				dec.tokenState = tokenObjectColon
+				return x, nil
+			}
+			fallthrough
+
+		default:
+			if !dec.tokenValueAllowed() {
+				return dec.tokenError(c)
+			}
+			var x any
+			if err := dec.Decode(&x); err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return x, nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (dec *Decoder) tokenError(c byte) (Token, error) {
+	var context string
+	switch dec.tokenState {
+	case tokenTopValue:
+		context = " looking for beginning of value"
+	case tokenArrayStart, tokenArrayValue, tokenObjectValue:
+		context = " looking for beginning of value"
+	case tokenArrayComma:
+		context = " after array element"
+	case tokenObjectKey:
+		context = " looking for beginning of object key string"
+	case tokenObjectColon:
+		context = " after object key"
+	case tokenObjectComma:
+		context = " after object key:value pair"
+	}
+	return nil, &SyntaxError{"invalid character " + quoteChar(c) + context, dec.InputOffset()}
+}
+
+// More reports whether there is another element in the
+// current array or object being parsed.
+func (dec *Decoder) More() bool {
+	c, err := dec.peek()
+	return err == nil && c != ']' && c != '}'
+}
+
+func (dec *Decoder) peek() (byte, error) {
+	var err error
+	for {
+		for i := dec.scanp; i < len(dec.buf); i++ {
+			c := dec.buf[i]
+			if isSpace(c) {
+				continue
+			}
+			dec.scanp = i
+			return c, nil
+		}
+		// buffer has been scanned, now report any error
+		if err != nil {
+			return 0, err
+		}
+		err = dec.refill()
+	}
+}
+
+// InputOffset returns the input stream byte offset of the current decoder position.
+// The offset gives the location of the end of the most recently returned token
+// and the beginning of the next token.
+func (dec *Decoder) InputOffset() int64 {
+	return dec.scanned + int64(dec.scanp)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,218 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package json
+
+import "unicode/utf8"
+
+// safeSet holds the value true if the ASCII character with the given array
+// position can be represented inside a JSON string without any further
+// escaping.
+//
+// All values are true except for the ASCII control characters (0-31), the
+// double quote ("), and the backslash character ("\").
+var safeSet = [utf8.RuneSelf]bool{
+	' ':      true,
+	'!':      true,
+	'"':      false,
+	'#':      true,
+	'$':      true,
+	'%':      true,
+	'&':      true,
+	'\'':     true,
+	'(':      true,
+	')':      true,
+	'*':      true,
+	'+':      true,
+	',':      true,
+	'-':      true,
+	'.':      true,
+	'/':      true,
+	'0':      true,
+	'1':      true,
+	'2':      true,
+	'3':      true,
+	'4':      true,
+	'5':      true,
+	'6':      true,
+	'7':      true,
+	'8':      true,
+	'9':      true,
+	':':      true,
+	';':      true,
+	'<':      true,
+	'=':      true,
+	'>':      true,
+	'?':      true,
+	'@':      true,
+	'A':      true,
+	'B':      true,
+	'C':      true,
+	'D':      true,
+	'E':      true,
+	'F':      true,
+	'G':      true,
+	'H':      true,
+	'I':      true,
+	'J':      true,
+	'K':      true,
+	'L':      true,
+	'M':      true,
+	'N':      true,
+	'O':      true,
+	'P':      true,
+	'Q':      true,
+	'R':      true,
+	'S':      true,
+	'T':      true,
+	'U':      true,
+	'V':      true,
+	'W':      true,
+	'X':      true,
+	'Y':      true,
+	'Z':      true,
+	'[':      true,
+	'\\':     false,
+	']':      true,
+	'^':      true,
+	'_':      true,
+	'`':      true,
+	'a':      true,
+	'b':      true,
+	'c':      true,
+	'd':      true,
+	'e':      true,
+	'f':      true,
+	'g':      true,
+	'h':      true,
+	'i':      true,
+	'j':      true,
+	'k':      true,
+	'l':      true,
+	'm':      true,
+	'n':      true,
+	'o':      true,
+	'p':      true,
+	'q':      true,
+	'r':      true,
+	's':      true,
+	't':      true,
+	'u':      true,
+	'v':      true,
+	'w':      true,
+	'x':      true,
+	'y':      true,
+	'z':      true,
+	'{':      true,
+	'|':      true,
+	'}':      true,
+	'~':      true,
+	'\u007f': true,
+}
+
+// htmlSafeSet holds the value true if the ASCII character with the given
+// array position can be safely represented inside a JSON string, embedded
+// inside of HTML <script> tags, without any additional escaping.
+//
+// All values are true except for the ASCII control characters (0-31), the
+// double quote ("), the backslash character ("\"), HTML opening and closing
+// tags ("<" and ">"), and the ampersand ("&").
+var htmlSafeSet = [utf8.RuneSelf]bool{
+	' ':      true,
+	'!':      true,
+	'"':      false,
+	'#':      true,
+	'$':      true,
+	'%':      true,
+	'&':      false,
+	'\'':     true,
+	'(':      true,
+	')':      true,
+	'*':      true,
+	'+':      true,
+	',':      true,
+	'-':      true,
+	'.':      true,
+	'/':      true,
+	'0':      true,
+	'1':      true,
+	'2':      true,
+	'3':      true,
+	'4':      true,
+	'5':      true,
+	'6':      true,
+	'7':      true,
+	'8':      true,
+	'9':      true,
+	':':      true,
+	';':      true,
+	'<':      false,
+	'=':      true,
+	'>':      false,
+	'?':      true,
+	'@':      true,
+	'A':      true,
+	'B':      true,
+	'C':      true,
+	'D':      true,
+	'E':      true,
+	'F':      true,
+	'G':      true,
+	'H':      true,
+	'I':      true,
+	'J':      true,
+	'K':      true,
+	'L':      true,
+	'M':      true,
+	'N':      true,
+	'O':      true,
+	'P':      true,
+	'Q':      true,
+	'R':      true,
+	'S':      true,
+	'T':      true,
+	'U':      true,
+	'V':      true,
+	'W':      true,
+	'X':      true,
+	'Y':      true,
+	'Z':      true,
+	'[':      true,
+	'\\':     false,
+	']':      true,
+	'^':      true,
+	'_':      true,
+	'`':      true,
+	'a':      true,
+	'b':      true,
+	'c':      true,
+	'd':      true,
+	'e':      true,
+	'f':      true,
+	'g':      true,
+	'h':      true,
+	'i':      true,
+	'j':      true,
+	'k':      true,
+	'l':      true,
+	'm':      true,
+	'n':      true,
+	'o':      true,
+	'p':      true,
+	'q':      true,
+	'r':      true,
+	's':      true,
+	't':      true,
+	'u':      true,
+	'v':      true,
+	'w':      true,
+	'x':      true,
+	'y':      true,
+	'z':      true,
+	'{':      true,
+	'|':      true,
+	'}':      true,
+	'~':      true,
+	'\u007f': true,
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// Copyright 2011 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
+// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package json
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// tagOptions is the string following a comma in a struct field's "json"
+// tag, or the empty string. It does not include the leading comma.
+type tagOptions string
+
+// parseTag splits a struct field's json tag into its name and
+// comma-separated options.
+func parseTag(tag string) (string, tagOptions) {
+	tag, opt, _ := strings.Cut(tag, ",")
+	return tag, tagOptions(opt)
+}
+
+// Contains reports whether a comma-separated list of options
+// contains a particular substr flag. substr must be surrounded by a
+// string boundary or commas.
+func (o tagOptions) Contains(optionName string) bool {
+	if len(o) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	s := string(o)
+	for s != "" {
+		var name string
+		name, s, _ = strings.Cut(s, ",")
+		if name == optionName {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,444 @@
+package jsonpatch
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"reflect"
+
+	"github.com/evanphx/json-patch/v5/internal/json"
+)
+
+func merge(cur, patch *lazyNode, mergeMerge bool, options *ApplyOptions) *lazyNode {
+	curDoc, err := cur.intoDoc(options)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		pruneNulls(patch, options)
+		return patch
+	}
+
+	patchDoc, err := patch.intoDoc(options)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return patch
+	}
+
+	mergeDocs(curDoc, patchDoc, mergeMerge, options)
+
+	return cur
+}
+
+func mergeDocs(doc, patch *partialDoc, mergeMerge bool, options *ApplyOptions) {
+	for k, v := range patch.obj {
+		if v == nil {
+			if mergeMerge {
+				idx := -1
+				for i, key := range doc.keys {
+					if key == k {
+						idx = i
+						break
+					}
+				}
+				if idx == -1 {
+					doc.keys = append(doc.keys, k)
+				}
+				doc.obj[k] = nil
+			} else {
+				_ = doc.remove(k, options)
+			}
+		} else {
+			cur, ok := doc.obj[k]
+
+			if !ok || cur == nil {
+				if !mergeMerge {
+					pruneNulls(v, options)
+				}
+				_ = doc.set(k, v, options)
+			} else {
+				_ = doc.set(k, merge(cur, v, mergeMerge, options), options)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func pruneNulls(n *lazyNode, options *ApplyOptions) {
+	sub, err := n.intoDoc(options)
+
+	if err == nil {
+		pruneDocNulls(sub, options)
+	} else {
+		ary, err := n.intoAry()
+
+		if err == nil {
+			pruneAryNulls(ary, options)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func pruneDocNulls(doc *partialDoc, options *ApplyOptions) *partialDoc {
+	for k, v := range doc.obj {
+		if v == nil {
+			_ = doc.remove(k, &ApplyOptions{})
+		} else {
+			pruneNulls(v, options)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return doc
+}
+
+func pruneAryNulls(ary *partialArray, options *ApplyOptions) *partialArray {
+	newAry := []*lazyNode{}
+
+	for _, v := range ary.nodes {
+		if v != nil {
+			pruneNulls(v, options)
+		}
+		newAry = append(newAry, v)
+	}
+
+	ary.nodes = newAry
+
+	return ary
+}
+
+var ErrBadJSONDoc = fmt.Errorf("Invalid JSON Document")
+var ErrBadJSONPatch = fmt.Errorf("Invalid JSON Patch")
+var errBadMergeTypes = fmt.Errorf("Mismatched JSON Documents")
+
+// MergeMergePatches merges two merge patches together, such that
+// applying this resulting merged merge patch to a document yields the same
+// as merging each merge patch to the document in succession.
+func MergeMergePatches(patch1Data, patch2Data []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	return doMergePatch(patch1Data, patch2Data, true)
+}
+
+// MergePatch merges the patchData into the docData.
+func MergePatch(docData, patchData []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	return doMergePatch(docData, patchData, false)
+}
+
+func doMergePatch(docData, patchData []byte, mergeMerge bool) ([]byte, error) {
+	if !json.Valid(docData) {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	if !json.Valid(patchData) {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONPatch
+	}
+
+	options := NewApplyOptions()
+
+	doc := &partialDoc{
+		opts: options,
+	}
+
+	docErr := doc.UnmarshalJSON(docData)
+
+	patch := &partialDoc{
+		opts: options,
+	}
+
+	patchErr := patch.UnmarshalJSON(patchData)
+
+	if isSyntaxError(docErr) {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	if isSyntaxError(patchErr) {
+		return patchData, nil
+	}
+
+	if docErr == nil && doc.obj == nil {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	if patchErr == nil && patch.obj == nil {
+		return patchData, nil
+	}
+
+	if docErr != nil || patchErr != nil {
+		// Not an error, just not a doc, so we turn straight into the patch
+		if patchErr == nil {
+			if mergeMerge {
+				doc = patch
+			} else {
+				doc = pruneDocNulls(patch, options)
+			}
+		} else {
+			patchAry := &partialArray{}
+			patchErr = unmarshal(patchData, &patchAry.nodes)
+
+			if patchErr != nil {
+				// Not an array either, a literal is the result directly.
+				if json.Valid(patchData) {
+					return patchData, nil
+				}
+				return nil, ErrBadJSONPatch
+			}
+
+			pruneAryNulls(patchAry, options)
+
+			out, patchErr := json.Marshal(patchAry.nodes)
+
+			if patchErr != nil {
+				return nil, ErrBadJSONPatch
+			}
+
+			return out, nil
+		}
+	} else {
+		mergeDocs(doc, patch, mergeMerge, options)
+	}
+
+	return json.Marshal(doc)
+}
+
+func isSyntaxError(err error) bool {
+	if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if _, ok := err.(*json.SyntaxError); ok {
+		return true
+	}
+	if _, ok := err.(*syntaxError); ok {
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// resemblesJSONArray indicates whether the byte-slice "appears" to be
+// a JSON array or not.
+// False-positives are possible, as this function does not check the internal
+// structure of the array. It only checks that the outer syntax is present and
+// correct.
+func resemblesJSONArray(input []byte) bool {
+	input = bytes.TrimSpace(input)
+
+	hasPrefix := bytes.HasPrefix(input, []byte("["))
+	hasSuffix := bytes.HasSuffix(input, []byte("]"))
+
+	return hasPrefix && hasSuffix
+}
+
+// CreateMergePatch will return a merge patch document capable of converting
+// the original document(s) to the modified document(s).
+// The parameters can be bytes of either two JSON Documents, or two arrays of
+// JSON documents.
+// The merge patch returned follows the specification defined at http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-appsawg-json-merge-patch-07
+func CreateMergePatch(originalJSON, modifiedJSON []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	originalResemblesArray := resemblesJSONArray(originalJSON)
+	modifiedResemblesArray := resemblesJSONArray(modifiedJSON)
+
+	// Do both byte-slices seem like JSON arrays?
+	if originalResemblesArray && modifiedResemblesArray {
+		return createArrayMergePatch(originalJSON, modifiedJSON)
+	}
+
+	// Are both byte-slices are not arrays? Then they are likely JSON objects...
+	if !originalResemblesArray && !modifiedResemblesArray {
+		return createObjectMergePatch(originalJSON, modifiedJSON)
+	}
+
+	// None of the above? Then return an error because of mismatched types.
+	return nil, errBadMergeTypes
+}
+
+// createObjectMergePatch will return a merge-patch document capable of
+// converting the original document to the modified document.
+func createObjectMergePatch(originalJSON, modifiedJSON []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	originalDoc := map[string]interface{}{}
+	modifiedDoc := map[string]interface{}{}
+
+	err := unmarshal(originalJSON, &originalDoc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	err = unmarshal(modifiedJSON, &modifiedDoc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	dest, err := getDiff(originalDoc, modifiedDoc)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return json.Marshal(dest)
+}
+
+func unmarshal(data []byte, into interface{}) error {
+	return json.UnmarshalValid(data, into)
+}
+
+// createArrayMergePatch will return an array of merge-patch documents capable
+// of converting the original document to the modified document for each
+// pair of JSON documents provided in the arrays.
+// Arrays of mismatched sizes will result in an error.
+func createArrayMergePatch(originalJSON, modifiedJSON []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	originalDocs := []json.RawMessage{}
+	modifiedDocs := []json.RawMessage{}
+
+	err := unmarshal(originalJSON, &originalDocs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	err = unmarshal(modifiedJSON, &modifiedDocs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	total := len(originalDocs)
+	if len(modifiedDocs) != total {
+		return nil, ErrBadJSONDoc
+	}
+
+	result := []json.RawMessage{}
+	for i := 0; i < len(originalDocs); i++ {
+		original := originalDocs[i]
+		modified := modifiedDocs[i]
+
+		patch, err := createObjectMergePatch(original, modified)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		result = append(result, json.RawMessage(patch))
+	}
+
+	return json.Marshal(result)
+}
+
+// Returns true if the array matches (must be json types).
+// As is idiomatic for go, an empty array is not the same as a nil array.
+func matchesArray(a, b []interface{}) bool {
+	if len(a) != len(b) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if (a == nil && b != nil) || (a != nil && b == nil) {
+		return false
+	}
+	for i := range a {
+		if !matchesValue(a[i], b[i]) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// Returns true if the values matches (must be json types)
+// The types of the values must match, otherwise it will always return false
+// If two map[string]interface{} are given, all elements must match.
+func matchesValue(av, bv interface{}) bool {
+	if reflect.TypeOf(av) != reflect.TypeOf(bv) {
+		return false
+	}
+	switch at := av.(type) {
+	case string:
+		bt := bv.(string)
+		if bt == at {
+			return true
+		}
+	case json.Number:
+		bt := bv.(json.Number)
+		if bt == at {
+			return true
+		}
+	case float64:
+		bt := bv.(float64)
+		if bt == at {
+			return true
+		}
+	case bool:
+		bt := bv.(bool)
+		if bt == at {
+			return true
+		}
+	case nil:
+		// Both nil, fine.
+		return true
+	case map[string]interface{}:
+		bt := bv.(map[string]interface{})
+		if len(bt) != len(at) {
+			return false
+		}
+		for key := range bt {
+			av, aOK := at[key]
+			bv, bOK := bt[key]
+			if aOK != bOK {
+				return false
+			}
+			if !matchesValue(av, bv) {
+				return false
+			}
+		}
+		return true
+	case []interface{}:
+		bt := bv.([]interface{})
+		return matchesArray(at, bt)
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// getDiff returns the (recursive) difference between a and b as a map[string]interface{}.
+func getDiff(a, b map[string]interface{}) (map[string]interface{}, error) {
+	into := map[string]interface{}{}
+	for key, bv := range b {
+		av, ok := a[key]
+		// value was added
+		if !ok {
+			into[key] = bv
+			continue
+		}
+		// If types have changed, replace completely
+		if reflect.TypeOf(av) != reflect.TypeOf(bv) {
+			into[key] = bv
+			continue
+		}
+		// Types are the same, compare values
+		switch at := av.(type) {
+		case map[string]interface{}:
+			bt := bv.(map[string]interface{})
+			dst := make(map[string]interface{}, len(bt))
+			dst, err := getDiff(at, bt)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			if len(dst) > 0 {
+				into[key] = dst
+			}
+		case string, float64, bool, json.Number:
+			if !matchesValue(av, bv) {
+				into[key] = bv
+			}
+		case []interface{}:
+			bt := bv.([]interface{})
+			if !matchesArray(at, bt) {
+				into[key] = bv
+			}
+		case nil:
+			switch bv.(type) {
+			case nil:
+				// Both nil, fine.
+			default:
+				into[key] = bv
+			}
+		default:
+			panic(fmt.Sprintf("Unknown type:%T in key %s", av, key))
+		}
+	}
+	// Now add all deleted values as nil
+	for key := range a {
+		_, found := b[key]
+		if !found {
+			into[key] = nil
+		}
+	}
+	return into, nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Compiled Object files, Static and Dynamic libs (Shared Objects)
+*.o
+*.a
+*.so
+
+# Folders
+_obj
+_test
+
+# Architecture specific extensions/prefixes
+*.[568vq]
+[568vq].out
+
+*.cgo1.go
+*.cgo2.c
+_cgo_defun.c
+_cgo_gotypes.go
+_cgo_export.*
+
+_testmain.go
+
+*.exe
+*.test
+*.prof
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+language: go
+arch:
+  - amd64
+  - ppc64le
+go:
+  - 1.15
+  - tip
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015 Exponent Labs LLC
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+[![GoDoc](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath?status.svg)](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath)
+[![Build Status](https://travis-ci.org/exponent-io/jsonpath.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/exponent-io/jsonpath)
+
+# jsonpath
+
+This package extends the [json.Decoder](https://golang.org/pkg/encoding/json/#Decoder) to support navigating a stream of JSON tokens. You should be able to use this extended Decoder places where a json.Decoder would have been used.
+
+This Decoder has the following enhancements...
+ * The [Scan](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath/#Decoder.Scan) method supports scanning a JSON stream while extracting particular values along the way using [PathActions](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath#PathActions).
+ * The [SeekTo](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath#Decoder.SeekTo) method supports seeking forward in a JSON token stream to a particular path.
+ * The [Path](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath#Decoder.Path) method returns the path of the most recently parsed token.
+ * The [Token](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath#Decoder.Token) method has been modified to distinguish between strings that are object keys and strings that are values. Object key strings are returned as the [KeyString](https://godoc.org/github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath#KeyString) type rather than a native string.
+
+## Installation
+
+    go get -u github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath
+
+## Example Usage
+
+#### SeekTo
+
+```go
+import "github.com/exponent-io/jsonpath"
+
+var j = []byte(`[
+  {"Space": "YCbCr", "Point": {"Y": 255, "Cb": 0, "Cr": -10}},
+  {"Space": "RGB",   "Point": {"R": 98, "G": 218, "B": 255}}
+]`)
+
+w := json.NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(j))
+var v interface{}
+
+w.SeekTo(1, "Point", "G")
+w.Decode(&v) // v is 218
+```
+
+#### Scan with PathActions
+
+```go
+var j = []byte(`{"colors":[
+  {"Space": "YCbCr", "Point": {"Y": 255, "Cb": 0, "Cr": -10, "A": 58}},
+  {"Space": "RGB",   "Point": {"R": 98, "G": 218, "B": 255, "A": 231}}
+]}`)
+
+var actions PathActions
+
+// Extract the value at Point.A
+actions.Add(func(d *Decoder) error {
+  var alpha int
+  err := d.Decode(&alpha)
+  fmt.Printf("Alpha: %v\n", alpha)
+  return err
+}, "Point", "A")
+
+w := NewDecoder(bytes.NewReader(j))
+w.SeekTo("colors", 0)
+
+var ok = true
+var err error
+for ok {
+  ok, err = w.Scan(&actions)
+  if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
+    panic(err)
+  }
+}
+```
@@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
+package jsonpath
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"io"
+)
+
+// KeyString is returned from Decoder.Token to represent each key in a JSON object value.
+type KeyString string
+
+// Decoder extends the Go runtime's encoding/json.Decoder to support navigating in a stream of JSON tokens.
+type Decoder struct {
+	json.Decoder
+
+	path    JsonPath
+	context jsonContext
+}
+
+// NewDecoder creates a new instance of the extended JSON Decoder.
+func NewDecoder(r io.Reader) *Decoder {
+	return &Decoder{Decoder: *json.NewDecoder(r)}
+}
+
+// SeekTo causes the Decoder to move forward to a given path in the JSON structure.
+//
+// The path argument must consist of strings or integers. Each string specifies an JSON object key, and
+// each integer specifies an index into a JSON array.
+//
+// Consider the JSON structure
+//
+//  { "a": [0,"s",12e4,{"b":0,"v":35} ] }
+//
+// SeekTo("a",3,"v") will move to the value referenced by the "a" key in the current object,
+// followed by a move to the 4th value (index 3) in the array, followed by a move to the value at key "v".
+// In this example, a subsequent call to the decoder's Decode() would unmarshal the value 35.
+//
+// SeekTo returns a boolean value indicating whether a match was found.
+//
+// Decoder is intended to be used with a stream of tokens. As a result it navigates forward only.
+func (d *Decoder) SeekTo(path ...interface{}) (bool, error) {
+
+	if len(path) > 0 {
+		last := len(path) - 1
+		if i, ok := path[last].(int); ok {
+			path[last] = i - 1
+		}
+	}
+
+	for {
+		if len(path) == len(d.path) && d.path.Equal(path) {
+			return true, nil
+		}
+		_, err := d.Token()
+		if err == io.EOF {
+			return false, nil
+		} else if err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Decode reads the next JSON-encoded value from its input and stores it in the value pointed to by v. This is
+// equivalent to encoding/json.Decode().
+func (d *Decoder) Decode(v interface{}) error {
+	switch d.context {
+	case objValue:
+		d.context = objKey
+		break
+	case arrValue:
+		d.path.incTop()
+		break
+	}
+	return d.Decoder.Decode(v)
+}
+
+// Path returns a slice of string and/or int values representing the path from the root of the JSON object to the
+// position of the most-recently parsed token.
+func (d *Decoder) Path() JsonPath {
+	p := make(JsonPath, len(d.path))
+	copy(p, d.path)
+	return p
+}
+
+// Token is equivalent to the Token() method on json.Decoder. The primary difference is that it distinguishes
+// between strings that are keys and and strings that are values. String tokens that are object keys are returned as a
+// KeyString rather than as a native string.
+func (d *Decoder) Token() (json.Token, error) {
+	t, err := d.Decoder.Token()
+	if err != nil {
+		return t, err
+	}
+
+	if t == nil {
+		switch d.context {
+		case objValue:
+			d.context = objKey
+			break
+		case arrValue:
+			d.path.incTop()
+			break
+		}
+		return t, err
+	}
+
+	switch t := t.(type) {
+	case json.Delim:
+		switch t {
+		case json.Delim('{'):
+			if d.context == arrValue {
+				d.path.incTop()
+			}
+			d.path.push("")
+			d.context = objKey
+			break
+		case json.Delim('}'):
+			d.path.pop()
+			d.context = d.path.inferContext()
+			break
+		case json.Delim('['):
+			if d.context == arrValue {
+				d.path.incTop()
+			}
+			d.path.push(-1)
+			d.context = arrValue
+			break
+		case json.Delim(']'):
+			d.path.pop()
+			d.context = d.path.inferContext()
+			break
+		}
+	case float64, json.Number, bool:
+		switch d.context {
+		case objValue:
+			d.context = objKey
+			break
+		case arrValue:
+			d.path.incTop()
+			break
+		}
+		break
+	case string:
+		switch d.context {
+		case objKey:
+			d.path.nameTop(t)
+			d.context = objValue
+			return KeyString(t), err
+		case objValue:
+			d.context = objKey
+		case arrValue:
+			d.path.incTop()
+		}
+		break
+	}
+
+	return t, err
+}
+
+// Scan moves forward over the JSON stream consuming all the tokens at the current level (current object, current array)
+// invoking each matching PathAction along the way.
+//
+// Scan returns true if there are more contiguous values to scan (for example in an array).
+func (d *Decoder) Scan(ext *PathActions) (bool, error) {
+
+	rootPath := d.Path()
+
+	// If this is an array path, increment the root path in our local copy.
+	if rootPath.inferContext() == arrValue {
+		rootPath.incTop()
+	}
+
+	for {
+		// advance the token position
+		_, err := d.Token()
+		if err != nil {
+			return false, err
+		}
+
+	match:
+		var relPath JsonPath
+
+		// capture the new JSON path
+		path := d.Path()
+
+		if len(path) > len(rootPath) {
+			// capture the path relative to where the scan started
+			relPath = path[len(rootPath):]
+		} else {
+			// if the path is not longer than the root, then we are done with this scan
+			// return boolean flag indicating if there are more items to scan at the same level
+			return d.Decoder.More(), nil
+		}
+
+		// match the relative path against the path actions
+		if node := ext.node.match(relPath); node != nil {
+			if node.action != nil {
+				// we have a match so execute the action
+				err = node.action(d)
+				if err != nil {
+					return d.Decoder.More(), err
+				}
+				// The action may have advanced the decoder. If we are in an array, advancing it further would
+				// skip tokens. So, if we are scanning an array, jump to the top without advancing the token.
+				if d.path.inferContext() == arrValue && d.Decoder.More() {
+					goto match
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More